A presentation from the WCCA 2011 event held in Brisbane, Australia.

1. WELCOME Wheat Research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Gazipur Dr. Md. Ataur Rahman

2. Rice straw mulching and nitrogen requirement to improve productivity of no-till wheat following rice in Bangladesh M. A. Rahman, NCD Barma, T. P. Tiwari and J. G. Lauren

5. No-till Wheat following rice No-till Maize following wheat PTPR No-till rice (DSR) following maize Attempts to address the constraints

6. Farmers remained with their traditional system. Preferred well till soil for upland crops and Well puddling for wetland rice.

7. Crop residue has the multiple use, as feed and fuel. Also rice straw is used in thatching the rural huts. Thus the retention of crop residue is rare in Bangladesh. What is about crop residue retention?

11. Fig. 1: Effect of mulch and N levels on surface soil moisture in time First year 2nd year 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Days after sowing Soil moisture (%) N0 N80 N120 N160 2001-02 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Days after sowing Soil moisture (%) N0 N80 N120 N160 2000-01 First year 2nd year ↑ IR ↑ IR ↑ IR ↑ IR

12. Fig. 2: Effect of mulch and N levels on weed growth 2 nd Year 0 30 60 90 120 150 0 20 35 45 Days after sowing Dry matter (g m -2 ) N0 N80 N120 N160 2 nd Year 0 30 60 90 120 150 0 20 35 45 Days after sowing Dry matter (g m -2 ) M0 M1 M2 0 30 60 90 120 150 0 20 35 45 Days after sowing Dry matter (g m -2 ) N0 N80 N120 N160 1 st Year 0 30 60 90 120 150 0 20 35 45 Days after sowing Dry matter (g m -2 ) M0 M1 M2 1 st Year 2 nd Year

13. Fig. 3: Interaction effect of mulch and N levels on number of spikes/m 2 of no-till wheat N levels

14. Table1: Root growth of no-till wheat at anthesis stage under different mulch and N levels 1.33 ab 0.36 a 1.45 a 52.54 a N 160 1.49 a 0.33 a 1.44 a 46.20 b N 120 1.21 b 0.31 a 1.40 a 38.45 c N 80 1.05 c 0.15 b 0.82 b 19.29 d N 0 N levels 1.50 a 0.38 a 1.69 a 47.5 a M 2 1.44 a 0.35 a 1.61 a 45.4 a M 1 0.76 b 0.23 b 0.69 b 24.6 b M 0 Mulch levels Root length density (cm/cc) Root weight density (mg/cc) Root weight (g/plant) Shoot weight (g/plant) Treatment

15. Fig. 4: Interaction effect of mulch and N levels on N uptake of no-till wheat N levels

16. Table 2: Effect of mulch and N levels on grain yield of wheat (Mean of 2 years, in t ha -1 ) Capital letters to compare mulch effect under any N level and small lettering to compare N effect under any mulch level 3.90 A a 3.81 A a 2.81 B a N 160 3.98 A a 3.72 A a 2.16 B b N 120 2.67 A b 2.58 A b 1.73 B c N 80 0.75 A c 0.72 A c 0.45 B d N 0 M 2 M 1 M 0 Treat-ment

17. Fig. 5: Nitrogen level Vs. grain yield relationship under different much treatments. M 2 Grain Yield (kg/ha) 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 0 80 120 160 N (kg ha -1 ) M 0 0 80 120 160 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 80 120 160 M 1 N (kg ha -1 ) y = 388 + 30.2x - 0.132x 2 R 2 = 0.898 Optimum N Dose = 115 kg ha -1 N (kg ha -1 ) Grain Yield (kg/ha) y = 364 + 27.1x - 0.111x 2 R 2 = 0.916 Optimum N Dose = 122 kg ha -1 y = 17.5x + 216 R 2 = 0.965

19. Acknowledgement

20. Thank you very much BARI Anthurium-1 BARI Gerbera- 1