SEO is the process of improving the volume or quality of traffic to a website from search engines through search results. There are different types of search engine optimization techniques including white hat SEO, which relies on quality content, black hat SEO, which uses spamming techniques, and grey hat SEO, which uses some white hat and black hat techniques. On-page optimization is an important first step and includes optimizing title tags, meta tags, and other on-page elements. Pay-per-click advertising involves advertisers paying the host when an ad is clicked, with costs calculated per click, impression, or conversion. Affiliate marketing enables merchants to generate e-commerce revenue without direct sales by paying commissions to affiliate