2. The current population of the Republic of the
Philippines is estimated to be approximately 97.704
million people, which is an increase of 3.0% from the last
record of the population. Historically, the population of
the Philippines had been less than the population of the
population of Vietnam. However, at the turn of the
century, the populations of the two countries overlapped
and then the population of the Philippines became
greater. Based on the total land area and the total
population of the country, the population density is
estimated to be about 797.2 people per square mile.
Philippines Population 2013
http://www.worldpopulationstatistics.com/philip
pines-population-2013/

3. The Republic of the
Philippines comprising
7,107 islands, the 5th
longest coastline in the
world

4. Total Number of OFWs is Estimated at
2.2 Million (Results from the 2012
Survey on Overseas Filipinos)
Reference Number:
2013-116
Release Date:
Thursday, July 11, 2013
Remittances hit record high of $25.1 B
in 2013
(philstar.com) | Upd
ated February 17,
2014 - 11:30pm

5. The Philippines has a presidential, unitary
form of government (with some
modification, there is one autonomous
region largely free from the national
government), where the President
functions as both head of state and head
of government and is commander –in-
chief of the armed forces. The president is
elected by popular vote to a single six-year
term, during which time she or he appoints
and presides over the cabinet

6. In Unitary System the central
government is the nation as a whole
The element of subordination appears
in any definition of local government. By
nature, local governments are
subordinate entities, having no inherent
powers and must look up to the higher
governmental level for delegation of
authority

7. The bicameral Congress is
composed of a Senate, serving as
the upper house, with members
elected to a six-year term, and a
House of representative, serving as
the lower house. with members
elected to a three-year term. They
are elected from both legislative
districts and through sectoral
representation

8. The judicial power is vested in the Supreme
Court, composed of a Chief Justice as its
presiding officer and fourteen associate justices
appointed by the Philippine President from
nominations submitted by the Judicial and Bar
Council
There have been attempts to change the
government to a federal, unicameral, or
parliamentary beginning in the term of Ramos
up to the present administration

9. Definition
• The UN (1962) defines local governments
as “political subdivisions of a nation or
state”
• Two important elements are therefore
found in any definition of local government
– the presence of a higher authority and
territorial boundary

10. • While local government do not have
inherent powers, they do have legal
authority to exercise their powers
• The extent of local governments exercise
authority delegated to them varies
according to their capabilities

11. Administrative Divisions
The Philippines is divided into three island
groups: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
These are divided into 17 regions, 81
provinces, 144 cities, 1,490 municipalities
and 42,028 barangays
PSGC Summary. National Statistical
Coordination Board. December 31, 2013.
Retrieved 4 February 2014.

12. Local government hierarchy. The
dashed lines emanating from the
president means that the
President only exercises general
supervision on local government

13. Concepts and Definitions
Local Government Units:
Region - A sub-national administrative unit
comprising of several provinces having
more or less homogenous characteristics,
such as ethnic origin of inhabitants, dialect
spoken, agricultural produce, etc.

14. Regions
Region Designation Regional center
Ilocos Region Region I San Fernando, La Union
Cagayan Valley Region II Tuguegarao, Cagayan
Central Luzon Region III San Fernando, Pampanga
CALABARZON Region IV-A Calamba City, Laguna
MIMAROPA Region IV-B Calapan, Oriental Mindoro
Bicol Region Region V Legazpi, Albay
Western Visayas Region VI Iloilo City
Central Visayas Region VII Cebu City
Eastern Visayas Region VIII Tacloban
Zamboanga Peninsula Region IX Pagadian, Zamboanga del Sur
Northern Mindanao Region X Cagayan de Oro
Davao Region Region XI Davao City
SOCCSKSSARGEN Region XII Kororadal, South Cotabato
Caraga Region XIII Butuan
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao ARMM Cotabato City
Cordillera Administrative Region CAR Baguio
National Capital Region NCR Manila

15. A map of provinces
with national
government regions

16. Concepts and Definitions
Province - The largest unit in the political
structure of the Philippines. It consists, in
varying numbers, of municipalities and, in
some cases, of component cities. Its
functions and duties in relation to its
component cities and municipalities are
generally coordinative and supervisory.

17. Concepts and Definitions
City - There are three classes of cities
in the Philippines: the highly urbanized,
the independent component cities which
are independent of the province, and the
component cities which are part of the
provinces where they are located and
subject to their administrative
supervision.

18. Concepts and Definitions
Municipality - Is a political corporate body
which is endowed with the facilities of a
municipal corporation, exercised by and
through the municipal government in
conformity with law. It is a subsidiary of the
province which consists of a number of
barangays within its territorial boundaries,
one of which is the seat of government
found at the town proper (poblacion).

19. Concepts and Definitions
Barangay - The smallest political unit
into which cities and municipalities in
the Philippines are divided. It is the
basic unit of the Philippine political
system. It consists of less than 1,000
inhabitants residing within the territorial
limit of a city or municipality and
administered by a set of elective
officials, headed by a barangay
chairman (punong barangay).

20. Concepts and Definitions
City Classification
Highly Urbanized Cities
Independent Component Cities
Component Cities

21. Concepts and Definitions
City Classification
Highly Urbanized Cities - Cities with a minimum population of
two hundred thousand (200,000) inhabitants, as certified by the
National Statistics Office, and with the latest annual income of at least
Fifty Million Pesos (P50,000,000.00) based on 1991 constant prices,
as certified by the city treasurer.
Independent Component Cities - Cities whose charters
prohibit their voters from voting for provincial elective officials.
Independent component cities shall be independent of the province.
Component Cities - Cities which do not meet the above
requirements shall be considered component cities of the province in
which they are geographically located. If a component city is located
within the boundaries of two (2) or more provinces, such city shall be
considered a component of the province of which it used to be a
municipality.

22. Concepts and Definitions
Urban/Rural Classification
In the Philippines, “urban” areas fall under the
following categories:
1. In their entirety, all municipal jurisdictions which,
whether designated chartered cities, provincial
capital or not, have a population density of at least
1,000 persons per square kilometer: all barangays;
2. Poblaciones or central districts of municipalities and
cities which have a population density of at least
500 persons square kilometer;

23. 3. Poblaciones or central districts not included in (1) and
(2) regardless of the population size which have the
following:
street pattern or network of streets in either parallel or
right angel orientation;
•at least six establishments (commercial, manufacturing,
recreational and/or personal services);
•at least three of the following:
•a town hall, church or chapel with religious service at
least once a month;
•a public plaza, park or cemetery;
•a market place, or building, where trading activities are
carried on at least once a week;
•a public building, like a school, hospital, puericulture
and health center or library.

24. 4. Barangays having at least 1,000 inhabitants which
meet the conditions set forth in (3) above and where the
occupation of the inhabitants is predominantly non-
farming or fishing.
RURAL AREAS
All poblaciones or central districts and all barrios that do
not meet the requirements for classification of urban.

25. Layers of Local Authority
• Provinces – is the intermediate unit, providing
supervision to the municipalities and component
cities under it and performing services for the
national government
• Cities/Municipalities – performing services for
people who live together in a community
• Barangays (Submunicipal) – provides
opportunity for face to face interaction among
the people.

26. Officials
• Just as the national government, local governments are divided into
three branches: executive, legislative and judiciary. The judicial branch
is administered solely by the Supreme Court of the Philippines. The
LGUs have control of the executive and legislative branch.
• The executive branch is composed of the regional governor for the
autonomous region, governor for the provinces, mayor for the cities and
municipalities, and the barangay captain for the barangays.
• The legislative branch is composed of the regional Legislative Assembly
for the autonomous region, the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial
assembly) for the provinces, Sangguniang Panlungsod (city assembly)
for the cities, Sangguniang Bayan (town assembly) for the
municipalities, Sangguniang Barangay (barangay council), and the
Sangguniang Kabataan for the youth sector

27. Assemblies
• The assemblies review the ordinances and
resolutions enacted by the assemblies
below its jurisdiction. Aside from regular
and ex-officio members, the assemblies
above the barangay level also have three
sectoral representatives, one each from
women, agricultural or industrial workers,
and other sectors

28. LGU Assembly Composition Head
Autonomous
region
Regional
Legislative
Assembly
•24 members:
•Lanao del Sur,
Maguindanao, Sulu:
6 each, 3 elected from
each assembly district
•Basilan (except Isabela),
Tawi-Tawi:
3 each, elected at-large
•Sectoral representatives
varies
Assembly
speaker

29. LGU Assembly Composition Head
Province
Sangguniang
Panlalawigan
•Cebu, Negros Occidental, Pangasinan: 12
SP members, 2 elected from each district
•All other first class and second class
provinces: 10 SP members, with varying
number of members per district
•Third class and fourth class provinces: 8
SP members, with varying number of
members per district
•Fifth class and sixth class provinces: 6 SP
members, with varying number of members
per district
•President of the provincial chapter of the
Liga ng mga Barangay
• President of the provincial federation of the
Sangguniang Kabataan
Sectoral representatives varies
Vice governor

30. LGU Assembly Composition Head
City Sangguniang
Panlungsod
Manila: 36 councilors, 6 elected from
each district
Davao City: 24 councilors, 8 elected
from each district
Quezon City: 24 councilors, 6 elected
from each district
Antipolo, Cagayan de Oro,Cebu City
Makati, Muntinlupa,Parañaque,
Zamboanga City: 16 councilors, 8
elected from each district
Rest of Metro Manila, Calbayog, San
Jose del Monte: 12 councilors, 6 elected
from each district
Samal, Sorsogon City: 12 councilors, 4
elected from each district
Baguio, General Santos, Iloilo City , San
Fernando, La Union, Tuguegarao: 12
councilors, elected at-large
Vice Mayor

31. LGU Assembly Composition Head
City Sangguniang
Panlungsod
•All other cities: 10
councilors, elected at-large
•President of the city
chapter of the Liga ng mga
Barangay
•President of the city
federation of the
Sangguniang Kabataan
•Sectoral representatives
varies
Vice Mayor

32. LGU Assembly Composition Head
Municipality Sangguniang
Bayan
Pateros, Metro Manila: 12
councilors, 6 elected from
each district
All other municipalities: 8
councilors, elected at-large
President of the municipal
chapter of the Liga ng mga
Barangay
President of the municipal
federation of the Sangguniang
Kabataan
Sectoral representatives
Vice Mayor

33. LGU Assembly Composition Head
Barangay Sangguniang
Barangay
•7 members elected at-large
•Sangguniang Kabataan
chairperson
Barangay
captain
Sangguniang
Kabataan
•7 members elected at-large Sangguniang
Kabataan
chairperson

34. All elected officials have 3-year terms,
and can only serve a maximum of
three consecutive terms before being
ineligible for reelection
Elected officials

35. As a matter of principle, higher legislative entities
have the power to create, divide, merge, abolish, or
substantially alter boundaries of any lower-level LGU
through a law or by an ordinance, all subject to approval
by a majority of the votes cast in a plebiscite to be
conducted by the Commission on Election (COMELEC)
in the local government unit or units directly affected. The
Local Government Code has also set requisites for
creating local government units
Creation and Modification of LGUs

36. LGU Area Population Income Legislative
bodies that
can create,
merge,
abolish or
substantiall
y alter the
boundaries
of the LGU
Province 2,000
square
kilometers
250,000 P20 million for the
last two (2)
consecutive years
based on 1991
constant prices
Congress

37. LGU Area Population Income Legislative
bodies that
can create,
merge,
abolish or
substantiall
y alter the
boundaries
of the LGU
City 100
Square
kilometers
150,000 P100 million for
the last two (2)
consecutive years
based on 2000
constant prices
Congress

38. LGU Area Population Income Legislative
bodies that
can create,
merge,
abolish or
substantiall
y alter the
boundaries
of the LGU
Municipality 50 square
kilometer
25,000 P2.5 million for the
last two (2)
consecutive years
based on 1991
constant prices
ARMM
Regional
Assembly

39. LGU Area Population Income Legislative bodies that can
create, merge, abolish or
substantially alter the
boundaries of the LGU
Barangay None 5,000
(Metro
Manila and
highly-
urbanized
cities)
2,000 (rest
of the
country)
None Congress
ARMM Regional
Assembly
Sangguniang
Panlalawigan, with
recommendation
from the concerned
Sangguniang
Bayan(s) required
Sangguniang
Panlungsod

40. Income classification for Provinces
Class Average Annual Income
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
P 350 M or more
P 280 or more but less than P 350 M
P 210 M or more but less that P 280 M
P 140 M or more but not less than P 210 M
P 70 M or more but less than P 140 M
Below P 70 M

41. Income classification for Cities
Class Average Annual Income
Special
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
per Presidential Decree No. 465
P 300 M or more
P 240 M or more but less than P 300M
P 180 M or more but less than P 240M
P 120 M or more but less than P 180M
P 60 M or more but less than P 120 M
Below P 60

42. •(Based on Department of Finance Department Order
No.20-05 Effective July 29, 2005)
Income classification for Municipalities
Class Average Annual Income
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
P 50 M or more
P 40 M or more but less than P 50M
Third P 30 M or more but less than P40M
P 20 M or more but less than P30M
P 10 M or more but less than P20M
Below P 10
(Based on Department of Finance Department Order No.20-
05 Effective July 29, 2005)

43. Changing city status
• Most cities in the Philippines have
essentially remained in their status since
their charters were first given to them.
However, a city's classification can be
upgraded or downgraded depending on
the wishes of the residents and/or leaders
of the city