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Life In The Roman Empire
- 2. The Empire Begins Civil war destroyed remains of the Republic 3 supporters of Caesar rose against the assassins Octavian - Caesar’s adopted son Mark Antony - experienced general Lepidus - powerful politician 43 B.C. ruled Rome as Second Triumvirate 10 years
- 5. Second Triumvirate Drama Octavian forced Lepidus to retire Antony and Octavian became rivals Antony fell in love with Cleopatra, followed her to Egypt Octavian accused Antony of ruling Rome from Egypt Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra at battle of Actium in 31 B.C. Antony and Cleopatra commit suicide
- 7. Augustus Caesar Octavian became unchallenged ruler of Rome Accepted titles of Augustus and Imperator Began time of peace in Rome Pax Romana Empire now ruled by one man
- 8. A Vast and Powerful Empire Rome at peak of power 27 B.C. to 180 A.D. Peace reigned in empire for 207 years A time known as Pax Romana – “Roman peace”
- 9. Map of Roman Empire million square miles in million people lived in •3 •1 size Rome itself of 60-80 million •Population
- 10. A Stable Government Held empire together by efficient government and smart rulers Augustus was Rome’s most able emperor
- 11. Augustus’s Reforms Accomplishments of Augustus Stabilized the frontier Glorified Rome with beautiful public buildings Created a long-lasting system of government Set up a civil service Paying workers to manage government affairs Ex. Tax collection, postal system Included plebeians and slaves Allowed them to help administer the empire
- 12. Augustus Dies Augustus died in 14 A.D. • But government remained stable • B/c of civil servants performing day to day operations •
- 13. Roman Empire 200 A.D. controlled empire from Spain to Persia, North Africa •Romans to Britain diverse empire – people of different •Very languages, cultures, customs
- 14. Agriculture and Trade 90% of people in the Empire farmed People survived on food produced in their local area Additional food, luxuries were obtained through trade Vast trading network Ships protected by Roman navy Traded w/ Greece, Anatolia, India, China Common currency – the denarius made trade easier Silver coin introduced during Augustus’s time
- 15. Roads of Rome Also had a network of roads connecting Rome to places like Persia, Southern Russia
- 16. Ancient Roads of Rome
- 17. The Roman World Values Lifestyle Discipline Most lived in countryside Strength Farmers Loyalty Philosophers, slaves, Power merchants, soldiers, a Usefulness nd foreigners all Gravitas – shared the cities dignity, duty Very diverse
- 18. Slaves and Captivity Slaves 1/3 of population Worked in cities, on farms Most were conquered peoples Often treated poorly Could be bought & sold Some were forced to become Property of their owner gladiators Treated as their Rebellion was masters saw fit common
- 19. Gods and Goddesses Gods and Goddesses Numina – Linked w/ spirits, forces that government resided in everything Important Lares – guardian gods/goddesses: spirits of each family Jupiter Gave names to gods, goddesses Juno Honored them Minerva through various Also required to rituals worship the emperor
- 20. Society and Culture The Wealthy The Poor Lived extravagantly Most people were Spent $ on unemployed homes, gardens, sal Supported by daily ves, luxuries ration of grain Hosted banquets for Lived in rundown hours tenements Served expensive foods
- 21. Society and Culture Games and Entertainment Government provided games, races, mock battles, gladiator contests to control/distract people 150 holidays a year for events like this Held at the Colosseum – 50,000 people Combat b/w people, animals, etc.
- 22. Christianity Emerges Christianity began to emerge, but not without brutality and hardship
- 23. For next class… Read Chapter 6, Section 3 Blog Post Terms due: 26 – ODD March March 27 - EVEN