News, Media, power, lobby, public affairs, Spain

1. News, Media and Power Juan Luis Manfredi, Ph.D. January, 2010

2. The Sociology of Spanish Media System

3. Spain comes into democracy in 1978 Now, it is a case of successful transition to liberal democracy However, there’s a strong relationship between the media and the political establishment The public service broadcasting never existed in the British sense of the word (BBC paradigm) Continuing news oligopoly Until today, the commercial market is weak

4. Professionalization? The journalism tradition connects the political and the literary roots It means substantial emphasis to commentary, literature and op-ed They use to be part of the cultural elite of the country! Formal education in Journalism in relatively new (50 years) Newspapers (more than other media) tend to represent distinct political tendencies One survey of Spanish journalist shows that more than 85% believed information and opinion were often mixed

5. Constitutional guidelines in Media Law

6. The media started a new era in 1978, just after the approval of the Constitución Española The Law recognizes two basic citizens’ rights 1.- Freedom of speech and the press (article 20) 2.- Freedom of enterprise (article 38) Both rights are well-developed underpinning the practice of journalism in Spain Let’s see how.

9. Main characteristics of the Spanish Media Companies

11. (6) Typology of media groups Main players Telefonica and PRISA Players with important foreign capital Telecinco (Mediaset) Unidad Editorial (Rizzoli) Planeta (A3 50% with De Agostini and RTL) Growing groups Mediapro (Imagina) Auna Family groups Zeta Godó Regional and family groups Joly Prensa Ibérica Grupo Voz

12. The Daily Press

14. Total readers (million people)

15. Daily readers (million people/day)

18. ABC Based on Madrid and founded in 1903 728.000 daily readers Owned by Vocento Traditionally, linked to the Monarchy and the Catholic Church Very influential in the right wing The only Berliner daily in Spain! El Mundo Based on Madrid and founded in 1989 1,3M daily readers Owned by Unidad Editorial Similar to British tabloids Right wing oriented

19. La Razón Based on Madrid and founded in 1998 355.000 daily readers Owned by Planeta Liberal economics and very conservative politics (Osservatore) Few, but loyal readers Público Based on Madrid and founded in 2007 238.000 daily readers Owned by Mediapro Youngest daily Left oriented

20. La Vanguardia Based on Barcelona and founded in 1881 731.000 daily readers Owned by Godó Critical support to regional parties and its causes (and excellent international reports!) Catalonian middle-class

21. Expansión Based on Madrid 194.000 daily readers Owned by Unidad Editorial The most influential economic newspaper Growing audience

22. The TV

23. The Spanish people watch TV 229 minutes daily

24. Public Service Broadcasting National and regional level Highly pressured by political parties Now, in process of depoliticization RTVE Officially, controlled by the Parliament It operates radio, TV and Internet media, as well as TVE International and Radio Exterior de España

25. FORTA Regional radio and TVs federation 12 regional channels dependent on regional Parliaments International broadcast via satellite platforms Cities and councils About 500 local public radio stations depending on the Town Hall Not so interesting

26. Antena 3 Based on Madrid and founded in 1989 About 17,5% Owned by Planeta Tele 5 Based on Madrid and founded in 1989 About 17,5% Owned by Mediaset

27. La Sexta Based on Madrid and founded in 2007 About 8% Owned by Mediapro - Imagina Cuatro Based on Madrid and founded in 2005 (1989) About 7,5% Owned by Tele 5, formerly by PRISA Really interesting case of the market: before Cuatro, it was Canal Plus

28. Digital Plus Leader option in PPV and thematic TV provider Owned by PRISA Not interesting business, despite its popularity Mature market, but where’s the money? Other DDT Emerging market Nice opportunity to develop niche contents in the audiovisual market Gol TV: niche TV broadcasts only soccer and it has 1M suscribers

29. The radio

30. Radio is a really influential mass media It dominates the political agenda thanks to early morning news It is market with about 23M daily listeners The average is 108 minutes daily How?

31. General radio includes news and entertainment There are five big stations

32. The Internet

33. Broadband penetration

34. Daily users (%)

36. Audiences

37. AIMC: ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH ON MEDIA http://www.aimc.es Activities include audience measurement AIMC publishes every three months the General Media Study (EGM) which measures the ratings of the press, radio, Internet television in Spain. EGI: GENERAL STUDY OF INTERNET http://www.estudiogeneraldeinternet.com Madrid-based company that produces studies for hearing on websites in Spain.

38. OJD: OFFICE OF JUSTIFICATION FOR DISTRIBUTION http://www.ojd.es Official data from Spanish Newspaper circulation. It also allows access to data dissemination conventional paper media. Updated monthly. Very controversial office SOFRES MEDIA AUDIENCE http://www.sofresam.com It provides data weekly audience figures reached by the national television channels and regional.

39. Thanks! More Questions? More Answers? Now? Later? See you online! [email_address] ciberdemocracia.blogspot.com

40. Thank you!