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Eigenvalues
                             30
percentage of variance (%)

                             20
                             10
                             0




                                  1   2   3   4   5    6   7    8   9   10   11

                                                  Components
Individuals factor map (PCA)
                8
                6




                                                                      Chine
                                                                         q




                                                                                  USA
                4




                                                                                   q
Dim 2 (23.7%)




                      Namibie Pakistan
                      Zambie
                2




                         q
                         Y.men
                       Zimbabwe
                         Kenya
                          q
                                         q
                                                          Br.sil
                            Bangladesh
                             q
                         Cameroun
                             qq
                             Afrique_du_Sud
                                  q
                                    Egypte
                                                            q

                                Laos
                               Ghanaq Indon.sie
                                q
                                       q
                                      Bolivieq Mexique
                                  q


                                      Vietnamq q  Argentine
                0




                                           q
                                     Jordanie
                                            q                    Canada
                                        Malaisie q
                                           qFiji                    q
                                            KoweitFrance
                                              q
                                               q
                                                    Allemagne
                                                    Chiliq
                                                PortugalqJapon
                                                       Italie
                                                Royaume−Uni
                                                 q
                                                   Finlande
                                              Hong−Kong
                                                 Danemark
                                                     q Rep_Tch.que
                                                       q q q
                                                          q       Australie
                                                    Luxembourg
                                                      qqq
                                                              q
                                                                      q
                −2




                                                      q
                −4




                     −4         −2            0              2           4    6         8

                                                          Dim 1 (39.76%)
Variables factor map (PCA)
                1.0




                                                                 Irrigation
                                                               Population

                       Sous_14_ans
                0.5




                                                                                Superficie
                                                                                  Voies_Ferr.es
                             Ch.mage                                          A.roports
Dim 2 (23.7%)

                0.0




                                                    q

                                                                               ISP_par_million

                                                                      Tv_par_person
                −0.5




                                                                              Alphab.tisation
                                                                                 Esp.rance
                −1.0




                          −1.0         −0.5        0.0               0.5               1.0

                                              Dim 1 (39.76%)
Biplot of individuals and variables factor map
                6    −1.0           −0.5          0.0           0.5           1.0     1.5       2.0       2.5




                                                                                                                1.5
                                                                              Chine
                4




                                                                                                                1.0
                                                                                                USA
Dim 2 (23.7%)




                                                             Irrigation
                                                           Population
                2




                                                                                                                0.5
                          Sous_14_ans
                          Namibie       Pakistan                     Superficie
                          Zambie                                     Voies_Ferr.es
                               Ch.mage                              A.roports
                              Y.men
                               Kenya
                            Zimbabwe                         Br.sil
                                 Bangladesh
                               Cameroun
                                   Afrique_du_Sud
                                    Laos
                                   GhanaEgypte
                                              Indon.sie
                                                      Mexique




                                                                                                                0.0
                0




                                           Bolivie
                                           Vietnam Argentine ISP_par_million
                                          Jordanie                        Canada
                                             Malaisie
                                               Fiji
                                                Koweit      Tv_par_person
                                                         France
                                                        Allemagne
                                                       ChiliJapon
                                                          Italie
                                                    Portugal
                                                     Royaume−Uni




                                                                                                                −0.5
                                                  Hong−Kong
                                                      Finlande
                                                           Rep_Tch.que Australie
                                                     Danemark
                −2




                                                                 Alphab.tisation
                                                        LuxembourgEsp.rance




                     −4             −2             0              2              4          6         8

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Pca graphique

  • 1. Eigenvalues 30 percentage of variance (%) 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Components
  • 2. Individuals factor map (PCA) 8 6 Chine q USA 4 q Dim 2 (23.7%) Namibie Pakistan Zambie 2 q Y.men Zimbabwe Kenya q q Br.sil Bangladesh q Cameroun qq Afrique_du_Sud q Egypte q Laos Ghanaq Indon.sie q q Bolivieq Mexique q Vietnamq q Argentine 0 q Jordanie q Canada Malaisie q qFiji q KoweitFrance q q Allemagne Chiliq PortugalqJapon Italie Royaume−Uni q Finlande Hong−Kong Danemark q Rep_Tch.que q q q q Australie Luxembourg qqq q q −2 q −4 −4 −2 0 2 4 6 8 Dim 1 (39.76%)
  • 3. Variables factor map (PCA) 1.0 Irrigation Population Sous_14_ans 0.5 Superficie Voies_Ferr.es Ch.mage A.roports Dim 2 (23.7%) 0.0 q ISP_par_million Tv_par_person −0.5 Alphab.tisation Esp.rance −1.0 −1.0 −0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 Dim 1 (39.76%)
  • 4. Biplot of individuals and variables factor map 6 −1.0 −0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 1.5 Chine 4 1.0 USA Dim 2 (23.7%) Irrigation Population 2 0.5 Sous_14_ans Namibie Pakistan Superficie Zambie Voies_Ferr.es Ch.mage A.roports Y.men Kenya Zimbabwe Br.sil Bangladesh Cameroun Afrique_du_Sud Laos GhanaEgypte Indon.sie Mexique 0.0 0 Bolivie Vietnam Argentine ISP_par_million Jordanie Canada Malaisie Fiji Koweit Tv_par_person France Allemagne ChiliJapon Italie Portugal Royaume−Uni −0.5 Hong−Kong Finlande Rep_Tch.que Australie Danemark −2 Alphab.tisation LuxembourgEsp.rance −4 −2 0 2 4 6 8