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FARMERS’ INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES (FITS)

              CENTER IN PANGASINAN.



        ____________________________________




                          A Thesis
       Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School
                Pangasinan State University
                 Urdaneta City, Pangasinan




         __________________________________




                   In Partial Fulfillment
           of the Requirements for the Degree of
           Master in Development Management
                major in Public Management




        ____________________________________



                             by

             MA. KRISTINA EVANGELISTA
                     March 2009


                              i
ABSTRACT

         The study assessed the status of the Farmers’ Information and Technology Services

(FITS) center in Pangasinan. It also determined the extent of implementation of services of

the center and the factors considered in the effective operations of the FITS center, as

perceived by the Site Manager.       The problems encountered and solutions adopted in

operations of FITS center were also looked into.

         The study used the descriptive-evaluative research design. The major instruments

used were the two sets of questionnaires, one for the Site Manager and the other was for the

farmers.    The content validity of both instruments were computed and established.

Questionnaire for farmers were pilot tested to some farmers in City of San Fernando, La

Union.

         The farmers were randomly selected using the simple random sampling techniques

from the copy of the official records provided by FITS Center.


Findings

         Profile of FITS Center. Almost half (40.91%) of the FITS center were located at the

6th congressional district of Pangasinan while a little more than one-fourth (27.27%) were

located at the 5th congressional district, four (18.18%) of them were located at the 3rd

congressional district, while two (9. 09%) of them were located at the 4th congressional

district and one (4.55%) was located at the 1st congressional district. A little more than one-

third (36.36%) of FITS center were established year 2006, a little more than one-half

(54.55%) of them were established year 2007 and three (9.09%) were established year 2008.


                                              ii
All FITS center have an equal number of employees, each has three employees comprises of

the following : one (1) Site Manager, one (1) Technology Service Specialist and one (1)

Information Service Specialist. More than one-half (63.64%) of the FITS center have one

computer unit, five (22.73%) have two-three computer units and three (13.64%) do not have

a computer unit. A little more than one-half (59.09%) of the FITS center have one printer and

nine (40.91%) do not have a printer. A little more than one-half (59.09%) of the FITS center

have one computer unit connected to an Internet and nine (40.91%) have no computer unit

connected to Internet. In terms of internet connectivity, a little less than one-half (40.91%) of

the FITS center were DSL internet connected, two (9.09%) were Broadband Internet

connected, one (4.55%) was Dial-up internet connected, one (4.55%) was ISDN internet

connected and a little less than one-half (40.91%) were not connected. All (100%) of the

FITS center were offering technology information in multimedia format. A little more than

one-half (54.55%) were offering exhibit of new technologies and products, more than one-

half (59.095%) were offering Internet Service and eight (36.36%) were offering Short

Messaging Service, while only ten (45.45%) were offering FITS databases. More than three-

fourth (81.82%) of the FITS center was offering technology training. A little less than one-

half (45.45%) were offering technology clinic/ demonstration, a little more than three-fourth

(77.27%) linked clients-farmers to experts and financial institution and majority (90.91%) of

them were offering technical assistance/ consultancy.

       Extent of Implementation of Services of FITS Center. All the five indicators in

information services were rated by the farmers with a descriptive rating of “Satisfied”

namely: the technology information in multimedia formats used words/ languages/ dialects

that are easy to comprehend and understand (3.106), the technology information in

                                               iii
multimedia formats) is comprehensive, it provides a detailed direction on technical “know

hows” and covered all areas of concerns (3.039), the technology information in multimedia

formats (video, voice, print, etc) have appropriate graphic elements to support the text

elements (3.133), responses to our query on technology information i.e., SMS, Internet are

sufficient, fast and made available within 24 hours (2.816) and the fee/ charge, if any for the

technology information in multimedia formats are reasonable and just (3.020). On the other

hand, all five indicators in the technology services were rated by the farmers with a

descriptive rating of “Least Satisfied” namely: the technology training fee/consultation fee,

if any are reasonable and just (2.549), the duration of technology training is just enough to

acquire new knowledge and skills on certain methodology (2.561), the experts during the

technology training/clinic are really knowledgeable in their own field (2.518), the technology

clinic is strategically available and accessible (2.490) and Staff of the technology

clinic/training are competent, courteous and approachable (2.514).

       Factors Considered in the Effective Operation of the FITS Center. All (100%)

Site Manager perceived that location was one of the factors to be considered in the effective

operation of the center, almost all (95.45%) of them also considered financial resources, a

little more than three-fourths (77.27%) considered human resources, twenty (90.91%)

considered the commitment of local chief executive and nineteen (86.36%) considered

physical resources. A modest (4.55%) suggested that the training/ competency of staff to

manage the center and updated technology information materials should also be considered.

       Problems Encountered and Solutions Adopted in the Operations of FITS Center.

The problems encountered by the Site Manager in the operations of FITS Center were ranked

from one to five in terms of magnitude as follows : Insufficient financial resources to

                                              iv
maintain/ upgrade the center, insufficient information and knowledge on the provisions of

FITS Center, insufficient technology experts in the locality and obsolete and insufficient of

infrastructures,      insufficient   information,   education   and   communication      (IEC)

materials, insufficient staff to manage the center and old and dilapidated building where the

center was located. The solutions adopted were also ranked one to six based on the

decreasing frequencies as follows:     Local Government Units to allocate funds for the

maintenance and other operating expenses of the center, conduct information dissemination

and advocacy program to farmers regarding the provision of the center, purchase new and

modern infrastructures, coordinate with other municipality and concerned agencies, NGOs

for partnership, solicit and purchase additional IEC materials and/or lobby for sponsorship,

recruitment of new personnel to augment manpower needs and lobby for Build, Operate and

Transfer (BOT) and Scheme.

       Benefits Derived from FITS Center. Easy comprehension of technology, made

available in multimedia formats ranked first among the benefits derived from FITS Center.

Coming in second was easy access to experts, firms and financial institutions for partnership.

The third ranked benefits derived from the center are : Internet link that offers unlimited

opportunities to participate in e-commerce through quick information access and quick

response to query through short message service (SMS) technology. The fourth was acquired

new knowledge and a skill through technology training. Ranked fifth was increased

productivity/ profitability. Keep abreast with the latest technology through technology clinic,

reduced operation cost on production cost, establishments of FITS databases for easy

retrieval and updates of information and participates in the planning process by providing

feedbacks in our information needs ranked sixth, seventh and eighth respectively.

                                              v
CONCLUSIONS


       Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are arrived at:

       The FITS Center in Pangasinan are mostly located in the 5th and 6th congressional

district of the province, more than one-half were established year 2007 and have computer

unit and printer, less than one-half have internet connections.

       The farmers satisfied with the information services but least satisfied with technology

services of the center.

       The Site Manager revealed that location was one of the factors to be considered in the

effective operation of the center, followed by financial resources.

        The major problems encountered by the Site Manager in the operation of the FITS

center in Pangasinan boil down to the lack of financial resources that affected the efficient

and effective operation of the center

       Solutions adopted to identified problems by the Site Manager are: local Government

Units to allocate funds for the maintenance and other operating expenses of the center,

conduct information dissemination and advocacy program to farmers regarding the provision

of the center, purchase new and modern infrastructures, coordinate with other municipality

and concerned agencies, NGOs for partnership, solicit and purchase additional IEC materials

and/or lobby for sponsorship, recruitment of new personnel to augment manpower needs and

lobby for Build, Operate and Transfer (BOT) and Scheme.

       Farmers identified some benefits they have enjoyed as follows: easy comprehension

of technology, made available in multimedia formats, easy access to experts, firms and


                                               vi
financial institutions for partnership, Internet link that offers unlimited opportunities to

participate in e-commerce through quick information access, quick response to query through

short message service (SMS) technology. acquired new knowledge and a skill through

technology training, increased productivity/ profitability, keep abreast with the latest

technology through technology clinic, reduced operation cost on production cost,

establishments of FITS databases for easy retrieval and updates of information and

participates in the planning process by providing feedbacks in our information needs.


                                     RECOMMENDATIONS


        On the basis of the foregoing findings and conclusions, the following

recommendations are forwarded:

        Local Government Unit should be tap to allocate funds for the maintenance and other

operating expenses of the FITS center to ensure its sustainability. A sound government policy

must be geared towards the production and provision of adequate high quality Information

and Communication Technology (ICT) services and equipments that match the demand of

the clientele.

        Site Manager should plan their approaches in communication strategies. The focus

should be persuasive and motivational, so farmers will develop faith and high degree of

confidence of the center. All channel of communication should be employed to reach the

end-users. In addition, funds for communication activities must be source out including travel

expenses, operating expenses for the mobility of the extension agents.




                                             vii
Improvement of information technologies in multimedia formats must be spearheaded

as a vital component of all development efforts. These technologies must be in language/

dialect easily understood by clientele.

       Replication of the study is also recommended.




                                           viii

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Farmers Information Technology Services (FITS)

  • 1. FARMERS’ INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES (FITS) CENTER IN PANGASINAN. ____________________________________ A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School Pangasinan State University Urdaneta City, Pangasinan __________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master in Development Management major in Public Management ____________________________________ by MA. KRISTINA EVANGELISTA March 2009 i
  • 2. ABSTRACT The study assessed the status of the Farmers’ Information and Technology Services (FITS) center in Pangasinan. It also determined the extent of implementation of services of the center and the factors considered in the effective operations of the FITS center, as perceived by the Site Manager. The problems encountered and solutions adopted in operations of FITS center were also looked into. The study used the descriptive-evaluative research design. The major instruments used were the two sets of questionnaires, one for the Site Manager and the other was for the farmers. The content validity of both instruments were computed and established. Questionnaire for farmers were pilot tested to some farmers in City of San Fernando, La Union. The farmers were randomly selected using the simple random sampling techniques from the copy of the official records provided by FITS Center. Findings Profile of FITS Center. Almost half (40.91%) of the FITS center were located at the 6th congressional district of Pangasinan while a little more than one-fourth (27.27%) were located at the 5th congressional district, four (18.18%) of them were located at the 3rd congressional district, while two (9. 09%) of them were located at the 4th congressional district and one (4.55%) was located at the 1st congressional district. A little more than one- third (36.36%) of FITS center were established year 2006, a little more than one-half (54.55%) of them were established year 2007 and three (9.09%) were established year 2008. ii
  • 3. All FITS center have an equal number of employees, each has three employees comprises of the following : one (1) Site Manager, one (1) Technology Service Specialist and one (1) Information Service Specialist. More than one-half (63.64%) of the FITS center have one computer unit, five (22.73%) have two-three computer units and three (13.64%) do not have a computer unit. A little more than one-half (59.09%) of the FITS center have one printer and nine (40.91%) do not have a printer. A little more than one-half (59.09%) of the FITS center have one computer unit connected to an Internet and nine (40.91%) have no computer unit connected to Internet. In terms of internet connectivity, a little less than one-half (40.91%) of the FITS center were DSL internet connected, two (9.09%) were Broadband Internet connected, one (4.55%) was Dial-up internet connected, one (4.55%) was ISDN internet connected and a little less than one-half (40.91%) were not connected. All (100%) of the FITS center were offering technology information in multimedia format. A little more than one-half (54.55%) were offering exhibit of new technologies and products, more than one- half (59.095%) were offering Internet Service and eight (36.36%) were offering Short Messaging Service, while only ten (45.45%) were offering FITS databases. More than three- fourth (81.82%) of the FITS center was offering technology training. A little less than one- half (45.45%) were offering technology clinic/ demonstration, a little more than three-fourth (77.27%) linked clients-farmers to experts and financial institution and majority (90.91%) of them were offering technical assistance/ consultancy. Extent of Implementation of Services of FITS Center. All the five indicators in information services were rated by the farmers with a descriptive rating of “Satisfied” namely: the technology information in multimedia formats used words/ languages/ dialects that are easy to comprehend and understand (3.106), the technology information in iii
  • 4. multimedia formats) is comprehensive, it provides a detailed direction on technical “know hows” and covered all areas of concerns (3.039), the technology information in multimedia formats (video, voice, print, etc) have appropriate graphic elements to support the text elements (3.133), responses to our query on technology information i.e., SMS, Internet are sufficient, fast and made available within 24 hours (2.816) and the fee/ charge, if any for the technology information in multimedia formats are reasonable and just (3.020). On the other hand, all five indicators in the technology services were rated by the farmers with a descriptive rating of “Least Satisfied” namely: the technology training fee/consultation fee, if any are reasonable and just (2.549), the duration of technology training is just enough to acquire new knowledge and skills on certain methodology (2.561), the experts during the technology training/clinic are really knowledgeable in their own field (2.518), the technology clinic is strategically available and accessible (2.490) and Staff of the technology clinic/training are competent, courteous and approachable (2.514). Factors Considered in the Effective Operation of the FITS Center. All (100%) Site Manager perceived that location was one of the factors to be considered in the effective operation of the center, almost all (95.45%) of them also considered financial resources, a little more than three-fourths (77.27%) considered human resources, twenty (90.91%) considered the commitment of local chief executive and nineteen (86.36%) considered physical resources. A modest (4.55%) suggested that the training/ competency of staff to manage the center and updated technology information materials should also be considered. Problems Encountered and Solutions Adopted in the Operations of FITS Center. The problems encountered by the Site Manager in the operations of FITS Center were ranked from one to five in terms of magnitude as follows : Insufficient financial resources to iv
  • 5. maintain/ upgrade the center, insufficient information and knowledge on the provisions of FITS Center, insufficient technology experts in the locality and obsolete and insufficient of infrastructures, insufficient information, education and communication (IEC) materials, insufficient staff to manage the center and old and dilapidated building where the center was located. The solutions adopted were also ranked one to six based on the decreasing frequencies as follows: Local Government Units to allocate funds for the maintenance and other operating expenses of the center, conduct information dissemination and advocacy program to farmers regarding the provision of the center, purchase new and modern infrastructures, coordinate with other municipality and concerned agencies, NGOs for partnership, solicit and purchase additional IEC materials and/or lobby for sponsorship, recruitment of new personnel to augment manpower needs and lobby for Build, Operate and Transfer (BOT) and Scheme. Benefits Derived from FITS Center. Easy comprehension of technology, made available in multimedia formats ranked first among the benefits derived from FITS Center. Coming in second was easy access to experts, firms and financial institutions for partnership. The third ranked benefits derived from the center are : Internet link that offers unlimited opportunities to participate in e-commerce through quick information access and quick response to query through short message service (SMS) technology. The fourth was acquired new knowledge and a skill through technology training. Ranked fifth was increased productivity/ profitability. Keep abreast with the latest technology through technology clinic, reduced operation cost on production cost, establishments of FITS databases for easy retrieval and updates of information and participates in the planning process by providing feedbacks in our information needs ranked sixth, seventh and eighth respectively. v
  • 6. CONCLUSIONS Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are arrived at: The FITS Center in Pangasinan are mostly located in the 5th and 6th congressional district of the province, more than one-half were established year 2007 and have computer unit and printer, less than one-half have internet connections. The farmers satisfied with the information services but least satisfied with technology services of the center. The Site Manager revealed that location was one of the factors to be considered in the effective operation of the center, followed by financial resources. The major problems encountered by the Site Manager in the operation of the FITS center in Pangasinan boil down to the lack of financial resources that affected the efficient and effective operation of the center Solutions adopted to identified problems by the Site Manager are: local Government Units to allocate funds for the maintenance and other operating expenses of the center, conduct information dissemination and advocacy program to farmers regarding the provision of the center, purchase new and modern infrastructures, coordinate with other municipality and concerned agencies, NGOs for partnership, solicit and purchase additional IEC materials and/or lobby for sponsorship, recruitment of new personnel to augment manpower needs and lobby for Build, Operate and Transfer (BOT) and Scheme. Farmers identified some benefits they have enjoyed as follows: easy comprehension of technology, made available in multimedia formats, easy access to experts, firms and vi
  • 7. financial institutions for partnership, Internet link that offers unlimited opportunities to participate in e-commerce through quick information access, quick response to query through short message service (SMS) technology. acquired new knowledge and a skill through technology training, increased productivity/ profitability, keep abreast with the latest technology through technology clinic, reduced operation cost on production cost, establishments of FITS databases for easy retrieval and updates of information and participates in the planning process by providing feedbacks in our information needs. RECOMMENDATIONS On the basis of the foregoing findings and conclusions, the following recommendations are forwarded: Local Government Unit should be tap to allocate funds for the maintenance and other operating expenses of the FITS center to ensure its sustainability. A sound government policy must be geared towards the production and provision of adequate high quality Information and Communication Technology (ICT) services and equipments that match the demand of the clientele. Site Manager should plan their approaches in communication strategies. The focus should be persuasive and motivational, so farmers will develop faith and high degree of confidence of the center. All channel of communication should be employed to reach the end-users. In addition, funds for communication activities must be source out including travel expenses, operating expenses for the mobility of the extension agents. vii
  • 8. Improvement of information technologies in multimedia formats must be spearheaded as a vital component of all development efforts. These technologies must be in language/ dialect easily understood by clientele. Replication of the study is also recommended. viii