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Vi hedder Klean fordi vi
elsker at rydde op og forny
Jens Winther Kristensen
Partner i Klean

www.klean.dk
jens@klean.dk
(+45) 2275 9023
Arbejder til dagligt med

     - Informationsarkitektur
     - Interaktionsdesign
     - Usabilitytest

     - In short: User Experience (UX)

     - Baseret på best practice
Best Practice?

    - Der findes inden facitliste. Men forskellige former
      for belæg:


       -   direkte (f.eks. placering af søgefelt)
       -   indirekte (principper)
       -   erfaring fra implementering
       -   erfaring fra testarbejde.
Best Practice?

    - Der findes inden facitliste. Men forskellige former
      for belæg:


       -   direkte (f.eks. placering af søgefelt)
       -   indirekte (principper)
       -   erfaring fra implementering
       -   erfaring fra testarbejde.
Gestaltprincipper for visuel perception
Hvad er det?

    - Et framework som beskriver, hvordan vi opfatter de
      ting vi ser på.
    - Hovedpointe: Menneskets visuelle perception er
      holistisk. Dvs.:
    - Det vi ser, opfatter vi som strukturer og hele figurer;
      ikke fragmenter af linjer, flader og kanter.
Hvor kommer de fra?

    - Tyske psykologer i det tyvende århundrede, som ville
      beskrive hvordan visuel perception virker.


    - Siden da underbygget af resultater fra moderne
      cognitiv psykologi og neuroscience.
Hvad kan vi med dem?

    - Hæve barrieren for hvor diskussionen om design
      begynder.
    - “Objektivt” vurdere anvendeligheden af en løsning
      frem for en anden.
    - Komme videre fra “jeg føler”, “jeg synes”, “jeg
      fornemmer” (erkendt eller uerkendt).
Hvorfor har vi brug for at tænke i mønstre?
Hvor mange bidder data processerer vores hjerne i sekundet?
11.000.000
Hvor mange af dem behandles
med noget, der kan forveksles
med bevidsthed?
40
Og pointen i det?
Hvis vi ikke tager de ubevidste
processer med i betragtning, når vi
designer og snakker om design, så
overlader vi (for meget) kontrol til
tilfældighederne.
Principperne og eksempler
1. Nærhed (Proximity)




  - Elementer som er tæt på hinanden opfattes som
    grupperede.
Skema - en gruppe
Skema - tre grupper
Skema - tre grupper
Nærhed - eksempel




                    En gruppe
Nærhed - eksempel




                    To grupper
Nærhed - bad practice


                                      Fordi de står tæt,
                                      tror man, de
                                      hører sammen.
                                      Men det gør de
                                      bare ikke...



       Det næste princip er også på spil her...
2. Ensartethed (Similarity)




  - Elementer som ser ens ud opfattes som grupperede.
Skema - en gruppe
Skema - Tre grupper (måske to)
Ensartethed - bad practice

                             Fordi de har stor
                             lighed,
                             tror man, de
                             hører sammen.
                             Men det gør de
                             bare ikke...
Ensartethed - best practice
         Ensartet markering = gruppe

                                       De markerede
                                       elementer er
                                       valgt ud som en
                                       undergruppe på
                                       listen, og nu kan
                                       jeg “gøre noget”
                                       med dem, som
                                       ikke sker for de
                                       andre.
3. Common Fate


    - Elementer der sættes i bevægelse sammen opfattes
     som en gruppe.
    - Web: avancerede web apps
www.vw.co.uk
          Ghostede biler på vej ud...
4. Kontinuitet (Continuity)




  - Vi ser i kontinuerte former frem for afkoblede elementer.
Skema - kontinuitet



                      Det her er ikke to
                      separate orange
                      og to separate
                      blå elementer.
Kontinuitet - Over/ under folden




         Folden er dér, hvor siden “stopper”.
Kontinuitet - Over/ under folden




           Der er mere under folden her.
5. Afsluttethed (Closure)




  - Tomme områder opfattes som en del af elementet.
Skema - Afsluttethed (Closure)




                                 Dette er ikke en
                                 cirkel.
Skema - Afsluttethed (Closure)




                                 Her er ingen
                                 trekant.
Linjer uden streg...




Her er ingen
linje.
Linjer uden streg...




Her er heller
ingen linje.
6. Symmetri




  - Hvis symmetri er en mulighed, så er det det, vi ser.
Skema - Symmetri


                   Kan denne figur
                   beskrives mere
                   enkelt en “to ens
                   kvadrater, som
                   overlapper
                   hinanden”?
Eksempel - Symmetri i footer




        To spalter med to forskellige grupper
Eksempel - Symmetri i footer




        Fem spalter med to forskellige grupper
7. Forgrund/baggrund




  - Adskillelse i forgrund med objektet, som har fokus,
    og så baggrund, som så er alt det andet.
Skema - Forgrund/baggrund
Eksempel - Åbne overlay
           Siden bliver til baggrund
Eksempel - Lukke overlay
         Siden kommer i forgrund igen
Og hvor bringer alt det her os hen?
Væk fra...


  Jeg føler at...


                    Jeg tror at...


                                     Jeg fornemmer at...
Over til...

  Når noget følger det her mønster...




        Så ved, vi at det bliver opfattet sådan her...



                                        Derfor vælger vi...
Spørgsmål...
Hvis du vil vide mere....
Designing with the Mind in Mind

                           - Jeff Johnson
                           - 2010
                           - Endeløse rækker af
                             anvendelige facts
                             om perception og
                             deres relevans for
                             design.
Neuro Web Design


                   - Susan M. Weinschenk
                   - 2010
                   - Lidt tendens til det
                    letkøbte, men det
                    basale neuro-stuff er
                    ret godt.
Principles of Beautiful Web Design



                           - Jason Beaird
                           - 2010 (2. ed.)
                           - Mange gode detaljer
                             om farver og struktur.
                             mange eksempler.
Don’t Make Me Think

                      - Steve Krug
                      - 2006 (2. ed.)
                      - Stadig den bedste
                        bog på markedet om
                        usability.
                      - Det meste af det
                        vigtigste.
Gestaltprincipper for visuel perception oplæg 30.06.2011
Gestaltprincipper for visuel perception oplæg 30.06.2011

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Gestaltprincipper for visuel perception oplæg 30.06.2011