Uses of Nanotechnology: 1- Diagnosis and treatment of cancer According to the US National Cancer Institute (OTIR, 2006) “Nanotechnology will change the very foundations of cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention”. We have already seen how nanotechnology, an extremely wide and versatile field, can affect many of its composing disciplines in amazingly innovative and unpredictable ways. Q- what is cancer ? Cancer is a disease caused by normal cells changing them so that they grow in an uncontrolled way. The uncontrolled growth can cause problems in one or more of the following ways: -spreading into normal tissues nearby. -causing pressure on other body structure. -spreading to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or blood stream. The word cancer was first applied to the disease by Hippocrates (460–370 B.C.), the Greek philosopher, who used the words carcinos and carcinoma to refer to non-ulcer forming and ulcer forming tumors. The words refer to a crab, probably due to the external appearance of cancerous tumors, which have branch-like projections that resemble the claws of a crab.