Spanish Lesson 2 - N-House

1. Español 101
Lección 2
14 Mayo 2012

2. Gender of Nouns
• Most nouns that end in -o are masculine.
• Most nouns that end in -a are feminine.
• Some nouns that refer to people use the same
form for both masculine and feminine.
• Nouns that end in -sión, -ción, -dad, -tad, -tud,
-umbre are feminine.
• Many nouns that end in -ma are masculine.
• A few nouns that end in -o are feminine

3. Plurals
• Words ending in an unstressed vowel - Add
the letter "s"
• Words ending in a consonant - Add the letters
"es"
• (Y is treated as a consonant)
• Words ending in s preceded by an unstressed
vowel - The plural form is the same as the
singular form.

4. Plurals - Exceptions
• Words ending in "é" - Simply add an s.
• Words ending in "z" - Change the ending zes
to ces.
• Words ending in an accented vowel followed
by "s" or "n" - Eliminate the accent in the
plural.
• Words ending in "n" in an unstressed syllable -
Add an accent to the appropriate vowel to
maintain the correct stress.

5. I. Definite Articles
• el – the (before masculine, singular noun)
• la – the (before feminine, singular noun)
• los - the (before masculine, plural noun)
• las - the (before feminine, plural noun)

6. II. Indefinite Articles
• un – a / an (before masculine, singular noun)
• una – a / an (before feminine, singular noun)
• unos – some (before masculine, plural noun)
• unas – some (before feminine, plural noun)

7. III. Possessive Pronouns
• mi(s) – my
• tu(s) - your (fam. sing.)
• tu(s) - your (informal sing.)
• su(s) - his, her, your (formal), their
• nuestro(-a, -os, -as) - our

8. IV. Possessive Adjectives
• Mine – el mío / la mía / los míos / las mías
• Yours (familiar) – el tuyo / la tuya / los tuyos / las
tuyas
• Yours (formal), his, hers – el suyo / la suya / los
suyos / las suyas
• Ours – el nuestro / la nuestra / los nuestros / las
nuestras
• Yours (formal), theirs – el suyo / la suya / los
suyos / las suyas

9. V. Demonstrative Pronouns
A. Singular masculine
•éste - this
•ése - that
•aquél - that
B. Singular feminine
•ésta - this
•ésa - that
•aquélla - that

10. V. Demonstrative Pronouns, cont.
C. Plural masculine
•éstos - these
•ésos - those
•aquéllos - those
D. Plural feminine
•éstas - these
•ésas - those
•aquéllas - those

11. V. Demonstrative Pronouns, cont.
D. Singular neuter
•esto - this
•eso - that
•aquello - that

12. VI. How old are you?
- ¿Cuántos años tienes? / ¿Qué edad tienes?
- (Yo) tengo veintitres (23) años. ¿Y tú?
- How old are you?
- I’m 23 years old. And you?

13. VII. When is your birthday?
- ¿Cuándo es tu cumpleaños? / ¿Cuándo cumples años?
- El 14 de Agosto
- When is your birthday?
- 14th August
- ¿Cuándo naciste? / ¿Cuál es tu fecha de nacimiento?
- Yo nací el 28 de Diciembre de 1988
- When were you born? / What is your date of birth?
- I was born 28th December 1988

14. VIII. Festivities
- ¿Qué celebramos (hoy)? / ¿Cuál es la ocasión?
- Hoy se celebra el Día de la Madre / Hoy
celebramos el Día de la Madre
- What are we celebrating? / What’s the
occasion?
- Today we celebrate Mother’s Day

15. VIII. Festivities, cont.
Día del Padre Father´s Day
Año Nuevo New Year
Navidad Christmas
¡Feliz Cumpleaños! Happy Birthday!
¡Muchas Felicidades! (Many)
Congratulations!

16. IX. I’ve heard of it before. Tell me
more
- Lo había escuchado antes. Dime/Cuéntame
más...

17. X. No worries
- No te preocupes / No hay problema
- No worries / Don’t worry / No problem