1. Important Supreme Court Chief Justices Marshall Court: John Marshall (1801-1835) Warren Court: Earl Warren (1953-1969) Burger Court: Warren Burger (1969-1986) Federalist-Decisions strengthened the federal government Conservative- Judicial Restraint - avoid making broad social change Exception: Roe v. Wade (1973) Liberal- Judicial Activism -use the court to make broad social change Brown v. Board Mapp v. Ohio Gideon v.Wainwright Escobedo v. Illinois Miranda v. Arizona Engle v. Vitale Tinker v. Desmoines
4. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) Facts: Miranda was convicted of rape and kidnapping. His conviction was based in part upon incriminating statements he made to police while he was being interrogated. At no time during the questioning did the police tell him that he had the right to an attorney and to remain silent. Issue: Whether Arizona violated Miranda’s 5th, 6th, and 14th amendment rights by not advising him of his right to remain silent .
5. Decision: The Supreme Court found in favor of Miranda. The Court held that police must inform suspects of their right to remain silent and right to an attorney to be present during questioning. **This case established the practice of reading all suspects their Miranda warnings upon being arrested.
