Climate Responsive Building Envelops for Museums and Galleries
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Climate Responsive Building Envelops for Museums and Galleries by Steensen Varming http://www.steensenvarming.com/
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Climate Responsive Building Envelops for Museums and Galleries
- 1. IAMFA 2013 Climate Responsive Building Envelops for Museums and Galleries Chris Arkins Emrah Baki Ulas STEENSEN VARMING If a building becomes architecture, then it is art. Clearly if a building is not functionally and technically in order, then it isn’t architecture either, it’s just a building. Arne Jacobsen Mechanical Engineering Lighting Design Sustainable Design Electrical Engineering Copenhagen London Sydney Hong Kong New York Level 8, 9 Castlereagh Street Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia t : +61 / 02 9967 2200 e : info@steensenvarming.com
- 2. STEENSEN VARMING Climate Responsive Design ‘Outside the Box’ Varying Climates New York Los Angeles Sydney Canberra Hong Kong Copenhagen Denmark ‘The Box’ Building Construction Light / Medium / Heavy Weight Rate of Change Building air tightness Hydroscopic effect of thermal mass Optimum Solution ‘Inside the Box’ Industry accepted Setpoint vs Rescheduled Setpoints - The Box
- 3. STEENSEN VARMING Our Box Lake Burley Griffin Office Wing Main Entrance Gallery King Edward Terrace
- 4. STEENSEN VARMING Our Box Building Area = 14,577 m² / 160,000 ft² Gallery Space = 2,929 m² BOH / Store = 671 m² Office/Admin = 1,087 m² Cafe = 249 m² Entry/Foyer = 756 m² Auditorium = 513 m² Car Park / Plnt = 7,873 m² Other = 552 m² 20% 4% 7% 2%5% 4% 54% 4% Gallery BOH Office Café Entry/Foyer Auditorium and Function Car Park and Plant Other
- 5. STEENSEN VARMING Our Box 44% 9% 16% 4% 11% 8% 8% Gallery BOH Office Café Entry/Foyer Auditorium and Function Other Building Area = 14,577 m² Gallery Space = 2,929 m² BOH / Store = 671 m² Office/Admin = 1,087 m² Cafe = 249 m² Entry/Foyer = 756 m² Auditorium = 513 m² Car Park / Plnt = 7,873 m² Other = 552 m²
- 8. STEENSEN VARMING 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 Equipment Lights People 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% SensibleLoad MEETING ROOMS Equipment Lights People Weekday Diversified Load Profiles Plant Hours Weekday - 9am to 7pm Weekend - Off Design Loads (peak) People - 33 W/m² Equipment - 10 W/m² Lights - 15 W/m² Diversified loads for people, lights and equipment for each zone Different load and occupancy profiles for weekdays and weekends Hours of operation 9am -7pm (Non Critical spaces) 24/7 (Close Control areas) Load Profiles
- 9. STEENSEN VARMING Test reference year Hourly data Weather Data Direct Solar Vs. Diffuse Solar Region - Sydney - Relatively Clear Sky 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Time of Day SolarRadiation 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 CloudCover%(grey)-Outsideair temperature°C(green) global diffuse cloud cover Temp
- 10. STEENSEN VARMING ‘Outside the Box’
- 11. STEENSEN VARMING ‘Outside the Box’ Climates
- 24. STEENSEN VARMING ‘The Box’ External Wall Constructions Light Weight External Cladding Insulation Internal Lining U-Value 0.28 W/m².K Thermal Lag 6.1 hrs Medium Weight External Cladding Insulation 180mm Core filled Concrete blocks Ventilated air gap Internal lining U-Value 0.28 W/m².K Thermal Lag 9.0 hrs Heavy Weight External Cladding Insulation 250mm Core filled Concrete blocks Ventilated air gap Internal lining U-Value 0.28 W/m².K Thermal Lag 11.5 hrs Light Weight Internal lining Studs Internal lining U-Value 0.28 W/m².K Thermal Lag 1.0 hrs Internal Wall Constructions Heavy Weight 180mm Core filled Concrete blocks U-Value 0.28 W/m².K Thermal Lag 6.9 hrs Heavy Weight 250mm Core filled Concrete blocks U-Value 0.28 W/m².K Thermal Lag 9.3 hrs
- 25. STEENSEN VARMING Mass of Structure
- 26. STEENSEN VARMING Mass of Structure
- 28. STEENSEN VARMING Rate of Change
- 29. STEENSEN VARMING Moisture Buffering Material Water vapour permeability δ Density ρ Moisture capacity ξ Calculated moisture effusivity at 20 °C bm kg/(m s Pa) kg/m3 kg/kg kg/(m2 Pa s1/2) Pine 1 · 10-12 450 0.0800 1.24 · 10-7 Beech 1 · 10-12 700 0.0750 1.50 · 10-7 Oak 1 · 10-12 740 0.0600 1.38 · 10-7 Unfired brick 30 · 10-12 1500 0.0300 7.60 · 10-7 Aerated concrete 30 · 10-12 650 0.0661 7.42 · 10-7 Concrete 2 · 10-12 2300 0.0300 2.43 · 10-7 Yellow brick 15 · 10-12 1680 0.0050 2.32 · 10-7 = 0.0568 ∙ ∙ ∙ g/(m2 %RH) = ∙ ∙ kg/(m2 Pa s1/2)
- 30. STEENSEN VARMING Hydroscopic Effect of Mass
- 31. STEENSEN VARMING Hydroscopic Effect of Mass
- 32. STEENSEN VARMING Sydney 0,003 0,004 0,005 0,006 0,007 0,008 0,009 0,01 0,011 0,012 0,013 1 745 1489 2233 2977 3721 4465 5209 5953 6697 7441 8185 Moisturecontent[kg/kgdryair] Hour in year Calculated indoor moisture content in each time step before adjusting to control set-point Contemporary gallery - Sydney climate Inactive surface Hygroscopic surface Moisture set-point
- 33. STEENSEN VARMING Canberra 0,003 0,004 0,005 0,006 0,007 0,008 0,009 0,01 0,011 0,012 1 745 1489 2233 2977 3721 4465 5209 5953 6697 7441 8185 Moisturecontent[kg/kgdryair] Hour in year Calculated indoor moisture content in each time step before adjusting to control set-point Contemporary gallery - Canberra climate Inactive surface Hygroscopic surface Moisture set-point
- 34. STEENSEN VARMING Hong Kong 0,003 0,005 0,007 0,009 0,011 0,013 0,015 0,017 1 745 1489 2233 2977 3721 4465 5209 5953 6697 7441 8185 Moisturecontent[kg/kgdryair] Hour in year Calculated indoor moisture content in each time step before adjusting to control set-point Contemporary gallery - Hong Kong climate Inactive surface Hygroscopic surface Moisture set-point
- 35. STEENSEN VARMING Los Angeles 0,003 0,004 0,005 0,006 0,007 0,008 0,009 0,01 0,011 0,012 1 745 1489 2233 2977 3721 4465 5209 5953 6697 7441 8185 Moisturecontent[kg/kgdryair] Hour in year Calculated indoor moisture content in each time step before adjusting to control set-point Contemporary gallery - Los Angeles climate Inactive surface Hygroscopic surface Moisture set-point
- 36. STEENSEN VARMING New York 0,003 0,004 0,005 0,006 0,007 0,008 0,009 0,01 0,011 0,012 0,013 1 745 1489 2233 2977 3721 4465 5209 5953 6697 7441 8185 Moisturecontent[kg/kgdryair] Hour in year Calculated indoor moisture content in each time step before adjusting to control set-point Contemporary gallery - New York climate Inactive surface Hygroscopic surface Moisture set-point
- 37. STEENSEN VARMING Copenhagen 0,003 0,004 0,005 0,006 0,007 0,008 0,009 0,01 0,011 0,012 1 745 1489 2233 2977 3721 4465 5209 5953 6697 7441 8185 Moisturecontent[kg/kgdryair] Hour in year Calculated indoor moisture content in each time step before adjusting to control set-point Contemporary gallery - Copenhagen climate Inactive surface Hygroscopic surface Moisture set-point
- 38. STEENSEN VARMING Hydroscopic Effect of Mass 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Relativeenergysavingonhumiditycontrol Absoluteenergysavingonhumiditycontrol[kWh/year] Part of total internal surface area with aerated concrete [%] Absolut savings Relative savings 30 % corresponding to total wall area
- 39. STEENSEN VARMING ‘Inside the Box’
- 40. STEENSEN VARMING ‘Inside the Box’ Industry accepted set point 20°C/68°F 50% RH Seasonally adjusted set point 23°C /73°F 55% RH (Summer) 21.5°C/70°F 50% RH (Mid Season) 20°C /68°F 45% RH (Winter)
- 43. STEENSEN VARMING IAMFA 2013 Climate Responsive Design for Museums and Galleries Chris Arkins Emrah Baki Ulas steensenvarming.com