7. The Start of Life
The Onset of Development
Germinal Stage
(first 2 weeks)
Embryonic Stage
(two to eight weeks)
Fetal Stage
(eight weeks until birth)
8. The Competent Newborn
Reflexes
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/shared_hss_assets/psychology/dev_vid/video_pop-ups/feldman_vi
9. The Competent Newborn: Milestones
•Head up • One word
•Rolling over • Sentences
•Standing alone
•Crawling
•Cruising
•Walking
10. Psychosocial Development
In Childhood
• Harlows: Attachment
determined by contact
comfort, rather than food.
• (Attachment to an
inanimate object is not
sufficient for normal social
development.)
• [next]
11. Cognitive Development
In Childhood
• Jean Piaget proposed that cognitive development progresses
through a series of qualitative stages [next]
12. Cognitive Development
In Childhood
• Sensorimotor
• Preoperational (near end of second year – ~7): Operation
= mental action
– Symbolic functioning
– Centration; egocentrism [next]
• Concrete Operations
• Formal Operations
– Love, shades of gray, values
13. Adolescence
• Puberty
– Development of primary and secondary sex characteristics.
– “The adolescent growth spurt”
– Girls begin their growth spurts earlier (approx. 2 years) and complete them
earlier.
– By age 13, boys are taller on average.
• Androgens
• Estrogens
• Menarche
• Cultural trends
• Secular trends shows earlier maturation (next slide)
16. Middle Adulthood
• Physical changes > characterized by a gradual decline.
• Visual and auditory sensitivity declines, muscle strength
decreases, and reaction time
• Hormonal changes > menopause; marks the end of
childbearing.
• Decrease in estrogen production can lead to osteoporosis.
17. Late Adulthood
• increase in susceptibility to
disease.
• Dementia: degenerative,
irreversable
• ~1/3 of 85+ may suffer from
Alzheimer's disease
• Erikson: integrity versus despair
– People who are unable to put their
life in perspective may experience
anger, bitterness, and despair.
18. Death, Dying, and Bereavement
• Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
– Denial
– Anger
– Bargaining
– Depression
– Acceptance