1. What is
Bioinformatics?
Kaur Alasoo
07 June 2010
1

2. A good child has many
names
Biocomputing
Systems Biology
Bioinformatics
Computational Biology
2

3. A good child has many
names
Biocomputing
LVE
SO .
TO MS
Systems Biology RS BLE
TE RO
PU P
M AL
CO IC Bioinformatics
NG LOG
SI IO
U B
Computational Biology
2

4. Why should you care?
3

5. Why should you care?
1 It’s FUN
3

6. Why should you care?
1 It’s FUN
2 It’s essential for biology
3

7. Why should you care?
1 It’s FUN
2 It’s essential for biology
3 It applies to many fields
3

8. How is a
protein made?
4

9. We have the sequence.
What does it mean?
ACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAA
AACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAAC
TAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTC
ACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGA
GAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATAC
AAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAA
CTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGT
TAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCA
TATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAAC
5

10. We have the sequence.
What does it mean?
ACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAA
AACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAAC
TAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTC
ACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGA
300 letters
GAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATAC
AAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAA
CTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGT
TAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCA
TATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAAC
5

11. We have the sequence.
What does it mean?
ACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGA
AGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATT
GAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTA
AATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCA
CGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGG
GTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGAA
ACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCAT
ATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATT
GAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAAACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACG
TAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTA
AAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCG
GGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCC
ATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACA
CGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAA
GTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTG
TTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAAC
5000 letters
TAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACT
AAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAAC
CGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACC
GATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACC
GCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACG
TAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGT
CACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGT
AACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATC
GGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGAT
ACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACC
GATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATT
GAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATG
AAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAG
TCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAG
TCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGG
TAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCG
GGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAAACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATAC
CGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGAT
ACACGCCATATTGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACACGTACCGCATTTAAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAG
AAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAACGATACCGCCATATGTTAAGTCACGTAAATCGGGTAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGAAGTCACGTAACTAAATCGGGTAAAACCGATACAAACCGATACACGCCATATTGAGA
6

12. We have the sequence.
What does it mean?
23000 letters
7

13. We have the sequence.
What does it mean?
Human has 3.3 billion letters
8

14. How is a
protein made?
9

15. Not all genes are active
10

16. Not all genes are active
11

17. How is a
protein made?
12

18. Genes interact with
each other
13

19. Genes interact with
each other
14

20. Genes interact with
each other
15

21. Conclusion
Sequence analysis
Expression analysis
Interactions
16

22. Conclusion
Sequence analysis
LVE
Expression analysis SO .
TO MS
Interactions
RS BLE
TE RO
PU P
M AL
CO IC
NG LOG
SI IO
U B
16

23. http://xkcd.com/435/
17