Doctrine in the Real World

doctrine
Doctrine in the Real World
Real world examples

Tuesday, February 8, 2011

My name is
Jonathan H. Wage


• PHP Developer for 10+ years
• Long time Symfony and Doctrine
contributor

• Published Author
• Entrepreneur
• Currently living in Nashville, Tennessee


I work full-time for
OpenSky
http://shopopensky.com


Previously employed by
SensioLabs


What is OpenSky?


A new way to shop

• OpenSky connects you with innovators,
trendsetters and tastemakers.You choose
the ones you like and each week they invite
you to their private online sales.


We Love OpenSource
• PHP 5.3

• Apache2

• Symfony2

• Doctrine2

• jQuery

• mule, stomp, hornetq

• MongoDB

• nginx

• varnish


We don’t just use open
source projects


We help build them


OpenSky has some of
the top committers in
Symfony2 and other
projects


Symfony2 OpenSky
Committers
• 65 Kris Wallsmith

• 52 Jonathan H. Wage

• 36 Jeremy Mikola

• 36 Bulat Shakirzyanov

•6 Justin Hileman


Doctrine MongoDB
Committers




MongoDB ODM
Committers



• 13 Steven Surowiec

• 2 Jeremy Mikola


Sorry to bore you


Moving on to the stuff
you came here for


OpenSky uses Doctrine
ORM and ODM


Why?


We are an eCommerce
site


Actions involving
commerce need
transactions


ORM and MySQL

• Order
• OrderTransaction
• OrderShipment


ODM and MongoDB
• Product
• Seller
• Supplier
• User
• ... basically everything else that is not
involving $$$ and transactions


Blending the Two


Deﬁning our Product
Document


/** @mongodb:Document(collection="products") */
class Product
{
/** @mongodb:Id */
private $id;

/** @mongodb:String */
private $title;

public function getId()
{
return $this->id;
}

public function getTitle()
{
return $this->title;
}

public function setTitle($title)
{
$this->title = $title;
}
}


Deﬁning our Order
Entity


/**
* @orm:Entity
* @orm:Table(name="orders")
* @orm:HasLifecycleCallbacks
*/
class Order
{
/**
* @orm:Id @orm:Column(type="integer")
* @orm:GeneratedValue(strategy="AUTO")
*/
private $id;

/**
* @orm:Column(type="string")
*/
private $productId;

/**
* @var DocumentsProduct
*/
private $product;

// ...
}


Setting the Product

public function setProduct(Product $product)
{
$this->productId = $product->getId();
$this->product = $product;
}


• $productId is mapped and persisted
• but $product which stores the Product
instance is not a persistent entity property


Order has a reference
to product?

• How?
• Order is an ORM entity stored in MySQL
• and Product is an ODM document stored
in MongoDB


Loading Product ODM
reference in Order
Entity


Lifecycle Events to the
Rescue


EventManager

• Event system is controlled by the EventManager
• Central point of event listener system
• Listeners are registered on the manager
• Events are dispatched through the manager


Add EventListener

$eventListener = new OrderPostLoadListener($dm);
$eventManager = $em->getEventManager();
$eventManager->addEventListener(
array(DoctrineORMEvents::postLoad), $eventListener
);


In Symfony2 DI
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://www.symfony-project.org/schema/dic/services"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.symfony-project.org/schema/dic/services http://www.symfony-project.org/
schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd">

<parameters>
<parameter key="order.post_load.listener.class">OrderPostLoadListener</parameter>
</parameters>

<services>
<service id="order.post_load.listener" class="%order.post_load.listener.class%" scope="container">
<argument type="service" id="doctrine.odm.mongodb.default_document_manager" />
<tag name="doctrine.orm.default_event_listener" event="postLoad" />
</service>
</services>
</container>


OrderPostLoadListener
use DoctrineODMMongoDBDocumentManager;
use DoctrineORMEventLifecycleEventArgs;

class OrderPostLoadListener
{
public function __construct(DocumentManager $dm)
{
$this->dm = $dm;
}

public function postLoad(LifecycleEventArgs $eventArgs)
{
// get the order entity
$order = $eventArgs->getEntity();

// get odm reference to order.product_id
$productId = $order->getProductId();
$product = $this->dm->getReference('MyBundle:DocumentProduct', $productId);

// set the product on the order
$em = $eventArgs->getEntityManager();
$productReflProp = $em->getClassMetadata('MyBundle:EntityOrder')
->reflClass->getProperty('product');
$productReflProp->setAccessible(true);
$productReflProp->setValue($order, $product);
}
}


All Together Now
// Create a new product and order
$product = new Product();
$product->setTitle('Test Product');
$dm->persist($product);
$dm->flush();

$order = new Order();
$order->setProduct($product);
$em->persist($order);
$em->flush();

// Find the order later
$order = $em->find('Order', $order->getId());

// Instance of an uninitialized product proxy
$product = $order->getProduct();

// Initializes proxy and queries the monogodb database
echo "Order Title: " . $product->getTitle();
print_r($order);


Seamless

• Documents and Entities play together like
best friends
• Because Doctrine persistence remains
transparent from your domain this is
possible


print_r($order)
Order Object
(
[id:EntitiesOrder:private] => 53
[productId:EntitiesOrder:private] => 4c74a1868ead0ed7a9000000
[product:EntitiesOrder:private] => ProxiesDocumentProductProxy Object
(
[__isInitialized__] => 1
[id:DocumentsProduct:private] => 4c74a1868ead0ed7a9000000
[title:DocumentsProduct:private] => Test Product
)

)


Example from Blog

• This example was ﬁrst written on my
personal blog http://jwage.com

• You can read the blog post here http://
jwage.com/2010/08/25/blending-the-
doctrine-orm-and-mongodb-odm/


MongoDB ODM
SoftDelete Functionality


I like my deletes soft,
not hard


Deleting data is
dangerous business


Flickr accidentally
deleted a pro members
account and 4000
pictures


They were able to
restore it later but it
took some time


Instead of deleting, simply
set a deletedAt ﬁeld


Install SoftDelete
Extension for Doctrine
MongoDB ODM
http://github.com/doctrine/mongodb-odm-softdelete

$ git clone git://github.com/doctrine/mongodb-odm-softdelete src/
vendor/doctrine-mongodb-odm-softdelete


Autoload Extension
$loader = new UniversalClassLoader();
$loader->registerNamespaces(array(
// ...
'DoctrineODMMongoDBSoftDelete' => __DIR__.'/vendor/doctrine-mongodb-odm-
softdelete/lib',
));
$loader->register();


Raw PHP Conﬁguration

use DoctrineODMMongoDBSoftDeleteUnitOfWork;
use DoctrineODMMongoDBSoftDeleteSoftDeleteManager;
use DoctrineCommonEventManager;

// $dm is a DocumentManager instance we should already have
use DoctrineODMMongoDBSoftDeleteConfiguration;

$config = new Configuration();
$uow = new UnitOfWork($dm, $config);
$evm = new EventManager();
$sdm = new SoftDeleteManager($dm, $config, $uow, $evm);


Symfony2 Integration
http://github.com/doctrine/mongodb-odm-softdelete-bundle

$ git clone git://github.com/doctrine/mongodb-odm-softdelete-bundle.git
src/vendor/doctrine-mongodb-odm-softdelete-bundle


Autoload the Bundle

$loader = new UniversalClassLoader();
$loader->registerNamespaces(array(
// ...
'DoctrineODMMongoDBSymfonySoftDeleteBundle' => __DIR__.'/vendor/doctrine-
mongodb-odm-softdelete-bundle',
));
$loader->register();


Register the Bundle
public function registerBundles()
{
$bundles = array(
// ...

// register doctrine symfony bundles
new DoctrineODMMongoDBSymfonySoftDeleteBundleSoftDeleteBundle()
);

// ...

return $bundles;
}


Enable the Bundle

// app/config/config.yml

doctrine_mongodb_softdelete.config: ~


SoftDeleteManager

$sdm = $container->get('doctrine.odm.mongodb.soft_delete.manager');


SoftDeleteable
ODM Documents must implement this interface

interface SoftDeleteable
{
function getDeletedAt();
function isDeleted();
}


User implements
SoftDeletable
/** @mongodb:Document */
class User implements SoftDeleteable
{
/** @mongodb:Date @mongodb:Index */
private $deletedAt;

public function getDeletedAt()
{
return $this->deletedAt;
}

public function isDeleted()
{
return $this->deletedAt !== null ? true : false;
}
}


SoftDelete a User
$user = new User('jwage');
// ...
$dm->persist($user);
$dm->flush();

// later we can soft delete the user jwage
$user = $dm->getRepository('User')->findOneByUsername('jwage');
$sdm->delete($user);
$sdm->flush();


Query Executed
db.users.update(
{
_id : {
$in : [new ObjectId('1234567891011123456')]
}
},
{
$set : {
deletedAt: new Date()
}
}
)


Restore a User

// now again later we can restore that same user
$user = $dm->getRepository('User')->findOneByUsername('jwage');
$sdm->restore($user);
$sdm->flush();


Query Executed
db.users.update(
{
_id : {
$in : [new ObjectId('1234567891011123456')]
}
},
{
$unset : {
deletedAt: true
}
}
)


Limit cursors to only
show non deleted users

$qb = $dm->createQueryBuilder('User')
->field('deletedAt')->exists(false);
$query = $qb->getQuery();
$users = $query->execute();


Get only deleted users

->field('deletedAt')->exists(true);


Restore several deleted
users
->field('deletedAt')->exists(true)
->field('createdAt')->gt(new DateTime('-24 hours'));

foreach ($users as $user) {
$sdm->restore($user);
}
$sdm->flush();


Soft Delete Events

class TestEventSubscriber implements DoctrineCommonEventSubscriber
{
public function preSoftDelete(LifecycleEventArgs $args)
{
$document = $args->getDocument();
- preDelete }
$sdm = $args->getSoftDeleteManager();

- postDelete public function getSubscribedEvents()
{
- preRestore }
return array(Events::preSoftDelete);

- postRestore }

$eventSubscriber = new TestEventSubscriber();
$evm->addEventSubscriber($eventSubscriber);


Symfony2 and
supervisor
http://supervisord.org/


What is supervisor?


Supervisor is a client/server system
that allows its users to monitor and
control a number of processes on
UNIX-like operating systems.

http://supervisord.org


Daemonize a Symfony2
Console Command
with supervisor


Scenario

• You want to send an e-mail when new
users register in your system.
• But, sending an e-mail directly from your
action introduces a failure point to your
stack.
• ....What do you do?


Tailable Cursor
• Use a tailable mongodb cursor
• Tail a NewUser document collection
• Insert NewUser documents from your
actions
• The daemon will instantly process the
NewUser after it is inserted and dispatch
the e-mail


Deﬁne NewUser
namespace MyCompanyBundleMyBundleDocument;

/**
* @mongodb:Document(collection={
* "name"="new_users",
* "capped"="true",
* "size"="100000",
* "max"="1000"
* }, repositoryClass="MyCompanyBundleMyBundleDocumentNewUserRepository")
*/
class NewUser
{
/** @mongodb:Id */
private $id;

/** @mongodb:ReferenceOne(targetDocument="User") */
private $user;

/** @mongodb:Boolean @mongodb:Index */
private $isProcessed = false;

// ...
}


Create Collection
• The NewUser collection must be capped in
order to tail it so we need to create it.
• Luckily, Doctrine has a console command
for it.
• It will read the mapping information we
conﬁgured and create the collection

$ php app/console doctrine:mongodb:schema:create --class="MyBundle:NewUser" --collection


Insert NewUser upon
Registration
public function register()
{
// ...

$user = new User();
$form = new RegisterForm('register', $user, $validator);

$form->bind($request, $user);
if ($form->isValid()) {
$newUser = new NewUser($user);
$dm->persist($newUser);
$dm->persist($user);
$dm->flush();

// ...
}
// ...
}


The Daemon Console
Command

• You can ﬁnd the console command code to
use to tail a cursor here:
• https://gist.github.com/812942


Executing Console
Command
$ php app/console doctrine:mongodb:tail-cursor MyBundle:NewUser findUnProcessed
new_user.processor

• The command requires 3 arguments:

• document - the name of the document to tail

• finder - the repository finder method used to get the cursor

• processor - the id of the service used to process the new
users


ﬁndUnProcessed()

• We need the ﬁndUnProcessed() method to
class NewUserRepository extends DocumentRepository
{
return the unprocessed cursor to tail
public function findUnProcessed()
{
return $this->createQueryBuilder()
->field('isProcessed')->equals(false)
->getQuery()
->execute();
}
}


NewUserProcessor
We need a service id new_user.processor with a
process(OutputInterface $output, $document) method
use Swift_Message;
use SymfonyComponentConsoleOutputOutputInterface;

class NewUserProcessor
{
private $mailer;

public function __construct($mailer)
{
$this->mailer = $mailer;
}

public function process(OutputInterface $output, $document)
{
}
}


Send the e-mail
public function process(OutputInterface $output, $document)
{
$user = $document->getUser();

$message = Swift_Message::newInstance()
->setSubject('New Registration')
->setFrom('noreply@domain.com')
->setTo($user->getEmail())
->setBody('New user registration')
;
$this->mailer->send($message);

$document->setIsProcessed(true);
}


Daemonization
• Now, how do we really daemonize the
console command and keep it running 24
hours a day, 7 days a week?

• The answer is supervisor, it will allow us to
conﬁgure a console command for it to
manage the process id of and always keep
an instance of it running.


Install supervisor
http://supervisord.org/installing.html

$ easy_install supervisor


Configure a Profile
• We need to configure a profile for supervisor to
know how to run the console command
/
$ vi /etc/supervisor/conf.d/tail-new-user.conf
r
[program:tail-new-user]
numprocs=1
startretries=100
directory=/
stdout_logfile=/path/to/symfonyproject/app/logs/tail-new-user-supervisord.log
autostart=true
autorestart=true
user=root
command=/usr/local/bin/php /path/to/symfonyproject/app/console
doctrine:mongodb:tail-cursor MyBundle:NewUser findUnprocessed
new_user.processor

Start supervisord
• Start an instance of supervisord
• It will run as a daemon in the background
• The tail-new-user.conf will always be
running

$ supervisord


Where do I use
supervisor?
• sociallynotable.com
• Indexes tweets with links to Amazon.com
products
• Maintains statistics on each product and
lets you shop the popular products each
day


sn:watch-twitter
console command


I can manually start it


But, what if it crashes
or stops unexpectedly?


This is exactly what
supervisor is for


Setup a conﬁguration proﬁle for supervisor
and it will ensure the console command is
always running


[program:watch-twitter]
numprocs=1
startretries=100000000000
directory=/
stdout_logﬁle=/var/www/vhosts/sociallynotable.com/socially-notable/sociallynotable/logs/watch-twitter-supervisord.log
autostart=true
autorestart=true
user=root
command=/usr/local/bin/php /var/www/vhosts/sociallynotable.com/socially-notable/sociallynotable/console sn:watch-twitter


Now when I start supervisor the
twitter watcher will always
remain running. Even if I kill the
pid myself, it will start back up.


Thanks!
I hope this presentation was useful to you!


Questions?
- http://jwage.com
- http://shopopensky.com
- http://sociallynotable.com
- http://twitter.com/jwage
- http://facebook.com/jwage
- http://about.me/jwage


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