2. What is a Protocol?
o rules of politeness in different types of social situations.
w how to act -- when to speak, when to listen, how to dress, etc.
h the same. A protocol is a set of rules that tell devices on a network
C3PO, a noted
expert on etiquette
and protocol.
3. The TCP/IP Suite
f protocols that make up the Internet, and is also standard on nearly
protocol. Rather, it is a “suite” or set of many protocols that all work
ts two most important protocols:
TCP
Transmission
Control Protocol
IP
Internet Protocol
4. Transmission Control Protocol
o establish a stable connection and exchange data.
smaller chunks suitable for transmission over the network (packets).
hat each packet is properly delivered, and places packets in the corre
ressing system – no means of finding another host. This is what IP pr
p
5. Transmission Control Protocol
ht of as numbered portals on your computer through which a specific
ypically uses port 80 to exchange information.
transport layer.
6. Internet Protocol
em of addressing. (That's why we call them IP addresses.)
osing TCP packets in IP datagrams.
n needed to get the packet from its source to its destination. Think of
networks is called internetworking. Not coincidentally, this ability is
7. Internet Protocol
were received. It has no error correction. This is what TCP provides.
ere
etween devices. This is also provided by TCP.
hat address a letter needs to go to and how to get it there. After it's d
e network layer.
8. An IP Address
dable form of a standard IP address follows the following format:
192.168.1.5
separated by a period. Each number can have up to three digits.
mbers can be less than 0. None of the numbers can be greater than 2
dress is expressed in binary – it is a string of four 8-bit binary numbe
you do about binary, why can't any number go higher than 255?
9. IP version 6
des for about 4.3 billion addresses. In January of 2011, we officially us
es u
s 128-bits and can provide up to 3.4 x 1038 (or 340,282,366,920,938,
over previous versions of IP.
000:0004
10. Terms to Remember
protocol
TCP/IP
internetworking
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Internet Protocol (IP)
packet
port
IP address
IP datagram
IPv4
IPv6
