Hablar en público: una oportunidad para brillar
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Hablar en público puede ser una oportunidad para brillar. Dominar las técnicas de comunicación en público es fundamental para mejorar nuestra eficacia personal y profesional. Este es el resumen de la presentación que realizó José María Palomares en l
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Hablar en público: una oportunidad para brillar
- 1. UNA OPORTUNIDAD PARA BRILLAR HABLAR EN PÚBLICO José María Palomares twitter: @chemapalomares blog: www.josemariapalomares.com
- 3. • ¿Has pensado alguna vez a cuántas presentaciones como la tuya ha tenido que escuchar tu cliente / colega / jefe…?
- 4. “The presentation is to make an emotional sale” Seth Godin
- 5. 1. MENSAJE 2. AUDIENCIA 3. TÉCNICAS 4. RECOMENDACIONES 5. FUENTES DE INSPIRACIÓN
- 6. 1 Mensaj e
- 8. ¿Cuál es mi idea fuerza fundamental?
- 9. 1 Mensaje Concentra tu idea fuerza en una frase clara y concreta, que marque el sentido de la presentación y dé a la audiencia una razón para escucharte. Y exprésala desde el principio.
- 10. ¿Podría pasar el test del ascensor?
- 11. Si no puedes explicarlo de forma sencilla, es que no lo entiendes bien. Albert Einstein
- 12. fácil • Limita el número de ideas a comunicar.
- 13. fácil • Asegúrate de que la información es clara, está bien organizada y es fácil de seguir.
- 14. fácil ¿5 Gb or 1.000 canciones en tu bolsillo?
- 15. concret o • Concéntrate sólo en la información relevante “El secreto para ser aburrido es contarlo todo” Voltaire.
- 16. concret o • Habla en términos de beneficios para la audiencia
- 17. corto Lo bueno, si breve… http://www.speakingaboutpresenting.com/content/7-ways-audience-attention-presentation/
- 18. 2 Audiencia
- 19. ¿Qué debemos conocer de nuestra audiencia?
- 20. • Número • Idioma • Background • Actitud • Expectativas Audienci • Quién es quien a
- 21. …¿y quién eres tú para tu audiencia? • Tu rol: experto, jefe, proveedor, cliente, etc. • Tu reputación (y la de tu organización) Audienci a
- 22. Con esa información… • adapta tu estilo y tu lenguaje • decide si conviene la interacción • da la información adecuada (cantidad y calidad) Audiencia
- 23. 3T écn icas • Storytelling • Anécdotas y experiencias personales • Repetición • Citas y testimonios • Lenguaje no verbal
- 24. S t o r y t e ll in g • Cuéntame un cuento. • Método probado para comunicar de forma efectiva y generar empatía • Una forma de Martin Luther King dijo ‘I have a dream,’ “enganchar” e inspirar a no ‘I have a strategy and a vision’. la audiencia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oXtd_XRb3U
- 25. A n é c d o ta s Obama incorpora muchas anécdotas y experiencias personales para reforzar su mensaje y persuadir a su audiencia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOR3n68Qf2w
- 26. R e p e t i c ió n • Garantiza que tu mensaje se interioriza. • Puedes decir lo mismo de mil formas distintas. • Recomendado para la idea fuerza y para explicar conceptos complejos.
- 27. C it a s “Menos es más” Van Der Rohe (1886-1969), arquitecto y diseñador • Refuerza el mensaje y aporta credibilidad
- 28. al L e n g u a je n o v e rb • 93 % de la comunicación es no verbal* *Prof. A. Mehrabian: 7% of information is given by words, 38% by the voice and 55% by body language
- 29. al L e n g u a je n o v e rb • Actitud amable: ¡sonreir es gratis! Las emociones positivas ayudan a conectar con la audiencia. • Contacto visual • Muestra entusiasmo y energía.
- 30. al L e n g u a je n o v e rb • Aspecto: “Nunca tendrás una segunda oportunidad para causar una primera impresión”
- 31. al L e n g u a je n o v e rb • Sé natural: muévete, camina, usa tus manos… • No te escondas detrás del atril • Ten cuidado con tus tics (gestos, coletillas, ….)
- 33. P re p a ra c ió n Visualiza, planifica y desarrolla tus ideas en un papel antes de abrir el ordenador. Tómate tu tiempo: una buena preparación es el 80% del éxito Evita el “corta y pega”
- 34. P re p a ra c ió n • 1/3 pensar y guionizar • 1/3 hacer la presentación • 1/3 ensayar
- 35. La palabra puede ser muy efectiva, pero no hay nada más efectivo que una buena pausa Mark Twain
- 36. Slides • Elige una fuente fácil de leer y entender • Sólo una o dos
- 37. Slides • Atención al tamaño y a los colores (deben contrastar con el fondo)
- 38. Slides • Evita las animaciones, sonidos, efectos… … normalmente distraen y no añaden ningún valor
- 39. Slides • Sólo información relevante: titulares.
- 41. Slides • Haz slides visuales. • No más de una o dos imágenes • ¡Que tengan sentido!
- 42. UNA IMAGEN VALE MÁS QUE MIL PALABRAS
- 44. Tiempo • Respeta a tu audiencia: haz un buen uso del tiempo • Regla del 80%
- 45. Ensayo • Búscate una audiencia y pídele su opinión “Nada clarifica tanto las ideas como explicárselas a otras personas” Vernon Booth (Autor de “Communicating in Science”)
- 46. Si yo puedo hacerlo, tú también.
- 47. s de ins piración 5 Fuente
- 48. Slideshar e
- 49. Imágenes • PHOTOXPRESS (http://www.photoxpress.com/) • COMPFIGHT (http://www.compfight.com/) • GOOGLE IMAGES (http://images.google.com/)
- 50. Imágenes • iSTOCKPHOTO (http://www.istockphoto.com/) • SHUTTERSTOCK (http://www.shutterstock.com/) • FOTOLIA (http://en.fotolia.com/) • DREAMSTIME (http://www.dreamstime.com/) • GETTYIMAGES (http://www.gettyimages.com/)
- 51. talks
- 52. L ib ro s
- 53. L ib r o s
- 55. UNA OPORTUNIDAD PARA BRILLAR HABLAR EN PÚBLICO José María Palomares twitter: @chemapalomares blog: www.josemariapalomares.com
Notas do Editor
- Here we have the ingredients for a good presentation. Message, audience, techniques and recommendations are the issues I am going to develop today for you. We’ll have a look to the things you don’t have to do and to some inspiration’s sources as well. Let’s start with the first one: the message.
- The idea. The main idea. The key message we want to deliver to our audience in terms not only of information, but also in terms of the feelings we want to provocke onto our audience.
- The main idea should be the answer to the question: What is my absolutely central point?
- The idea must be relevant, not only for you, but also for your audience. When I say relevant I´m also trying to say interesting and meaningful for the people who is attending to your presentation. Obviously in this idea must be included the main purpose of our speech and the feeling you want to provoque on the audicence. The main idea must be also: SIMPLE, EASY, CONCRETE, CREDIBLE AND WELL STRUCTURED. How do we do that? It is not very difficult.
- If you want to know if your main idea is really strong and well focused you have to pass the elevator test. You know the situation: “you’ve got only one minute to explain your idea to your CEO while you are in the elevator with him. If you can do it, it is because you have a big idea. If not, maybe you have to invest a little bit more of time thinking on that.
- So, remember. Your idea must be SIMPLE. As Albert Einstein used to say “if you can’t explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough”.
- So, the idea must be RELEVANT, SIMPLE, and EASY. The first thing we have to take into account when we want to prepare our message is that if you are lucky, at the end of your presentation, your audience will come back home with no more than 2 or 3 ideas. That’s the reason because it is very important to define previously these ideas. You have to make sure that these people come back home with the real key ideas. Then you also have to make sure your information is clear, well organized and easy to follow. For this specific point a table of contents can helps. It is very helpful to organize the information and to give the audience a outline of what is going to happen.
- So, the idea must be RELEVANT, SIMPLE, and EASY. The first thing we have to take into account when we want to prepare our message is that if you are lucky, at the end of your presentation, your audience will come back home with no more than 2 or 3 ideas. That’s the reason because it is very important to define previously these ideas. You have to make sure that these people come back home with the real key ideas. Then you also have to make sure your information is clear, well organized and easy to follow. For this specific point a table of contents can helps. It is very helpful to organize the information and to give the audience a outline of what is going to happen.
- The idea must be CONCRETE. You have to concentrate in the relevant information, avoiding innecesary precedents and irrelevant information. The best way to be concrete is talking the audience in terms of real benefits. But also remember that a good speaker doesn’t exclude any important information.
- The idea must be CONCRETE. You have to concentrate in the relevant information, avoiding innecesary precedents and irrelevan information. The best way to be concrete is talking the audience in terms of real benefits. But also remember that a good speaker doesn’t exclude any important information.
- Finally, your message must be WELL STRUCTURED. Before we have a look to an example about how to structure your presentation, I would like you to see this chart. This figure shows what some scientifics have researched. The studies show that listeners loose their attention after 20 minutes. So knowing that and having a look to the attention curve it is easy to know what is the maximum recommended lenght of presention and when you have to include the main idea during the presenation.
- Once we have studied the first issue, the message, now it is time to think of the audience. The people who is going to attend your presentation. The first thing we have to do is to get all the information we can. As much information we have of our audience, as much easier will be to addapt our message to them.
- Here we have some aspects we have to think about. The number. It is not the same to enface an audience of just 3 people than 3000. For example, the number will be critical when we decide if we want some kind of interaction with people. The language. It is another critical issue. For example in an international meeting it is very common that the speaker use English, although probably most of the people attending to the presentation has another different mother tongue. Try to simplify your vocabulary and speak slowly. With that you will be helping your audience to understand you better (what is in fact what you want…). Knowing people’s background will help us to addapt our message and the kind of language we have to use. If we are talking to a Engineers group, then your language can be technical. Another important thing about background: are the people in the audience experts in the field you are going to talk? Whay kind of expertise do they have about the issue you are goingo to develop? All this information will give you some clues about you have to manage your presentation. The attitude and the expectations are two important things. Sometimes we will find an audience in a bad mood (due to the time, to the amount of previous presentations the have attended, because of you –may be you have a specific role they don’t welcome in this moment-, or whatever). Most ot the times, however, people is in a positive way or, at least, neutral. This is the best situation for a speaker. The expectations: what does the audience expect from your presentation? The first question to be anwered is: why is the people there? Who has decided they have to attend the presentation: themselves, their boss…? In the first situation they will probably expect a valuable information from you. In the second, the situation can be other… Who is who: this is one of the most valuable information. Depending on the main purpose of your presentation it is very important to know if you have a decision maker among your audience. For example, if you are trying to sell a product or a solution a huge part of the message will be focused on this person. However if you want to motivate people to change a behaviour, you will probably have to focus on the group leaders you have in the audience.
- But when we are talking about the audience, we also have to think in you, in the specific role you are having to them. It is not the same when you are making a presentation as an expert in a field, than when your role is a provider and you are talking to your customer. Just think about your position and decide how you are going to manage your presentation. And one last thing, your reputation and your company’s for your audience.
- At the end, with all this information about your audience you will probably have a clear picture about how to deliver your message to them, in terms of language, style, interaction, quality and quantity of information to provide…etc.
- Which ones? Storytelling and the use of anecdotes and personal experiences. These two techniques are very related. Then we will move on to the repetion technique, to the use of famous quotings and finally we’ll talk a litle bit about body language.
- If you have children you will probably used this technique several times. All of us can remember the fairy tales of our childhood. All of them were stories which had a moral. In fact, this moral was the key message. So this technique is based on the idea of communicating emotionaly is much more efficient than the pure transmition of information. Storytelling is a proven method to communicate effectively and to gain your audiences empathy. One of the best examples we can find is the famous Martin Luther King “I have a dream” speech. Obviously he was trying to explain to everybody his vision and, why not, his strategy, but he prefered to do it trough storytelling. In the business world this technique is particularly useful when you have to transmit a concept that you know is not going to be accepted very easily using a rational communication or when you want to engage your audience with a specific issue. Later we’ll see a video with an example of the use of this technique in the corporate world. “ Before there was the written word, humans used stories to transfer culturre from one generation to the next. Stories are who we are, and we are our stories. Stories may contain analogies or metaphors, powerful tools for bringing people in and helping them to understand our thoughts clearly and concretely. Good presentations include stories. The best presenters today illustrate their points with stories, often personal ones. The easiest way to explain complicated ideas is through examples or by sharing a story that underscores the point. Stories are easier to recall for your audience.” (Garr Reynolds – Presentation Zen).
- The use of personal anecdotes and experiences is another way to communicate emotionally, and so in a much more effcient way. A very good example of the use of this technique is the last presidential campaign in the United States. Obama mentioned serveral times personal experiences during his childhood, with his relatives, etc to transmit some values and messages to his potential audience.
- Repetition is perhaps the easiest technique you can use. Repetition guarantees your message is internalized by your audience. You must be careful doing that because you can get the opposite reaction you are trying to provoque. Remember you can say the same thing in many different ways. So if you want to repeat your idea, try to find different ways to say it. This technique is quite useful to explain difficult concepts and mainly for the main idea of your presentation.
- While long bullet points are not very effective as a “visual enhancer”, displaying quotations in your presentation slides can be a very powerful technique. Quotes can indeed add credibility to your story. A good selected quote can help you to reinforce your message and gives you credibility. The challenge is to find a good one for your specific message.
- Now we are going to spend some minutes in talking about body language and attitude. The first consideration we have to know is that only 7% of our communication comes directly from the words. A 93% of the communication is non verbal (38 % comes from our voice and the rest, a 55%, comes from our body language, such as gestures, movements, etc). The other thing we have to know is that communicating emotionaly is much more effective, and can be even more if it is a positive emotion. So, in this point, it is important to remember that smiling is free. I ’ m not telling you have to smile all the time while you are making a presentation, but it is a good idea to do it sometimes during it. Keeping eye contact is another issue we have to deal. When you look at another person and make eye contact occasionally you show an interest in that person. He or she can even feel you are making your presentation just for him or her. The eye contact will help you to mantain your audience attention. When you are going to deliver a presentation you have to do it with high energy, and show enthusiasm. You must care not to exceed your level of energy and not shout at your audience. Dress code. Remember: You never get a second chance to make the first impression If you have any doubt about the dress code you have to follow, try to make an upgrade of what you expect from your audience. It is better to be more elegant than expected than the opposite.
- Now we are going to spend some minutes in talking about body language and attitude. The first consideration we have to know is that only 7% of our communication comes directly from the words. A 93% of the communication is non verbal (38 % comes from our voice and the rest, a 55%, comes from our body language, such as gestures, movements, etc). The other thing we have to know is that communicating emotionaly is much more effective, and can be even more if it is a positive emotion. So, in this point, it is important to remember that smiling is free. I ’ m not telling you have to smile all the time while you are making a presentation, but it is a good idea to do it sometimes during it. Keeping eye contact is another issue we have to deal. When you look at another person and make eye contact occasionally you show an interest in that person. He or she can even feel you are making your presentation just for him or her. The eye contact will help you to mantain your audience attention. When you are going to deliver a presentation you have to do it with high energy, and show enthusiasm. You must care not to exceed your level of energy and not shout at your audience. Dress code. Remember: You never get a second chance to make the first impression If you have any doubt about the dress code you have to follow, try to make an upgrade of what you expect from your audience. It is better to be more elegant than expected than the opposite.
- Now let’s talk about movements. The first principle is to be natural: move around, walk, use hand gestures. Try not to stay behind the podium and use it as a protection. You don’t need to be protected from your audience, or at least you shouldn’t. Another point: avoid turning your back to the audience. This is something that annoys very much to the people. To solve this point you must remember all the time that you are talking to your audience and must keep eye contact. Finally be awere of your mannerisms (nervous movements, tics, use of ums, ahs, you know, ok? and so on). I must say this is not very easy to solve. The only way to improve this point is to practice more and more. There is no other option.
- Now, some recommendations.
- Design experts recommend that presenters spend the majority of their time thinking, sketching and scripting. Nancy Duarte recommends that a presenter spend 90 hours creating an hour long presentation with 30 slides. But only one third of that time is spent building slides. Another third is rehearsing, but the first third is spent collecting ideas, organizing ideas, and sketching the story.
- If you pause during your presentation, it creates more drama and meaning, and reinforces what you have to say.
- Adequate font size and colours (just one or two) that contrast with the background.
- , but do not overwhelm! No unnecessary animations! Visuals should relate to your message help make your point be consistent