The Power Of Event Chapter 2 Presentation File

1. Chapter 2
Managing the Electronic Enterprise
in the Global Event Cloud
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2. Topics covered in this Chapter
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The global event cloud
How enterprises operate in the global event cloud
Management process - going beyond workflow
Autonomous parallel, asynchronous process
The electronic enterprise
Treating the exceptional situation as normal
Enabling the human to control the electronic enterprise
Technology demands for managing the electronic
enterprise

3. 2.1 How the Global Event Cloud
Forms 1/2
● The Open Enterprise
○ Their boundaries become blurred.
○ The enterprise is becoming open to permit the
event traffic it needs to pursue its collaboration.
● The Global Event Cloud
○ a "cloud" of events rather than a "stream" because
the event traffic is not, in most cases, nicely
organized.

4. 2.1 How the Global Event Cloud
Forms 2/2
● The Electronic Enterprise
○ "Event driven"
■ whatever tools and applications are used to
automate business and enterprise
management processes,
■ those tools and applications rely on receiving
events to monitor the progress of a process and
issuing events to initiate its next stage.

5. 2.2 Operating in the Global Event
Cloud 1/3
● Enterprise management processes today typically
consist of a large number of linear workflows like this
one, loosely strung together and nested one inside
another.
● In carrying out this simple linear workflow, the
boundaries of enterprise are crossed by outgoing
ProcessOrder
and incoming events many times.
1. New Order
2. Select Vendor
3. Pick, Pack, and
Ship Product
4. Billing

6. 2.2 Operating in the Global Event
Cloud 2/3
Global Event Cloud
Process Activities
Process Order
1. New Order
2. Select Vendor
3. Pick, Pack, and
Ship Product
4. Billing
Valid Order
Valid Service
Invoice Print
Select Vendor
Serice
Requeset
Select Product
Vendor
Selected
Ship Order
Ship Quote
Ship Order
Process Rules
When a valid order is
received, select the
vendor with the lowest
price.
When a vendor is
selected, send a ship
order to the vendor's
warehouse.
GL Query
Invoice Print
Product
Shipped
Ship Reqeust
Spare Part
Query Terminate
Instance
Terminate
Instance
When a UPS routing
number is received,
terminates the
process.

7. 2.2 Operating in the Global Event
Cloud 3/3
● In Figure the ProcessOrder workflow is on the left, the
global event cloud in the center, and the rules that
drive the workflow process are on the right.
● The rules that drive the process are "reactive rules".
● These events that drive the workflow process are
transported back and forth between the activities and
the workflow rules engine by the enterprise IT layer.
The process is event driven.

8. 2.3 Going Beyond Workflow 1/2
● To enter the world of global Internet marketplace
decision making, business and management process
must meet the reduced time scales and increased
situational complexities that will be involved.
● The management processes of the electronic enterprise
will be built to optimize their execution times.
● They soon will be parallel, asynchronous processes.

9. 2.3 Going Beyond Workflow 2/2
● 3 key tech for Autonomous Parallel Processing:
○ Enterprise management processes will
■ Be completely automated and event driven.
■ Execute in parallel.
■ Make decision and communicate asynchronously.
○ The human will be taken out of the loop to make all
the activities in the process fully autonomous.
○ The human will be kept in control over the
processes by being provided with
■ Personalized, real-time viewing to make decision
■ On-the-fly modifiable process rules, including exceptional
situation handling, to modify and control processes.

10. 2.4 Parallel and Asynchronous
Processes 1/4
● The SelectVendor process is expanded into a set of
subprocesses that exectue in parallel and
asynchronously.
● All subprocesses can be executing at the same time.
ProcessOrder
1. New Order
2. Select Vendor
3. Pick, Pack, and
Ship Product
4. Billing

11. 2.4 Parallel and Asynchronous
Processes 2/4
Process Rules
Global Event Cloud
Valid
Order
Valid
Service
Serice
RFQ2
Requeset
Select
Product
GL Query
Submit RFQs when a
valid order is received
RFQ1
Invoice
Print
Ship Order
RFQ3
Ship Quote
Bid1
Invoice
Print
Bid3
Ship
Reqeust
Ship Order
Bid2
Spare Part
Query
Submit RFQs to
vendors with 90% ship
to promise history
Timing
Event
Asynchronous
Action
Accept bids for three
hours.
Select vendor with
lowet price
Send ship order to
selected vendor.
Asynchronous
Action

12. 2.4 Parallel and Asynchronous
Processes 3/4
● The patterns of events the rule engine creates and
reacts to are much more complex than in the case of
linear workflow.
● Rules trigger on sets of events (not single events),
execute in parallel, and output sets of events.
● Rules will trigger on a set of events only if the events
match a specified pattern and the context in which the
events are received is the right one.

13. 2.4 Parallel and Asynchronous
Processes 4/4
● Technology demands for achieving parallel,
asynchronous processes include:
○ Scalable complex event pattern matching, taking into
account the context or state at the time of a match
○ The ability to reuse the data in sets of events that
match a rules pattern in the creating of new events.
● We need a capability to match complex event patterns
in the global event cloud. These patterns are needed to
trigger reactive rules.

14. 2.5 On-the-Fly Process Evolution 1/3
● We cannot expect to design our processes to
foresee or react to every situation. We will need to
adjust them frequently by changing their responses to a
situation or to recognize a new situation.
● On-the-fly evolution means the ability to modify a
process without halting the rules engines or disrupting
the execution of other processes

15. 2.5 On-the-Fly Process Evolution 2/3
Process Rules
Global Event Cloud
Valid
Order
Valid
Service
Serice
RFQ2
Requeset
Select
Product
GL Query
Submit RFQs when a
valid order is received
RFQ1
Invoice
Print
Ship Order
RFQ3
Ship Quote
Bid1
Invoice
Print
Bid3
Ship
Reqeust
Ship Order
Bid2
Spare Part
Query
Submit RFQs to
Submit RFQs to all
vendors with 90% ship
qualified history
to promisevendors
Timing
Event
Accept bids for three
hours.
Select vendor under
Select first bid with
lowet price
$300
Send ship order to
selected vendor.
Modified Rule
Asynchronous
Action
Modified Rule
Asynchronous
Action

16. 2.5 On-the-Fly Process Evolution 3/3
● Technology demands for controlling and modifying
electronic processes are
○ Real-time, personalized viewing of activity at every
level in the enterprise.
○ On-the-fly process modification
○ Simulation of processes before going live

17. 2.6 Exceptions Must Be First-Class
Citizens in Process Design 1/3
● If a process fails to behave in a given situation as
specified or meets a situation for which it has no
specification, it is said to have encountered an
exception.
● So, the process design technology should let us design
normal processing and exceptional processing in the
same way.

18. 2.6 Exceptions Must Be First-Class
Citizens in Process Design 2/3
● However, there are some distinguishing problems in
dealing with exceptions
○ We must be made aware of their presence in real
time.
○ We must be able to find out what causes them
● We need a diagnostic capability to uncover the
subprocesses and events that are causally related to an
exceptional situation, and their subprocesses, and so
on, and the state of each subprocesses all the way
down the causal chain.

19. 2.6 Exceptions Must Be First-Class
Citizens in Process Design 3/3
Process Rules
Global Event Cloud
Valid
Order
Valid
Service
Serice
RFQ2
Requeset
Select
Product
GL Query
Submit RFQs when a
valid order is received
RFQ1
Invoice
Print
Ship Order
RFQ3
Ship Quote
Bid1
Invoice
Print
Bid3
Ship
Reqeust
Ship Order
Bid2
Spare Part
Query
Submit RFQs to
vendors with 90% ship
to promise history
Timing
Event
Exception
Rule
If no vendor is
selected within
three hours,
submit bids to
vendors with a
75% ship to
primise history.
Accept bids for three
hours.
Select vendor with
lowet price
Send ship order to
selected vendor.
If no vendor is
selected from
vendors with 75%
ship to primise
history, send alert
to purchasing
manager.

20. 2.7 Summary: Managing the
Electronic Enterprise
● An ability to design and deploy event-driven parallel and
asynchronous processes that can recognize complex
event situations in the global event cloud
● Process simulation as part of the design phase, before
going live
● On-the-fly modifiable processes
● Design for handling exceptional situations as an integral
part of prcess desgin
● Real-time, drill-down, event-based diagnostics, utilizing
event causality relationships, applicable to process
behavior