1. Complex to simple
Rule-1: if the subject of two clause of
complex sentence including
since/as/when is same and both
clause have main verb then you have
to make it into simple by following the
given formula :
V+ ing of 1st clause + the rest of the
verb + comma + 1st clause ar subject +
the rest

2. Example:
Since the old man killed the bird, he
brought bad luck to the crew.
Killing the bird, the old man
brought bad luck to the crew.
When the thief saw the police, he
ran away.
Seeing the police, the thief ran
away.
As I had forgotten him, I went out.
Forgetting him, I went out.

3. Different: when the mutton chop arrived, she
took me to task.
On the arrival of mutton chop, she took me to
task.
Rule-2: if the subject of two clause is different
and 1st clause has
am/is/are/was/were/has/have/had then to
make simple follow the rule given.
Eliminate the since/as/when + in replace of
am/is/are/was/were use being or
has/have/had use having + 2nd clause.

4. Example:
Since the weather was very cold,
there were no birds and animals in
the snow covered country.
The weather being very cold, there
were no birds and animals in the
snow covered country.
When the meeting was over, we
went back home.
The meeting being over, we went
back home.

5. Rule-3: if the subject of the two clause is
same and the subordinate clause has be
verb ( am/is/are/was/were/has/have/had)
then make it simple in the following way.
Because of in replace of since/as + the
possessive form of subject of 1st clause +
being in replace of (am/is/are/was/were)
or having in replace of (has/have/had) +
the rest + comma + 2nd clause
Example:
Since he was small, he could not work
hard.

6. Because of his being small, he could not
work hard.
Selim was loved by the teachers as he had
integrity.
Selim was loved by the teachers because of
his having integrity.
Rule-4: the rule of making simple including
relative pronoun in complex sentence.
Write from beginning up to the relative
pronoun +eliminate the relative pronoun +
eliminate the be verb + main verb + ing
+the rest

7. Example:
The writer lived in a cabin that belonged to the
orphanage.
The writer lived in a cabin belonging to the
orphanage.
A solar pond that absorbs heat from the sun can
cook our food.
A solar pond absorbing heat from the sun can
cook our food.
Village women who are sitting on the walkways
may enjoy gossiping.
Village women sitting on the walkways may
enjoy gossiping.

8. Rule-5: the rule of making simple including
when in complex sentence which indicates
time.
Eliminate the when + eliminate the subject
and verb after when + little time at/in +
season in + age at the age of
Example:
When it was daylight, I was half awakened by
the sound of chopping .
At daylight, I was half awakened by the sound
of chopping.
When it is spring, the cuckoo sings.

9. In spring, the cuckoo sings.
When he was four, he left his village .
At the age of four, he left the village.
But if the when doesn’t mean time rather
than it means something is doing then at
the of + v + ing + the rest
Example:
When it was raining, he woke up.
At the time of raining, he woke up.

10. If the personal subject is used in
subordinate clause including when then
to make simple use possessive
pronoun.
Example:
When they were playing, it began to
rain.
At the time of their playing, it began to
rain.
When I was eating, he came.
At the time of my eating, he came.

11. Rule-6: to make simple of conditional
sentence including if negative complex
sentence.
Without + v + ing + rest + 2nd clause
Example:
If you don’t work hard, you will not prosper
in life.
Without working hard, you will not prosper
in life.
If you don’t read attentively, you will not
pass in the exam.

12. Without reading attentively, you will not
pass in the exam.
If the clause is affirmative then use by in
replace of without.
Example:
If you work hard, you can succeed in life.
By working hard, you can succeed in life.
Rule-7: to make simple including so that in
complex sentence.
Write from beginning up to so + eliminate
so up to may/might/can/could + to + the
rest of the sentence.

13. Example:
He worked hard so that he
could proper in life.
He worked hard to prosper
in life.
I read more so that I can
make a good result.
I read more to make a good
result.

14. Rule-8: to convert complex sentence
into simple including so…………..that
use the following rule.
Use too in replace of so + place the
same thing up to that + eliminate
from that to not + to + the rest
Example:
He is so weak that he cannot walk.
He is too weak to walk.

15. Rule-9 : to convert complex sentence into simple
including though/although use the following rule.
Use inspite of in replace of though/although +
possessive form of subject + being in replace of
am/is/are/was/were or having in replace of
has/have/had or ( v+ing) + the rest + 2nd clause
Example:
Though he tried heart and soul, he could not pass in
the exam.
In spite of his trying heart and soul, he could not
pass in the exam.
Although the man has vast riches, he wants more.
In spite of having vast riches, the man wants more.