1. From Saqeefa toFrom Saqeefa to
KarbalaKarbala
History of Karbala in Brief:History of Karbala in Brief:
From the time ofFrom the time of
Prophet Muhammad (saww)Prophet Muhammad (saww)

2. Karbala was a Battle betweenKarbala was a Battle between
Good and EvilGood and Evil
THE SIDE OF HAQTHE SIDE OF HAQ
 BANU HASHIMBANU HASHIM
 Prophet Muhammad (s)Prophet Muhammad (s)
 Imam Ali (as)Imam Ali (as)
 Bibi Fatima (as)Bibi Fatima (as)
 Imam Hassan (as)Imam Hassan (as)
 Imam Hussein (as)Imam Hussein (as)
THE SIDE OFTHE SIDE OF
BATILBATIL
 BANU UMAYYABANU UMAYYA
 Abu SufyanAbu Sufyan
 MuawiyaMuawiya
 YazidYazid
Vs
• It was a battle between Haq and Batil and not a political one.
• At one side, there was Banu Hashim representing Haq, and on
the other side was Banu Umayya representing Batil.

3. Battle between Haq and Batil sinceBattle between Haq and Batil since
the Creation of Adam (as)the Creation of Adam (as)
‫ا‬ْ ‫لاو‬ُ‫و‬‫قلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ً ‫ق‬ ‫ف‬َ‫ا‬‫لفي‬ِ‫في‬‫خ‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ض‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ر‬ْ ‫أل‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ف ي‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ل‬ٌ ‫ف‬ ‫ع‬ِ‫في‬ ‫جلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ن ي‬ِّ‫ي‬‫إ‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ة‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ك‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ئ‬ِ‫في‬‫ال‬َ‫ا‬ ‫م‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ْ ‫ل‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ك‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ُّ‫ك‬‫ر‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ا‬ ‫قلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ذ‬ْ ‫إ‬ِ‫في‬‫و‬َ‫ا‬‫ا‬ْ ‫لاو‬ُ‫و‬‫قلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ً ‫ق‬ ‫ف‬َ‫ا‬‫لفي‬ِ‫في‬‫خ‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ض‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ر‬ْ ‫أل‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ف ي‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ل‬ٌ ‫ف‬ ‫ع‬ِ‫في‬ ‫جلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ن ي‬ِّ‫ي‬‫إ‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ة‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ك‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ئ‬ِ‫في‬‫ال‬َ‫ا‬ ‫م‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ْ ‫ل‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ك‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ُّ‫ك‬‫ر‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ا‬ ‫قلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ذ‬ْ ‫إ‬ِ‫في‬‫و‬َ‫ا‬
‫ك‬َ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ِ‫في‬‫م‬ْ ‫ح‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ح‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ب‬ِّ‫ي‬‫س‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ح‬ْ ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬‫و‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ملاء‬َ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ِّ‫ي‬‫ال‬ ‫ك‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ف‬ِ‫في‬‫س‬ْ ‫ي‬َ‫ا‬‫و‬َ‫ا‬ ‫هلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ففي‬ِ‫في‬ ‫د‬ُ‫و‬‫س‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ف‬ْ ‫ي‬ُ‫و‬ ‫من‬َ‫ا‬ ‫هلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ففي‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ل‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ع‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ْ ‫ت‬َ‫ا‬‫أ‬َ‫ا‬‫ك‬َ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ِ‫في‬‫م‬ْ ‫ح‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ح‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ب‬ِّ‫ي‬‫س‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ن‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ح‬ْ ‫ن‬َ‫ا‬‫و‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ملاء‬َ‫ا‬ ‫د‬ِّ‫ي‬‫ال‬ ‫ك‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ف‬ِ‫في‬‫س‬ْ ‫ي‬َ‫ا‬‫و‬َ‫ا‬ ‫هلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ففي‬ِ‫في‬ ‫د‬ُ‫و‬‫س‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ف‬ْ ‫ي‬ُ‫و‬ ‫من‬َ‫ا‬ ‫هلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ففي‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ل‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ع‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ْ ‫ت‬َ‫ا‬‫أ‬َ‫ا‬
‫ن‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ماو‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ا‬‫ع‬ْ ‫ت‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ال‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ملا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ُ‫و‬‫ل‬َ‫ا‬‫ع‬ْ ‫أ‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ن ي‬ِّ‫ي‬‫إ‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ا‬ ‫قلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ك‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ا‬ ‫س‬ُ‫و‬ ‫د‬ِّ‫ي‬‫ق‬َ‫ا‬‫ن‬ُ‫و‬‫و‬َ‫ا‬‫ن‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ماو‬ُ‫و‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ا‬‫ع‬ْ ‫ت‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ال‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ملا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ُ‫و‬‫ل‬َ‫ا‬‫ع‬ْ ‫أ‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ن ي‬ِّ‫ي‬‫إ‬ِ‫في‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ا‬ ‫قلا‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ك‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ا‬ ‫س‬ُ‫و‬ ‫د‬ِّ‫ي‬‫ق‬َ‫ا‬‫ن‬ُ‫و‬‫و‬َ‫ا‬
““And (remember) when your Lord said to the angels: "Verily, I amAnd (remember) when your Lord said to the angels: "Verily, I am
going to place (mankind) generations after generations on earth."going to place (mankind) generations after generations on earth."
They said: "Will You place therein those who will make mischiefThey said: "Will You place therein those who will make mischief
therein and shed blood, - while we glorify You with praises andtherein and shed blood, - while we glorify You with praises and
thanks (Exalted be You above all that they associate with You asthanks (Exalted be You above all that they associate with You as
partners) and sanctify You." He (Allah) said: "I know that whichpartners) and sanctify You." He (Allah) said: "I know that which
you do not knowyou do not know."." (Al-Baqarah 2:30)(Al-Baqarah 2:30)

4. Imam Hussein (as) RepresentedImam Hussein (as) Represented
all the Prophets (saww) in Karbalaall the Prophets (saww) in Karbala
as per Ziyarate Warithaas per Ziyarate Waritha
Peace be upon you, O the inheritor of:Peace be upon you, O the inheritor of:
 Nabi Adam (as), the chosen one of Allah.Nabi Adam (as), the chosen one of Allah.
 Nabi Nuh (as), the Prophet of AllahNabi Nuh (as), the Prophet of Allah
 Nabi Ibrahim (as), the friend of Allah.Nabi Ibrahim (as), the friend of Allah.
 Nabi Mussa (as), the communicator with Allah.Nabi Mussa (as), the communicator with Allah.
 Nabi Issa (as), the spirit of Allah.Nabi Issa (as), the spirit of Allah.
 Nabi Muhammad (saww), the beloved one ofNabi Muhammad (saww), the beloved one of
AllahAllah

5. Twins Born toTwins Born to AbdemenafAbdemenaf
This is a story which is found in some history books aboutThis is a story which is found in some history books about
twins born to Abdemenaf:twins born to Abdemenaf:
There was a noted chieftain in the city of Mecca, Abde Munaf.There was a noted chieftain in the city of Mecca, Abde Munaf.
Two twins were born to him, but they were Siamese TwinsTwo twins were born to him, but they were Siamese Twins
with their backs joined by birth. The chieftain approached thewith their backs joined by birth. The chieftain approached the
wise men of the city for advice, and they said, "Now they arewise men of the city for advice, and they said, "Now they are
children, but when they grow up they will face problems."children, but when they grow up they will face problems."
Abdemanaf separated his children with his sword. One boy wasAbdemanaf separated his children with his sword. One boy was
named Hashim and the other Abdeshams. When they werenamed Hashim and the other Abdeshams. When they were
separated, another chieftain watching the children cryingseparated, another chieftain watching the children crying
bitterly, said,bitterly, said, "God forbid! A sword has been used to separate the two"God forbid! A sword has been used to separate the two
brothers. God bless! It shouldn’t so happen that their family tree shouldbrothers. God bless! It shouldn’t so happen that their family tree should
keep fighting with swords."keep fighting with swords."

6. Family Tree of Banu HashimFamily Tree of Banu Hashim
and Banu Umayyaand Banu Umayya
Abdemanaf
Abdeshams Hashim
AbdulmuttalibUmayya
AbdullahHarb
Muhammad (s)Abu Sufyan

7. Family Tree ofFamily Tree of
Prophet Muhammad (s) and Abu SufyanProphet Muhammad (s) and Abu Sufyan
As History narrates, Banu Umayya never ceased to oppose the noble traits of
Banu Hashim. The enmity of Abu Sufyan, Muawiya, and Yazid against the
household of the Prophet (s) can not be disputed.

8. Prophet (s) Predicts about KarbalaProphet (s) Predicts about Karbala
 Aisha narratedAisha narrated:: The Prophet (s) said: "Gabriel informed me thatThe Prophet (s) said: "Gabriel informed me that
my grandson al- Husain (AS) will be killed after me in the land ofmy grandson al- Husain (AS) will be killed after me in the land of
al-Taff and brought me this Turbah (mudd/soil) and informedal-Taff and brought me this Turbah (mudd/soil) and informed
me that this is the soil of the place he will be martyred”.me that this is the soil of the place he will be martyred”.
 When the Holy Prophet informed Lady Fatima of theWhen the Holy Prophet informed Lady Fatima of the
Martyrdom in store for his grandson, she burst into tears andMartyrdom in store for his grandson, she burst into tears and
asked "O my father! when would my son be martyred?" "In suchasked "O my father! when would my son be martyred?" "In such
a critical moment," replied the Holy Prophet, "when neither Ia critical moment," replied the Holy Prophet, "when neither I
nor you, nor Ali would be alive." This accentuated her grief andnor you, nor Ali would be alive." This accentuated her grief and
she inquired again, "Who then, O my father, wouldshe inquired again, "Who then, O my father, would
commemorate Husain's Martyrdom?" The Holy Prophet said,commemorate Husain's Martyrdom?" The Holy Prophet said,
"The men and the women of a particular group of my followers,"The men and the women of a particular group of my followers,
who will befriend my Ahlul Bayt, will mourn for Husain andwho will befriend my Ahlul Bayt, will mourn for Husain and
commemorate his martyrdom each year in every century."commemorate his martyrdom each year in every century."

9. Merits of Imam Hussein (as)Merits of Imam Hussein (as)
Prophet Muhammad (s) said about Imam Hussein (as):Prophet Muhammad (s) said about Imam Hussein (as):
 Al-Hasan and al-Husain are the chiefs of the youth of Paradise.Al-Hasan and al-Husain are the chiefs of the youth of Paradise.
 Hussein is from me and I am from Husein.Hussein is from me and I am from Husein.
 I am in war with those who will fight you, and in peace withI am in war with those who will fight you, and in peace with
those who are peaceful to you.those who are peaceful to you.
 He who loves al-Hasan and al-Husain, loved me, and he whoHe who loves al-Hasan and al-Husain, loved me, and he who
makes them angry has made me angry.makes them angry has made me angry.
 O my son! Your flesh is my flesh and your blood is my blood;O my son! Your flesh is my flesh and your blood is my blood;
you are a leader, the son of a leader and the brother of a leader;you are a leader, the son of a leader and the brother of a leader;
you are a spiritual guide, the son of a spiritual guide and theyou are a spiritual guide, the son of a spiritual guide and the
brother of a spiritual guide; you are an Imam the son of an Imambrother of a spiritual guide; you are an Imam the son of an Imam
and the brother of an Imam; you are the father of nine Imams,and the brother of an Imam; you are the father of nine Imams,
the ninth of whom would be the Qaim (the last infallible spiritualthe ninth of whom would be the Qaim (the last infallible spiritual
guide)guide)

10. Banu Umayya,Banu Umayya,
The Cursed Tree in the QuranThe Cursed Tree in the Quran
 The Prophet (s) said: “I can see the Children of UmayyadThe Prophet (s) said: “I can see the Children of Umayyad
ascending to my pulpit. I have seen them in my dreams jumpingascending to my pulpit. I have seen them in my dreams jumping
on my pulpit like monkeys."on my pulpit like monkeys."
 The Prophet (s) also said that the following verse was revealedThe Prophet (s) also said that the following verse was revealed
about Banu Umayya : "And We made that dream, which Weabout Banu Umayya : "And We made that dream, which We
have shown you, only as a test to the people and the cursed treehave shown you, only as a test to the people and the cursed tree
(Shajaratal Mal’uunah) in the Quran. And We warn them but it(Shajaratal Mal’uunah) in the Quran. And We warn them but it
only increases their extreme transgression!"( Bani Israel 17:60)only increases their extreme transgression!"( Bani Israel 17:60)
 Imran ibn Husayn narrated that: The Prophet (s) at the time ofImran ibn Husayn narrated that: The Prophet (s) at the time of
his death disliked three tribes: Thaqif, the Banu Hanifah and thehis death disliked three tribes: Thaqif, the Banu Hanifah and the
Banu Umayyah.Banu Umayyah.

11. Who was Abu Sufyan?Who was Abu Sufyan?
 He was the son of Harb Bin Umayya.He was the son of Harb Bin Umayya.
 He was the father of Muawiyya and the grandfather ofHe was the father of Muawiyya and the grandfather of
Yazid.Yazid.
 He was also the father of Ramlah (Umm Habiba), whoHe was also the father of Ramlah (Umm Habiba), who
converted to Islam and migrated to Abyssinia. Ummconverted to Islam and migrated to Abyssinia. Umm
Habiba later married to the Prophet (s).Habiba later married to the Prophet (s).
 One day when Abu Sufyan went to see the Prophet, UmmOne day when Abu Sufyan went to see the Prophet, Umm
Habiba removed the sitting carpet so that he does notHabiba removed the sitting carpet so that he does not
make it najis.make it najis.
 Abu Sufyan is also considered to be the father of Ziyad BinAbu Sufyan is also considered to be the father of Ziyad Bin
Abiihi, Ziyad was an illegitimate child and his fatherAbiihi, Ziyad was an illegitimate child and his father
unknown.unknown.

12. Who was Abu Sufyan?Who was Abu Sufyan?
 He fought against Prophet Muhammad (s) in the Battle of Badr, Uhud,He fought against Prophet Muhammad (s) in the Battle of Badr, Uhud,
Khandaq and others.Khandaq and others.
 When Mecca was conquered and Quraish defeated, he later acceptedWhen Mecca was conquered and Quraish defeated, he later accepted
Islam unwillingly.Islam unwillingly.
 Even when accepting Islam, he refused to proclaim ‘MuhammadunEven when accepting Islam, he refused to proclaim ‘Muhammadun
Rasulullah’.Rasulullah’.
 When Uthman became the 3When Uthman became the 3rdrd
Khalifa, he said: “Now that the CaliphateKhalifa, he said: “Now that the Caliphate
has fallen into your hands, you should take turns in seizing it, in thehas fallen into your hands, you should take turns in seizing it, in the
same way that children pass a ball to one another. I swear to God thatsame way that children pass a ball to one another. I swear to God that
there exists neither a heaven nor a hell!“there exists neither a heaven nor a hell!“
 Abu Sufyan died in the time of Uthman, and Uthman led Salatul MayyitAbu Sufyan died in the time of Uthman, and Uthman led Salatul Mayyit
on him.on him.
 Unfortunately, Wahhabis consider Abu Sufyan a great Sahabi becauseUnfortunately, Wahhabis consider Abu Sufyan a great Sahabi because
he accepted Islam in the time of the Prophet and because Uthmanhe accepted Islam in the time of the Prophet and because Uthman
prayed on him Salatul Mayyit.prayed on him Salatul Mayyit.

13. Who was Muawiya?Who was Muawiya?
 He was son of Abu Sufyan, and accepted Islam only after the victory ofHe was son of Abu Sufyan, and accepted Islam only after the victory of
Mecca.Mecca.
 According to one report, he was conceived in a form of polyandry. FourAccording to one report, he was conceived in a form of polyandry. Four
people are thought of being his father: Abu Sufyan, Abu Umar Musafir,people are thought of being his father: Abu Sufyan, Abu Umar Musafir,
Umar Bin Walid, Sabah the Ethiopian.Umar Bin Walid, Sabah the Ethiopian.
 He and his father Abu Sufyan accepted Islam to save their life. SuchHe and his father Abu Sufyan accepted Islam to save their life. Such
Muslims are known as ‘Tulaqaa’ (the freed ones).Muslims are known as ‘Tulaqaa’ (the freed ones).
 His mother was Hind, the liver-chewer of Hazrat Hamza in the battleHis mother was Hind, the liver-chewer of Hazrat Hamza in the battle
of Uhud.of Uhud.
 Omar appointed Yazid, the brother of Muawiya as a governor ofOmar appointed Yazid, the brother of Muawiya as a governor of
Shaam. When Yazid died, Omar appointed Muawiya in his place.Shaam. When Yazid died, Omar appointed Muawiya in his place.
 The Prophet (saww) cursed Muawiya and said: “May Allah (swt) not fillThe Prophet (saww) cursed Muawiya and said: “May Allah (swt) not fill
his belly”.his belly”.
 "The Prophet (s) overheard the sound of 'ghina' (singing) and found"The Prophet (s) overheard the sound of 'ghina' (singing) and found
`Amr b. al-`Aas and Mu`awiya indulging themselves by singing. He (s)`Amr b. al-`Aas and Mu`awiya indulging themselves by singing. He (s)
the supplicated that they be thrown in to the Fire"the supplicated that they be thrown in to the Fire"

14. Mu’awiya’s CrimesMu’awiya’s Crimes
1.1. Muawiya refused to accept the Khilafah of Imam Ali (as) andMuawiya refused to accept the Khilafah of Imam Ali (as) and
rebelled against him.rebelled against him.
2.2. Muawiya used his position in Shaam to influence peopleMuawiya used his position in Shaam to influence people
against Imam Ali (as).against Imam Ali (as).
3.3. He formed renegade groups to attack towns to kill and lootHe formed renegade groups to attack towns to kill and loot
Imam Ali’s followers.Imam Ali’s followers.
4.4. He fought against Imam Ali (as) in the battle of Siffiin. MoreHe fought against Imam Ali (as) in the battle of Siffiin. More
than 70,000 Muslims were killed in this battle because ofthan 70,000 Muslims were killed in this battle because of
Muawiya.Muawiya.
5.5. Muawiya’s army also killed Ammaar Bin Yaasir in this battle,Muawiya’s army also killed Ammaar Bin Yaasir in this battle,
about whom the Prophet (s) said: “O Ammaar, you will beabout whom the Prophet (s) said: “O Ammaar, you will be
killed by a renegade group”.killed by a renegade group”.
6.6. He reintroduced the Jahiliyyah system of disrespecting theHe reintroduced the Jahiliyyah system of disrespecting the
dead bodies of those killed in war, trampling them withdead bodies of those killed in war, trampling them with
horses’ hooves, cutting the heads and parading them in thehorses’ hooves, cutting the heads and parading them in the
markets. The first head to be paraded was that of Ammaarmarkets. The first head to be paraded was that of Ammaar
bin Yaasir.bin Yaasir.

15. 7.7. He was the first one to start the system of making MuslimHe was the first one to start the system of making Muslim
captive ladies as slaves in civil wars among Muslims.captive ladies as slaves in civil wars among Muslims.
8.8. Muawiya violated all the clauses of treaty signed between himMuawiya violated all the clauses of treaty signed between him
and Imam Hassan (as).and Imam Hassan (as).
9.9. He poisoned Imam Hassan (as) through Ju’dah bint Ash’ath,He poisoned Imam Hassan (as) through Ju’dah bint Ash’ath,
the misguided wife of Imam Hassan (as).the misguided wife of Imam Hassan (as).
10.10. During his reign, Muslims attending prayers in the mosqueDuring his reign, Muslims attending prayers in the mosque
were required to curse Imam Ali (as) as part of the service.were required to curse Imam Ali (as) as part of the service.
11.11. He appointed his corrupt son Yazid, the drunkard as theHe appointed his corrupt son Yazid, the drunkard as the
Khalifah after him.Khalifah after him.
12.12. He killed many Sahabas of the Prophet (s) including:He killed many Sahabas of the Prophet (s) including:
Muhammad Bin Abu Bakar, Ammaar Yaasir, Malik Bin Ashter,Muhammad Bin Abu Bakar, Ammaar Yaasir, Malik Bin Ashter,
Hujr Bin Adi, Abdurahman Bin Khalid, Aisha Bint Abi Bakr,Hujr Bin Adi, Abdurahman Bin Khalid, Aisha Bint Abi Bakr,
etc.etc.
Mu’awiya’s CrimesMu’awiya’s Crimes

16. The 3 Great Crimes of YazidThe 3 Great Crimes of Yazid
 In the first year of his rule, he martyred the "Leader of the Youth of theIn the first year of his rule, he martyred the "Leader of the Youth of the
Paradise" Abu Abdullah al-Husain (A.S.) and his family andParadise" Abu Abdullah al-Husain (A.S.) and his family and
companions in that tragic state.companions in that tragic state.
 He sent a heartless and bloody old man Muslim ibn Aqbah with aHe sent a heartless and bloody old man Muslim ibn Aqbah with a
strong army towards Madinah, killed 10,000 innocent men and womenstrong army towards Madinah, killed 10,000 innocent men and women
some of them inside Masjid Nabawi, raped thousands of girls andsome of them inside Masjid Nabawi, raped thousands of girls and
women, and desecrated the Holy grave of the Prophet with blood andwomen, and desecrated the Holy grave of the Prophet with blood and
urine.urine.
 The Army of Yazid set ablaze and destroyed the Holy Kaaba.The Army of Yazid set ablaze and destroyed the Holy Kaaba.

17. Questions that Need Sincere Answers?Questions that Need Sincere Answers?
 How Muawiya (the crooked) and Yazid (the drunkard) came to powerHow Muawiya (the crooked) and Yazid (the drunkard) came to power
and became the Khalifas of the Muslim Ummah?and became the Khalifas of the Muslim Ummah?
 Why Imam Hussein (as) and his blessed family were killed in KarbalaWhy Imam Hussein (as) and his blessed family were killed in Karbala
so mercilessly when not more than 50 years had passed from theso mercilessly when not more than 50 years had passed from the
demise of the Prophet (s)?demise of the Prophet (s)?
 Why Ahlulbayt and their followers were tortured, persecuted and killedWhy Ahlulbayt and their followers were tortured, persecuted and killed
everywhere when they are crowned as the beacons of guidance by theeverywhere when they are crowned as the beacons of guidance by the
Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet?Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet?
 Why were all the 11 Imams appointed by Allah through His ProphetWhy were all the 11 Imams appointed by Allah through His Prophet
killed either by sword or poison?killed either by sword or poison?
 And until recently, why the followers of Ahlulbayt are victimised andAnd until recently, why the followers of Ahlulbayt are victimised and
persecuted in the precints of Mecca and Medina and the graves ofpersecuted in the precints of Mecca and Medina and the graves of
Jannatul Baqii vandalized?Jannatul Baqii vandalized?

18. The Seed of Karbala was sowed in SaqeefaThe Seed of Karbala was sowed in Saqeefa
 Muawiya in a letter to Muhammad Bin Abu Bakr admits that : “Your fatherMuawiya in a letter to Muhammad Bin Abu Bakr admits that : “Your father
and his Farooq were the first to snatch his (Ali’s) right away from him andand his Farooq were the first to snatch his (Ali’s) right away from him and
dispute with him regarding what rightfully belonged to him….dispute with him regarding what rightfully belonged to him….
 ““Had it not been for what your father had done, we would not have disputedHad it not been for what your father had done, we would not have disputed
with the son of Abu Talib, and we would have surrendered to him. But wewith the son of Abu Talib, and we would have surrendered to him. But we
found your father doing so before us; therefore, we followed his example andfound your father doing so before us; therefore, we followed his example and
emulated his deeds. Find fault with your father, then, for what he did ….”emulated his deeds. Find fault with your father, then, for what he did ….”
 The First oppression done against Ahlulbayt was in Saqeefa, where ImamThe First oppression done against Ahlulbayt was in Saqeefa, where Imam
Ali’s right of Khilafah was usurped.Ali’s right of Khilafah was usurped.
 This followed by threatening to burn the house of Bibi Fatima (as), breakingThis followed by threatening to burn the house of Bibi Fatima (as), breaking
the door upon her, killing her child Muhsin, and strangling Imam Ali with athe door upon her, killing her child Muhsin, and strangling Imam Ali with a
rope.rope.
 Karbala would not have occurred if Abubakar and Umar would notKarbala would not have occurred if Abubakar and Umar would not
have usurped the right of Imam Ali’s Khilafah in Saqeefa, and if Umarhave usurped the right of Imam Ali’s Khilafah in Saqeefa, and if Umar
would not have appointed Muawiyya in the power.would not have appointed Muawiyya in the power.

19. Why Imam Hussein (as) RefusedWhy Imam Hussein (as) Refused
Bay’ah of Yazid?Bay’ah of Yazid?
1.1. To save Islam from distortion, as Yazid was bent inTo save Islam from distortion, as Yazid was bent in
vilifying all the teachings of Islam.vilifying all the teachings of Islam.
2.2. Giving Bay’ah to Yazid means legitimizing all theGiving Bay’ah to Yazid means legitimizing all the
fraudulent deeds of Yazid.fraudulent deeds of Yazid.
3.3. The Muslim Ummah looked upon Imam Hussein (as)The Muslim Ummah looked upon Imam Hussein (as)
as their guide, and every act of Imam Hussein (as)as their guide, and every act of Imam Hussein (as)
would bear great effects.would bear great effects.
4.4. To teach the Ummah to rise against all the despoticTo teach the Ummah to rise against all the despotic
rulers.rulers.

20. Imam Hussein Leaves MadinaImam Hussein Leaves Madina
 Yazid commissionedYazid commissioned Waleed Ibn Ut'ba,Waleed Ibn Ut'ba, his Governorhis Governor
over Medina, to ask for Imam Husain's allegiance ofover Medina, to ask for Imam Husain's allegiance of
loyaltyloyalty or else upon refusal, his head.or else upon refusal, his head.
 Waleed invited Al-Husain to a meeting for the purpose.Waleed invited Al-Husain to a meeting for the purpose.
Imam Husain did not give his word at the meetingImam Husain did not give his word at the meeting
 Although painful to leave hometown, he decided toAlthough painful to leave hometown, he decided to
leave Medina along with his family to proceed toleave Medina along with his family to proceed to
Mecca.Mecca.
 Imam left Madina on 28Imam left Madina on 28thth
Rajab 60 A.H.Rajab 60 A.H.

21. Imam Hussein (as) in MeccaImam Hussein (as) in Mecca
 When Al-Husain reached Mecca he received 12,000 letters fromWhen Al-Husain reached Mecca he received 12,000 letters from
Kufa urging him to go to Kufa to be their leader, and be theKufa urging him to go to Kufa to be their leader, and be the
Khalifa.Khalifa.
 Imam sent an emissary, his cousinImam sent an emissary, his cousin Muslim Ibn Aqeel,Muslim Ibn Aqeel, to Kufa toto Kufa to
ascertain first-hand information about the situation in Iraq.ascertain first-hand information about the situation in Iraq.
 In the mean time Yazid spread a network of informants andIn the mean time Yazid spread a network of informants and
secret agents in Mecca to assassinate the Imam duringsecret agents in Mecca to assassinate the Imam during
pilgrimage.pilgrimage.
 Therefore Imam Hussein (as) decided to leave Mecca for Kufa toTherefore Imam Hussein (as) decided to leave Mecca for Kufa to
prepare for a confrontation with Yazid and his forces. prepare for a confrontation with Yazid and his forces.
 Many friends and relatives urged Imam Husain not to go toMany friends and relatives urged Imam Husain not to go to
Kufa, but he insisted on going. Imam Husain, along with family,Kufa, but he insisted on going. Imam Husain, along with family,
friends, and companions began the journey toward Kufa (1,100friends, and companions began the journey toward Kufa (1,100
miles) in a long caravan in the blistering heat of summer. miles) in a long caravan in the blistering heat of summer.

22. On the Way to KarbalaOn the Way to Karbala
 During the early phase of the journey the caravan metDuring the early phase of the journey the caravan met Al-FarazdaqAl-Farazdaq
(a famous poet) at a place called al-Sifah.(a famous poet) at a place called al-Sifah.
 Al-Farazdaq advised the Imam not to go to Kufa because thoughAl-Farazdaq advised the Imam not to go to Kufa because though
people's hearts were with him (Imam), their swords would bepeople's hearts were with him (Imam), their swords would be
against him. But the Imam continued with the journey.against him. But the Imam continued with the journey.
 He received the first letter from his emissary Muslim Ibn AqeelHe received the first letter from his emissary Muslim Ibn Aqeel
with good news. The letter indicated that the people were morewith good news. The letter indicated that the people were more
than ready to welcome the Imam in Kufa and were looking forwardthan ready to welcome the Imam in Kufa and were looking forward
to his leadership.to his leadership.
 Imam Husain decided to send another emissary to Kufa with aImam Husain decided to send another emissary to Kufa with a
message. The caravan kept proceeding toward Kufa. Many daysmessage. The caravan kept proceeding toward Kufa. Many days
passed but the Imam did not receive any more responses frompassed but the Imam did not receive any more responses from
Muslim Ibn Aqeel. Muslim Ibn Aqeel.

23. Muslim Bin Aqeel in KufaMuslim Bin Aqeel in Kufa
 In Kufa Muslim Bin Aqeel was welcomed by the Shias in great number.In Kufa Muslim Bin Aqeel was welcomed by the Shias in great number.
 With the help of Mukhtar Al-Thaqafi and Hani Ibn Urwah, heWith the help of Mukhtar Al-Thaqafi and Hani Ibn Urwah, he
continued to hold secret meetings with the supporters of the Imam.continued to hold secret meetings with the supporters of the Imam.
Within a short time the gatherings started to gain momentum.Within a short time the gatherings started to gain momentum.
 Yazid through his spies and informants learned about Muslim'sYazid through his spies and informants learned about Muslim's
successes in Kufa. He appointed the tyrantsuccesses in Kufa. He appointed the tyrant Ubaidullah Ibn ZiyadUbaidullah Ibn Ziyad toto
replacereplace al-Nu'man Ibn al-Basheeral-Nu'man Ibn al-Basheer as Governor of Kufa.as Governor of Kufa.
 Ibn Ziyad took control of Kufa, closed all the roads and threatened allIbn Ziyad took control of Kufa, closed all the roads and threatened all
supporters of Muslim.supporters of Muslim.
 Very Soon Muslim Ibn Aqeel was deserted and left alone in Kufa.Very Soon Muslim Ibn Aqeel was deserted and left alone in Kufa.
 Ibn Ziyad sent an army to capture Muslim. Muslim was caught,Ibn Ziyad sent an army to capture Muslim. Muslim was caught,
brutally martyred, and his body thrown down from the top of thebrutally martyred, and his body thrown down from the top of the
castle. castle.

24. Imam Hussein ContinuesImam Hussein Continues
the Journeythe Journey
 Meanwhile, as Al-Husain's caravan got closer to its destination (Kufa), comingMeanwhile, as Al-Husain's caravan got closer to its destination (Kufa), coming
to a place called Zubalah, Imam Husain unexpectedly received shocking news.to a place called Zubalah, Imam Husain unexpectedly received shocking news.
 Muslim Ibn Aqeel and the person who provided him shelter, Hani's IbnMuslim Ibn Aqeel and the person who provided him shelter, Hani's Ibn
Urwah, both of whom were arrested and beheaded by the Governor Ibn Ziyad.Urwah, both of whom were arrested and beheaded by the Governor Ibn Ziyad.
 Mukhtar was also arrested and imprisoned and tortured by Ibn Ziyad.Mukhtar was also arrested and imprisoned and tortured by Ibn Ziyad.
 Imam Husain gathered his companions and disclosed to them about the badImam Husain gathered his companions and disclosed to them about the bad
news, and said, "Our Shi'a have deserted us, those of you who prefer to leave usnews, and said, "Our Shi'a have deserted us, those of you who prefer to leave us
may do so freely and without guilt.“may do so freely and without guilt.“
 Becoming scared, some companions left the caravan. Imam Husain continuedBecoming scared, some companions left the caravan. Imam Husain continued
with the journey along with close companions and family members.with the journey along with close companions and family members.

25.  In the way, Imam was approached by 1,000 horsemen led by Hur al-Riyahi representing the
enemy.
 The enemy army was near to death due to thirst. Imam ordered the army to be provided with
water.
 Hur blocked the camps of Imam Husain (a.s.) from advancing. Tension started to rise between
the two.
 The Imam explained to them his motives for going to Kufa, that it was in response to the
invitation of the people. He even showed them a bagful of letters he received from Kufa.
 Imam told them that if they did not like him to advance with the journey, he was prepared to
return to Hijaz.
 Hur replied, "We are commissioned to follow you until we take you to Governor Ibn Ziyad, and
suggested to the Imam to go towards a station which is neither Kufa nor Medina."
 Imam Husain found the proposal fair and turned the caravan away from Kufa. Hur and his army
marched parallel to the Imam.
 The Imam, his family and companions continued their journey and reached a place called Karbala.
 He ordered his camp to be setup. That day was 2nd of Muharram, Hijri 61.

26. Imam Hussein in KarbalaImam Hussein in Karbala
 Ibn Ziyad sent military units to Karbala and appointedIbn Ziyad sent military units to Karbala and appointed Umar Ibn Sa'adUmar Ibn Sa'ad inin
charge.charge.
 Imam Husain (a.s.) opened a dialogue with Umar Ibn Sa'ad and convincedImam Husain (a.s.) opened a dialogue with Umar Ibn Sa'ad and convinced
him to lift the siege so that the Imam with his family and companions couldhim to lift the siege so that the Imam with his family and companions could
leave Iraq.leave Iraq.
 Umar Ibn Sa'ad sent the message to Ibn Ziyad butUmar Ibn Sa'ad sent the message to Ibn Ziyad but Shimr Bin Dhil-Jawshan,Shimr Bin Dhil-Jawshan,
opposed it strongly.opposed it strongly.
 Ibn Ziyad wrote a letter to Umar Ibn Sa'ad commanding him to either go toIbn Ziyad wrote a letter to Umar Ibn Sa'ad commanding him to either go to
war with Imam Husain (a.s.) or be replaced by Shimr. war with Imam Husain (a.s.) or be replaced by Shimr.
 After pondering he decided to fight Imam Husain (a.s.).After pondering he decided to fight Imam Husain (a.s.).
 On the 7th day of Muharram he moved his troops closer to the camp and beganOn the 7th day of Muharram he moved his troops closer to the camp and began
to surround the Husaini camp.to surround the Husaini camp.
 Ibn Sa'ad laid a blockade around the camp to cut it off from access to the riverIbn Sa'ad laid a blockade around the camp to cut it off from access to the river
Euphrates, to deprive it of water in a move to force them to surrender. Euphrates, to deprive it of water in a move to force them to surrender.
 Hussein, his family and his followers suffered from intense thirst and hungerHussein, his family and his followers suffered from intense thirst and hunger
but did not surrender.but did not surrender.

27. Shabe AshuraShabe Ashura
 On the 9th of Muharram), the enemy's military forces closed inOn the 9th of Muharram), the enemy's military forces closed in
on the camp of Imam Husain (a.s.).on the camp of Imam Husain (a.s.).
 Imam asked his brother, Abbas, to talk to Ibn Sa'ad and requestImam asked his brother, Abbas, to talk to Ibn Sa'ad and request
a delay of the aggression by one night.a delay of the aggression by one night.
 Imam Husain and his pious companions spent that night inImam Husain and his pious companions spent that night in
prayers.prayers.
 During the night the Imam told the companions, ".... the enemyDuring the night the Imam told the companions, ".... the enemy
is interested in none but me, me alone. I'll be most delighted tois interested in none but me, me alone. I'll be most delighted to
permit each and every one of you to go back, and I urge you topermit each and every one of you to go back, and I urge you to
do so....”.do so....”.
 All companions screamed in response, "By Allah, never, never!All companions screamed in response, "By Allah, never, never!
We will either live with you or die together with you." We will either live with you or die together with you."

28. Ashura MorningAshura Morning
 Finally, the day of Ashura dawned upon the soil of Karbala. ItFinally, the day of Ashura dawned upon the soil of Karbala. It
was the day when 72 innocent lives would be sacrificed, and awas the day when 72 innocent lives would be sacrificed, and a
decisive battle would be won to save Islam and the Ummah. decisive battle would be won to save Islam and the Ummah.
 Children were crying for water, the women were desperate forChildren were crying for water, the women were desperate for
water.water.
 Zainul-Abideen, the son of Imam Husain (a.s.) was sick withZainul-Abideen, the son of Imam Husain (a.s.) was sick with
fever.fever.
 Despite this, not a single person in the camp made anyDespite this, not a single person in the camp made any
complaints or even questioned the mission of Imam Husain.complaints or even questioned the mission of Imam Husain.
 Hur felt his conscience violently stirring. He suddenly brokeHur felt his conscience violently stirring. He suddenly broke
away from Umar Ibn Sa'ad and rushed toward Imam Husainaway from Umar Ibn Sa'ad and rushed toward Imam Husain
(a.s.) to join his camp. (a.s.) to join his camp.

29. The Battle of KarbalaThe Battle of Karbala
 Imam Husain's every supporter insisted on being the first to fight.Imam Husain's every supporter insisted on being the first to fight.
 The battle was ferocious. Within a short time the Imam's supporters slay aThe battle was ferocious. Within a short time the Imam's supporters slay a
large number of the enemy fighters.large number of the enemy fighters.
 The 72 of Husain's fought valiantly against the 30,000 of the enemy. The 72 of Husain's fought valiantly against the 30,000 of the enemy.
 The heroes began to fall, they were men of valor welcoming martyrdom, theyThe heroes began to fall, they were men of valor welcoming martyrdom, they
fell one after another, for the enemy was overwhelming in number.fell one after another, for the enemy was overwhelming in number.
 Among the Ansar Martyrs were: Habib Ibn Mazahir, Muslim Ibn Awsaja,Among the Ansar Martyrs were: Habib Ibn Mazahir, Muslim Ibn Awsaja,
Zuhair Ibn Qayn, Burair Hamdani, Jaun, Hur, Nafe’ Bin Hilal, etc.Zuhair Ibn Qayn, Burair Hamdani, Jaun, Hur, Nafe’ Bin Hilal, etc.
 By noon time the Imam stopped the fight to perform the Salat.By noon time the Imam stopped the fight to perform the Salat.
 By this time those left were mainly his family and a few supporters. TheyBy this time those left were mainly his family and a few supporters. They
performed the Salat together. Two supporters were guarding the performersperformed the Salat together. Two supporters were guarding the performers
of Salat. When Salat was finished one of the guards fell dead; there were 17of Salat. When Salat was finished one of the guards fell dead; there were 17
arrows in his back. arrows in his back.

30. Family Members seek MartyrdomFamily Members seek Martyrdom
 The Ansars fulfilled their oath and lay martyred.The Ansars fulfilled their oath and lay martyred.
 Now it was time for the family members to show the bra very of BanuNow it was time for the family members to show the bra very of Banu
Hashim.Hashim.
 Next to the battle field went the sons of Bibi Zainab – Aun and Muhammad,Next to the battle field went the sons of Bibi Zainab – Aun and Muhammad,
the son of Imam Hassan (as) Janabe Qassim and their cousins (about 17 ofthe son of Imam Hassan (as) Janabe Qassim and their cousins (about 17 of
them).them).
 They were all in their teens but each stood bravely, believing in the mission,They were all in their teens but each stood bravely, believing in the mission,
facing a formidable enemy, and showed no less enthusiasm in their quest tofacing a formidable enemy, and showed no less enthusiasm in their quest to
embrace the martyrdom. embrace the martyrdom.
 Janabe Qassim’s body was trampled by the hooves of the enemies’ horses;Janabe Qassim’s body was trampled by the hooves of the enemies’ horses;
and the bodies of Aun and Muhammad were torn apart by arrows and spears.and the bodies of Aun and Muhammad were torn apart by arrows and spears.
 The mothers thanked Allah (swt) for accepting these supreme sacrifices.The mothers thanked Allah (swt) for accepting these supreme sacrifices.

31.  Soon after, brothers of Hazrat Abbas went to fight and gotSoon after, brothers of Hazrat Abbas went to fight and got
martyred.martyred.
 Abbas on request of Bibi Sakina went toward the river EuphratesAbbas on request of Bibi Sakina went toward the river Euphrates
to bring some water for the thirsty children.to bring some water for the thirsty children.
 He engaged the enemy in a fierce fighting, almost doing theHe engaged the enemy in a fierce fighting, almost doing the
impossible, and getting the water for children.impossible, and getting the water for children.
 While he was returning on his horse with the water, he wasWhile he was returning on his horse with the water, he was
attacked by a large horde of the enemy, overwhelming andattacked by a large horde of the enemy, overwhelming and
severely wounding him.severely wounding him.
 As much as he tried Abbas could not save the water, he fell fromAs much as he tried Abbas could not save the water, he fell from
his horse to breath his last. his horse to breath his last.
 Hussein’s back was broken and children were left without water.Hussein’s back was broken and children were left without water.
Abbas,Abbas,
The Flag Bearer of KarbalaThe Flag Bearer of Karbala

32. The Replica of the Prophet, Ali AkberThe Replica of the Prophet, Ali Akber
 Ali Akbar, Husain's son who was 18 and a model of the ProphetAli Akbar, Husain's son who was 18 and a model of the Prophet
(s) obtained permission to fight and dashed toward the enemy.(s) obtained permission to fight and dashed toward the enemy.
 He engaged them in fierce fighting, falling on them like thunder,He engaged them in fierce fighting, falling on them like thunder,
slaying numerous fighters.slaying numerous fighters.
 He continued to move forward, deep inside the enemy. TheHe continued to move forward, deep inside the enemy. The
enemy was overpowering in number, it overwhelmed him cuttingenemy was overpowering in number, it overwhelmed him cutting
him with swords and spears, and his body became nothing buthim with swords and spears, and his body became nothing but
wounds gushing blood, until he died.wounds gushing blood, until he died.
 Imam Husain (a.s.) rushed to the area and picked up theImam Husain (a.s.) rushed to the area and picked up the
wounded limp body and brought it to the appalled camp. Hiswounded limp body and brought it to the appalled camp. His
sister and others in the camp were horrified and shocked at thesister and others in the camp were horrified and shocked at the
scene. scene.
 Now Imam Hussein (s) is left alone.Now Imam Hussein (s) is left alone.

33. Ali Asgher goes to the BattlefieldAli Asgher goes to the Battlefield
 By the afternoon 72 brave persons had sacrificed their lives in Karbala to saveBy the afternoon 72 brave persons had sacrificed their lives in Karbala to save
Islam.Islam.
 All had fought under nerve racking conditions, but Hussein endured all thatAll had fought under nerve racking conditions, but Hussein endured all that
and more.and more.
 Remaining the only one, Imam Husain was to face the enemy head on. HeRemaining the only one, Imam Husain was to face the enemy head on. He
cried a final plea: HAL MIN NAASIRIN YANSURUNA … Is there any onecried a final plea: HAL MIN NAASIRIN YANSURUNA … Is there any one
who can help us …..who can help us …..
 Precisely at that moment Imam Husain heard his baby Ali Asgher crying.Precisely at that moment Imam Husain heard his baby Ali Asgher crying.
 He held the six months old baby, Ali Asghar in his arms, and appealed to theHe held the six months old baby, Ali Asghar in his arms, and appealed to the
enemy fighters for some water.enemy fighters for some water.
 Imam wanted to awaken their conscience and stir their human feelings butImam wanted to awaken their conscience and stir their human feelings but
the stone-hearted enemy, instead of giving water, zoomed an arrow towardthe stone-hearted enemy, instead of giving water, zoomed an arrow toward
the agonizing baby and killed him instantly.the agonizing baby and killed him instantly.
 Imam Husain was shocked. He felt an unbearable wave of pain. The sight ofImam Husain was shocked. He felt an unbearable wave of pain. The sight of
the limp baby in his arms was agonizingly painful.the limp baby in his arms was agonizingly painful.
 How would he show the dead body of Asgher to his mother? How would he show the dead body of Asgher to his mother?

34. Imam Hussein offers MartyrdomImam Hussein offers Martyrdom
 Imam Husain (a.s.) was alone, one man against thousands. He took them on, fightingImam Husain (a.s.) was alone, one man against thousands. He took them on, fighting
them bravely, and kept fighting, receiving many wounds in the process.them bravely, and kept fighting, receiving many wounds in the process.
 Thousands of enemy fighters were surrounding him but none dared to move towardThousands of enemy fighters were surrounding him but none dared to move toward
him.him.
 The enemy attacked collectively, and showered arrows. Blood gushed from his bodyThe enemy attacked collectively, and showered arrows. Blood gushed from his body
like a fountain. Imam Husain (a.s.) felt numb as he fell to the ground, bleedinglike a fountain. Imam Husain (a.s.) felt numb as he fell to the ground, bleeding
profusely.profusely.
 The enemy gathered and started to hit the body of the Grandson of the Prophet withThe enemy gathered and started to hit the body of the Grandson of the Prophet with
their swords.their swords.
 He was near the point of death, even though staggering he tried to stand by leaning onHe was near the point of death, even though staggering he tried to stand by leaning on
his sword. Then he received the fatal blow. his sword. Then he received the fatal blow.
 Imam Hussein went to Sajda. It was at this point, that Shimr came forward andImam Hussein went to Sajda. It was at this point, that Shimr came forward and
severed Imam Husain's noble head from the body, the noble head kissed often by thesevered Imam Husain's noble head from the body, the noble head kissed often by the
Prophet (pbuh)!Prophet (pbuh)!

35. Prisoners of KarbalaPrisoners of Karbala
 Umar Ibn Sa'ad ordered the horsemen to trample upon the bodies ofUmar Ibn Sa'ad ordered the horsemen to trample upon the bodies of
Imam Husain and all others killed, to disfigure them even further, as ifImam Husain and all others killed, to disfigure them even further, as if
the wounds, the bloodied bodies, and the headless forms were notthe wounds, the bloodied bodies, and the headless forms were not
enough. enough.
 For three days the exposed bodies of the martyrs were left lying in theFor three days the exposed bodies of the martyrs were left lying in the
desert of Karbala. Afterwards, the people of the tribe of Bani-Asad,desert of Karbala. Afterwards, the people of the tribe of Bani-Asad,
who were not far away from the battle field, helped bury them. who were not far away from the battle field, helped bury them.
 Umar Ibn Sa'ad and his forces took the women and children asUmar Ibn Sa'ad and his forces took the women and children as
prisoners in shackles, put them on camels, and proceeded in a caravanprisoners in shackles, put them on camels, and proceeded in a caravan
from Karbala to Kufa and then to Shaam.from Karbala to Kufa and then to Shaam.
 At the forefront of the procession were the heads of Imam HusainAt the forefront of the procession were the heads of Imam Husain
(a.s.) and his followers on the tip of spears. This was the leftover of the(a.s.) and his followers on the tip of spears. This was the leftover of the
beloved family of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), in such a deplorablebeloved family of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), in such a deplorable
unimaginable condition, all caused by people who called themselvesunimaginable condition, all caused by people who called themselves
Muslims! Muslims!

36. Long Lasting Effects of KarbalaLong Lasting Effects of Karbala
 The startling events in Karbala proved like a powerful volcano that shook theThe startling events in Karbala proved like a powerful volcano that shook the
very foundation of Muslims, it stirred their consciousness and made themvery foundation of Muslims, it stirred their consciousness and made them
alert and observant.alert and observant.
 The tragic event became the beacon of light to always remind Muslims toThe tragic event became the beacon of light to always remind Muslims to
practice Islam honestly and sincerely, to do what is right irrespective ofpractice Islam honestly and sincerely, to do what is right irrespective of
consequences, and fear no one except Allah (swt). consequences, and fear no one except Allah (swt).
 Within a few decades the rule of Banu Umayya crumbled and came to an end,Within a few decades the rule of Banu Umayya crumbled and came to an end,
thus it marked the victory of Truth and Justice against dictatorship andthus it marked the victory of Truth and Justice against dictatorship and
oppression.oppression.
 The tragedy of Karbala taught humanity a lesson that standing for the truthThe tragedy of Karbala taught humanity a lesson that standing for the truth
and fighting unto death for it is more honorable and valuable than submittingand fighting unto death for it is more honorable and valuable than submitting
to the wrongful.to the wrongful.
 The event of Karbala taught us the lessons of Jihad, Steadfastness, Patience,The event of Karbala taught us the lessons of Jihad, Steadfastness, Patience,
Sacrifice and Martyrdom.Sacrifice and Martyrdom.
 It strengthened the teachings of Islam such as: Salat, Hijab, Loyalty, Amr BilIt strengthened the teachings of Islam such as: Salat, Hijab, Loyalty, Amr Bil
Ma’ruf and Nahyi Anil Munkar. Ma’ruf and Nahyi Anil Munkar.

37. Lessons from KarbalaLessons from Karbala
 Don’t accept humiliationDon’t accept humiliation. Imam Hussein (as): “Death is better. Imam Hussein (as): “Death is better
than humiliation”.than humiliation”.
 Be independent of JudgmentBe independent of Judgment. Don’t follow blindly. Imam (as). Don’t follow blindly. Imam (as)
said to Yazid’s troops: “O followers of Abu Sufyan, if you aresaid to Yazid’s troops: “O followers of Abu Sufyan, if you are
not following the teachings of Islam, then as free men, benot following the teachings of Islam, then as free men, be
independent of judgment”.independent of judgment”.
 Support the TruthSupport the Truth. Imam Hussein (as): “Don't you see that. Imam Hussein (as): “Don't you see that
Truth has been replaced by falsehood. We must be prepared toTruth has been replaced by falsehood. We must be prepared to
sacrifice everything that is precious in support of Truth!“. H. Alisacrifice everything that is precious in support of Truth!“. H. Ali
Akbar: “If we are the Truth, then it makes no difference if deathAkbar: “If we are the Truth, then it makes no difference if death
comes to us or if we approach death.“comes to us or if we approach death.“
 It is never too late to repentIt is never too late to repent. H. Hur joined Imam’s army in. H. Hur joined Imam’s army in
the last moment and became one of the first martyrs.the last moment and became one of the first martyrs.
 Loyalty in the time of hardshipLoyalty in the time of hardship. Companions of Imam. Companions of Imam
Hussein did not leave him in the time of sacrifice. John, the ex-Hussein did not leave him in the time of sacrifice. John, the ex-
slave of Abudhar: "It is not fair that I benefit from yourslave of Abudhar: "It is not fair that I benefit from your
company and hospitality but abandon you in your hardship?”company and hospitality but abandon you in your hardship?”

38. Lessons from KarbalaLessons from Karbala
 Participation of LadiesParticipation of Ladies. Ladies can play a great role in any. Ladies can play a great role in any
movement as in Karabala.movement as in Karabala.
 TO PLEASE ALLAH : The objective of all believers should beTO PLEASE ALLAH : The objective of all believers should be
the pleasure of Allah. Imam Hussein (as) said: “The onlythe pleasure of Allah. Imam Hussein (as) said: “The only
objective of the Prophet's household is to please Allah”.objective of the Prophet's household is to please Allah”.
 GIVING PREFERENCE TO THE NEEDS OF OTHERS: H.GIVING PREFERENCE TO THE NEEDS OF OTHERS: H.
Abbas on reaching river Furat did not drink water thinking theAbbas on reaching river Furat did not drink water thinking the
thirst of the children.thirst of the children.
 PATIENCE IN ADVERSITY: Those who saw Imam HusseinPATIENCE IN ADVERSITY: Those who saw Imam Hussein
(as) on the Day of Ashura reported. "We have never seen a man(as) on the Day of Ashura reported. "We have never seen a man
remaining as composed as Imam whereas his relatives andremaining as composed as Imam whereas his relatives and
children were slaughtered before his eyes.”children were slaughtered before his eyes.”
 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF AMR BIL MA’RUF : ImamTHE SIGNIFICANCE OF AMR BIL MA’RUF : Imam
Hussein a.s. declared: “The only objective of seek reform and toHussein a.s. declared: “The only objective of seek reform and to
do `Amr bil Marouf and Nahy anil Munkar' (Enjoining good anddo `Amr bil Marouf and Nahy anil Munkar' (Enjoining good and
forbidding evil).”forbidding evil).”

39. Lessons from KarbalaLessons from Karbala
 THE USE OF LAWFUL MEANS : Imam Hussein a.s. to UmarTHE USE OF LAWFUL MEANS : Imam Hussein a.s. to Umar
ibn Sa'd: "You are promised government over `Ray' yet you willibn Sa'd: "You are promised government over `Ray' yet you will
never eat the wheat of that area”. Imam taught us that: "Thosenever eat the wheat of that area”. Imam taught us that: "Those
who use unlawful means to achieve their objectives never attainwho use unlawful means to achieve their objectives never attain
them.”them.”
 CHASTITY AND HIJAB: When prisoners of Karbala arrivedCHASTITY AND HIJAB: When prisoners of Karbala arrived
at Damascus, Imam Sajjad a.s. asked that the `heads' of martyrsat Damascus, Imam Sajjad a.s. asked that the `heads' of martyrs
be removed from the proximity of the women in order tobe removed from the proximity of the women in order to
protect them from spectators”.protect them from spectators”.
 A WIDER UNDERSTANDING OF DEATH: Imam HusseinA WIDER UNDERSTANDING OF DEATH: Imam Hussein
(as) said: "Death is an adornment of life as a necklace is an(as) said: "Death is an adornment of life as a necklace is an
adornment of a beautiful woman”. “Whoever joins us will beadornment of a beautiful woman”. “Whoever joins us will be
martyred, those who remain behind will miss the victory."martyred, those who remain behind will miss the victory."

40. Continuing the Effects ofContinuing the Effects of
Karbala through AzadariKarbala through Azadari
 Salam narrates: “I went to visit Umm Salamah and found her weeping.Salam narrates: “I went to visit Umm Salamah and found her weeping.
I asked her what was making her weep and she replied that she hadI asked her what was making her weep and she replied that she had
seen Allah's Messenger (s) (meaning in a dream) with dust on his headseen Allah's Messenger (s) (meaning in a dream) with dust on his head
and beard. She asked him what was the matter and he replied, "I haveand beard. She asked him what was the matter and he replied, "I have
just been present at the slaying of al-Husayn.just been present at the slaying of al-Husayn.
 Imam Sadiq (as): He whose eyes shed tears for our blood which hasImam Sadiq (as): He whose eyes shed tears for our blood which has
been shed, or for our rights which have been usurped, or for thebeen shed, or for our rights which have been usurped, or for the
humiliation meted out to us, or to one of our Shias, Allah shallhumiliation meted out to us, or to one of our Shias, Allah shall
accommodate him in Paradise”.accommodate him in Paradise”.
 Imam Sadiq (as) said: “Any one who recites poetry about ImamImam Sadiq (as) said: “Any one who recites poetry about Imam
Hussein (as) and weeps and makes others weep by means of it, AllahHussein (as) and weeps and makes others weep by means of it, Allah
will make paradise incumbent upon him and forgive his sins”.will make paradise incumbent upon him and forgive his sins”.
 Imam Sadiq (as) said: “May Allah (swt) show mercy on those whoImam Sadiq (as) said: “May Allah (swt) show mercy on those who
revive our missions”.revive our missions”.