2.  It is a procedure in which a patient receives a blood
product through an intravenous line.
 It is the introduction of blood components into the
venous circulation.
 Process of transferring blood-based products from one
person into the circulatory system of another.

4.  To replace blood lost during surgery or a serious injury.
 To restore oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
 To provide plasma factors to prevent or treat bleeding.
 Done if patient’s body is not capable of making blood
properly because of an illness.

5.  Major injuries after an accident or disaster.
 Surgery on an organ such as liver and the heart.
 Severe Anemia
 Bleeding such as Haemophilia and
Thrombocytopenia.

7.  Each person has one of the following blood
types: A, B, AB, or O.
 O - can be given to anyone but can only receive
O.
 AB – can receive any type but can only be given
to AB.
 Every person’s blood is either Rh-positive or
Rh-negative.

8.  Type O blood is called the universal donor.
 People with type AB blood are called universal
recipients.
 People with Rh-positive blood can get Rh-
positive or Rh-negative blood. But people
with Rh-negative blood should get only Rh-
negative blood.

9.  Before a blood transfusion, a technician tests
the patient’s blood to find out what blood type
they have (A, B, AB, or O and Rh-positive or
Rh-negative).
 Some patients may have allergic reaction even
when the blood given does work their own
blood type.

10.  A needle is used to insert an intravenous (IV) line
into a blood vessel. Through this line, the blood is
transfused. The procedure usually takes one to four
hours.
 During the BT, carefully watch the patient,
especially for the first 15 minutes. This is when bad
reactions are most likely to occur.
 After a BT, vital signs are checked (temp., BP, RR, and
HR).
 Follow-up blood tests may be necessary to show how
the body is reacting to the transfusion.

11.  Hemolytic Reaction – incompatibility between client’s
bloods and donor’s blood.
Clinical signs:
Chills, fever, headache, backache, dyspnea, cyanosis,
chest pain, tachycardia, hypotension.
 Febrile Reaction – sensitivity of the client’s blood to
white blood cells, platelets, or plasma proteins.
Clinical signs:
Fever, chills, warm, and flushed skin, headache, anxiety,
muscle pain.
 Allergic Reaction (mild)
Clinical signs:
Flushing, itching, urticaria, bronchial wheezing.

12.  Allergic Reaction (Severe)
Clinical Signs:
Dyspnea, chest pain, circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest.
 Circulatory Overload – blood administered faster than
the circulation can accommodate.
Clinical signs:
Cough, dyspnea, crackles (rales), distended neck veins,
tachycardia, hypertension.
 Sepsis – contaminated blood administered.
Clinical Signs:
High fever, vomiting, diarrhea, hypotension.

13.  Components of the blood which are collected from a
donor for us in blood transfusion.