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1 Madeleine Leininger: “Caring as the essence of nursing” (Transcultural Nursing Society (TNS), 2015) TRANSCULTURAL NURSING THEORY I. BACKGROUND: OVERVIEW A. Born in 1925, died 2012 in Omaha, Nebraska, Madeleine Leininger founded the theory of transcultural nursing also known as the culture care theory that was developed into a nursing discipline (TNS, 2015). B. One of the first nursing theorists, her philosophy was rooted in a Buddhist parable that proclaims that only when the observations of all are combined, does a clear image emerge (McFarland, Wehbe-Alamah, Wilson, & Vossos, 2011). C. As a frame of reference, starting in the 1950s (before the entire nation had electricity) Madeleine Leininger had the vision that the world was becoming a global community (Madeleine-leininger.com, 2015). D. Leininger believed that anthropology and nursing shared many aspects, and had a vision to blend these fields, leading to her theory: Diversity and Universality: A Worldwide Theory of Nursing (Florida Atlantic University (FAU) Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, 2011). II. BACKGROUND: THEORY DESCRIPTION A. Transcultural nursing theory 1. The Theory: A comparison of culture to study similarities and differences across different cultures. Culture universals are similarities across groups, and culture-specifics are differences among groups (Leininger, 1991). 2. The purpose: a. To develop an understanding and respect, and to acknowledge the diversity of patients in the context of culture (Madeleine-leininger.com, 2015). b. To examine the cross cultural impact on outcomes, health, illness, practice, knowledge, workforce, education, communication, technology, leadership, policy, advocacy, research and empowerment (Madeleine-leininger.com, 2015). c. To guide nurses to reflect on our own culture to incorporate effective care of people of cultures outside of our own, and care for them in the context of culture (Madeleine-leininger.com, 2015). d. To guide the discipline of nursing to take accountability for its fundamental impact on social justice and human rights and the cultural aspects of healing (Douglas, Pierce, Rosenkoetter, Pacquiao, Callister, Hattar-Pollara et al., 2011). III. BACKGROUND: ORIGINS A. In the period following world war II, many immigrants and refugees from diverse cultures were moving to the U.S and to other places worldwide (Nursing Theories, 2011). B. This necessitated the incorporation of knowledge of culture into nursing as a sound basis for the new discipline of transcultural nursing (Nursing Theories, 2011). C. Different cultures perceived, identified, and practiced care in different ways, yet there were some commonalities about care among all cultures of the world (Nursing Theories, 2011). D. Values beliefs, and practice for culturally related care were shaped by, and often embedded in the worldview language, religious or spiritual, kinship/social, political/legal, educational, economic, technological, ethno- histo ...
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Introduction
1.
INTRODUCTION Women Studies
(WS 247) Sita Minnesota State University, Moorhead, MN
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The End
Editor's Notes
This is a simple introduction about me and a woman in the National Women’s Hall of Fame obtained from www.greatwomen.org
Download now