The document summarizes key events in English history from the 1600s, including the English Civil War between King Charles I and Parliament, Oliver Cromwell's rule as Lord Protector after Charles I was executed, and the Glorious Revolution in which James II was replaced by the Protestant William and Mary. It led to limits on royal power through the English Bill of Rights and influenced demands for civil rights in the American colonies.

1. Chapter 9
• Glorious Revolution
• Enlightenment
• Secularism
• Empiricism

2. European countries rushed to
establish colonies

3. Louis XIV
• French king
• One of the most successful absolute monarchs
• Financial and social cost of absolute monarchy
was great

4. King Louis XIV

5. Charles I
• From England
• Supported the Church of Rome
• Wanted absolute power

6. Charles I

7. English Civil War
• Between Charles I and Parliament
• Charles entered the House of Commons with
soldiers and tried to arrest them
• They had escaped

8. • Oliver Cromwell lead the Parliament forces
• Overthrew the King and
• The king was tried and executed in 1649
• Cromwell ruled until his death in 1658

9. Oliver Cromwell

10. Beheading of Charles I

11. • Cromwell set up a Protectorate (like a
government)
– It set up a constitution called the Instruments of
Government
– People soon wanted another king

12. Charles II
• The son of Charles I
• Asked by the people to become the king when
Cromwell died
• He didn’t mess with Parliament but received
money from the French
– In exchange he became Roman Catholic

13. Charles II

15. James II
• Brother of Charles II
• He was a strong Roman Catholic, but he was
old so the people tolerated him
• He didn’t have any boy children yet
• When he had a son, they became worried that
they would have a Roman Catholic on the
throne for many years to come

16. James II

17. Glorious Revolution
• The people asked James II daughter and her
husband to take the throne. They were
protestant
• James II fled England rather than fight
• This transfer of power without a fight is
known as the glorious revolution

18. William of Orange and Mary
• To gain the throne, Parliament made them
sign the English Bill of Rights
– This set limits on royal power
– Provided basic rights for the English people
– Prevented future ruler from being Roman Catholic

20. William and Mary

23. • The colonists in America demanded on the
same civil rights that the English were getting
with the English Bill of Rights