Climate change change1

Climate Change: Causes and Implications for Pakistan

Climate Change: Some Definitions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Climate Change ,[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Natural Climate Variability Climate Change Natural + Anthropogenic Anthropogenic Influences since the Industrial revolution Spiraling Population High pace of Industrialization Increasing use of Fossil Fuels in Industry & Transport Deforestation for Agriculture and Urbanization

Green House Gases (GHGs) SIX types of greenhouse gases with different Global Warming Potential (GWP). Usually expressed in CO2-equivalent : Carbon dioxide GWP: 1 Hydrofluorocarbons GWP: 11,700 Methane GWP: 21 Sulphur hexafluoride GWP: 23,900 Nitrous oxide GWP: 310 Perfluorocarbons GWP: 9,200

Sector wise Energy Consumption of Pakistan Source: Pakistan Energy Yearbook 2008

Change in CO 2 Emissions in Pakistan (1971-2006)

Climate Change/Global Warming Scientific Evidence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Glaciers and Pakistan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Some Projected Changes in River Flows due to Melting of HKH Glaciers (As reported in recent studies) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Impact of Climate Change and Glacier retreat on Indus Flows Assumed Climate Change Scenario (CCS):  Temp: +3°C,  Glacier Area: - 50% Main Results: 1. Annual flows reduced by 15% 2. Intra-Annual flow pattern considerably changed

Vulnerability of Water Resources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Vulnerability ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Vulnerability of Agriculture to Climate Change in Pakistan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pakistan is highly vulnerable to climate change variability Geographic Diversity and Hazards in Pakistan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Mountains ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Plains/ deserts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Coastal Belt ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Vulnerability of Agriculture to Climate Change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Impacts on Crops ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Enhanced risk of pests and diseases ,[object Object]

Livestock ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Likely Impacts on Livestock ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Land Degradation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Impacts on Land ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Land Degradation in Pakistan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Impacts on Forestry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Impact of Climate Extreme Events ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fisheries ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Coastal Zones ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Human Health ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Human Dimensions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Impacts on Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Coping with the Climate Change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Actions on climate change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Climate change change1

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