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Finding the Participants:
                          Profiles, Personas, and Backgrounds




Monday, February 20, 12
Step 1: Walkthrough



Monday, February 20, 12
Step 2:
                          Audience Analysis


Monday, February 20, 12
We do this for every
                          doc in tech comm.


Monday, February 20, 12
Monday, February 20, 12
Who are the
                          stakeholders?




Monday, February 20, 12
Who is the
                          decision-maker?



Monday, February 20, 12
Who are the users?




Monday, February 20, 12
One of these things is
                           not like the others.



Monday, February 20, 12
users

Monday, February 20, 12
Who are you
                          talking to?




Monday, February 20, 12
Monday, February 20, 12
develop user profiles.



Monday, February 20, 12
Characterize users.



Monday, February 20, 12
Who are these people,
                         anyway?


Monday, February 20, 12
What’s their story?



Monday, February 20, 12
The user of our web site reservation
                system travels at least a few times a year
                and stays in a hotel each time. He or she
                typically books his or her own travel
                online, especially leisure travel. He or she
                may belong to hotel rewards programs.
                                                      ( R&C 116)




Monday, February 20, 12
does some info
                           already exist?


Monday, February 20, 12
Monday, February 20, 12
Existing Docs:
      Product Spec Documents
      BRD (Business Req. Doc)
      Marketing Studies




Monday, February 20, 12
if not, then it’s on you.



Monday, February 20, 12
Define User Groups



Monday, February 20, 12
Novice
                          Expert
                          Etc.


Monday, February 20, 12
But also:



Monday, February 20, 12
definitions will vary by
                          testing site.


Monday, February 20, 12
You get to decide
                   how users are defined.


Monday, February 20, 12
Requirements and
                 Classifiers for Selection


Monday, February 20, 12
Requirements:




Monday, February 20, 12
Requirements:
                   What participants must come into the session
                   knowing already.
                                                          (R&C 121)




Monday, February 20, 12
Classifiers:




Monday, February 20, 12
Classifiers:
                   help you put participants into categories (or
                   groups) that may explain some effects you see
                   in the test.
                                                           (R&C 121)




Monday, February 20, 12
Monday, February 20, 12
document user profiles



Monday, February 20, 12
• Age
                   • Gender
                   • Education Level
                   • Experience
                   • Skills
                   • Attitudes
                   • Culture
                   • Class / income level
Monday, February 20, 12
site-specific
                          characteristics


Monday, February 20, 12
in the end, you should
                        be able to describe


Monday, February 20, 12
range of skills
                            behaviors
                           experience


Monday, February 20, 12
Monday, February 20, 12
Every end user falls
                 somewhere within your
                       spectrum.


Monday, February 20, 12
and then within
                            categories.


Monday, February 20, 12
Determine the Number of Participants



Monday, February 20, 12
• degree of confidence required in results
                    • number of available resources to set up &
                          develop the test

                    • available of type of participants you require
                    • duration of test sessions

Monday, February 20, 12
We are humans
                          constrained by
                          space and time.


Monday, February 20, 12
internal participants:
              • Test the test
              • Exploratory research
              • “Best case” testing




Monday, February 20, 12
External participants



Monday, February 20, 12
screen & select



Monday, February 20, 12
schedule & confirm



Monday, February 20, 12

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Usability Testing Participants