1. UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR
FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN
CARRERA PLURILINGUE
ASIGNATURA: CURRICULO
NOMBRE: KAROL BOLAÑOS
2. POSITIVE STATEMENTS
SUBJECT + HAD + PAST PARTICIPLE
I had been (I'd been)
You had gone (you'd gone)
She had met (she'd met)
He had played (he'd played)
It had rained (it'd rained)
We had bought (we'd bought)
They had studied (they'd studied)
3. NEGATIVE STATEMENTS
SUBJECT + HAD + NOT + PAST PARTICIPLE +
COMPLEMENT
I had not been (I hadn't been)
You had not gone (you hadn't gone)
She had not met (she hadn't met)
He had not played (he hadn't played)
It had not rained (it hadn't rained)
We had not bought (we hadn't bought)
They had not studied (they hadn't studied)
4. YES/NO QUESTIONS
HAD + SUBJECT + PAST PARTICIPLE
Had I come?
Had you eaten?
Had she gone?
Had it rained?
Had he studied?
Had we met?
Had they left?
5. “WH” QUESTIONS
QUESTION WORD + HAD + SUBJECT + PAST
PARTICIPLE
When had I come?
Why had you eaten?
Where had she gone?
When had it rained?
Why had he studied?
How had we met?
When had they left?
6. USING THE PAST PERFECT
1. A completed action before something else in the past.
When we arrived, the film had started.
( first the film started, then later we arrived)
7. USING THE PAST PERFECT
2. To explain or give a reason for something in the past.
I'd eaten dinner so I wasn't hungry.
It had snowed in the night, so the bus didn't arrive.
8. USING THE PAST PERFECT
3. Stative verbs only: something that
started in the past and continued up to
another action in the past.
When he graduated, he had been in London for
six years.
( he arrived in London six years before he
graduated and lived there continuously until he
graduated, or even longer)
9. USING THE PAST PERFECT
4. Unreal or hypothetical stituations (Third conditional)
(if + past perfect, ... would + have + past participle)
If she had studied, she would have passed the exam.
If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick.
She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university
She wouldn't have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier
If I had had enough money, I would have bought you a better present.
10. USING THE PAST PERFECT
5. In reported speech : The past perfect is common when we report people's
words or thoughts.
John said that he had never eaten sushi before.
I thought I had sent her a birthday card, but I was wrong.
She told me that she had studied, but I knew she had not.
She wondered why their classmates had been so unkind to her.
