1. Final Study Guide – Social Studies
Unit One – Culture
Page 60
What is population density?
The average number of people per square mile.
Know what the two factors lead to the population boom of the 1900’s.
Higher birth that death rate.
Page 67
Be able to contrast between migration and immigration.
Migration- People that move to a location, but come back.
Immigration- People that move to a location but permanently stay in that location
Know the difference between voluntary and involuntary migration.
Voluntary- People that have and make the choice to migrate.
Involuntary- People that are forced to move to a different location.
Know what are some factors that have lead to involuntary migration in the past and today.
Be able to define urbanization.
The movement of people moving to cities and the growth of those cities.
Page 74
Know what producers and consumers are.
Producers- The people that build the items to sell.
Consumers- The people that buy the items from the producers.
Know the difference between capitalism and communism.
Capitalism- A nation were the people run the government.
Communism- A nation in which the government owns large industries/business and land
Know the difference between developed and developing nations.
Developed- A country that has all the new technology, fuels, and food
Developing- A country that doesn’t have all the technology, fuels, and food that other counties
have.
Know what interdependence is.
When countries depend on one another.
Page 80
Be able to compare and contrast direct democracy and representative democracy.
Direct- The people decide what happens
Representative- The people elect someone to decide for them.

2. Be able to compare and contrast absolute monarchy and constitutional monarchy.
Monarchy- King and queen gain throne from being an heir. The king and queen have complete
control.
Constitutional- King and queen gain throne from being an heir. Parliament decides the laws.
Be able to compare and contrast dictatorship and oligarchy.
Dictatorship- One person rules over everyone else.
Oligarchy- A group of people rules over everyone else.
Know what tribal rule is.
Government based off of cultures and beliefs.
Know what a theocracy is.
A government based around religion.
Know what totalitarianism is.
Government that has total control, and has no mercy on showing there power.
Know what the difference is between an alliance and international organization.
Alliances- Countries that band together to assist other countries in need.
International- Countries that keep peace and make sure that there is nothing bad going on in the
world.
Page 96
Know what social classes are.
Rate people on there religion, wealth, race.
Page 104
Define globalization (also known as cultural diffusion).
When another culture brings there items, or rituals to another culture.
Know what assimilation is.
Absorbing your surroundings
Why are people trying so hard to defend their culture against globalization and assimilation?
People defend globalization and assimilation, because if they lose part of there culture they’ll
never get that part of there culture back.
Page 114
What is the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources.

3. Renewable- That resource never runs out.
Nonrenewable- Once that resource is used up you can never use it again.
Page 120
Know what industrialization is.
The growth of machine production.
Know what cultural landscape is.
The way people base there culture on from the landscape.
Unit Two – Economy and Civics
What is a theocracy and what is a famous example of it?
A government based on religion. Vatican City is an example of Theocracy.
Know what a dictatorship is and be able to list an example.
One person that rules over everyone else. Hitler’s government was a dictatorship.
Describe and give one example for each o the following isms.
Communism
Nation that owns large industries, businesses and land.
Fascism
Believe that war is the only way to keep the country strong.
Socialism
Nation that believes that everything must be equal.
Capitalism
The people own all the businesses and aren’t controlled by the government.
Imperialism
A nation that has an unequal relationship between the states and the government.
Expansionism
A country that expands its boundaries.
Nationalism
A nation that believes that one ethnic group has a right to citizenship.
Totalitarianism
Explain what it means to be a “single party state”
There is only one party in the state or country.

4. Know what the role is of each of the following branches of the US government
Executive
Carry out the administrative duties.
Legislative
Makes laws
Judicial
Enforces laws
Explain the difference between command, market, and traditional economies
Command- Prices are regulated by the government instead of the owners.
Market- Price is based on the supply and demand of the items sold.
Traditional- Developing economy that uses agriculture as there main base.
What are factors of production?
1st – The gathering of the items to make the item.
2nd- The production of the items
3rd- The transporting and sales of the items to consumers.
What is human capital?
Someone with more attributes with labor than someone else without that skill would more likely
get the job.
Describe what the major problem with overproduction is…and what is a famous example of
overproduction?
Producing to many items that no one will buy which can cost too much, and that creates
downsizing. Overproduction is a cause of the Great Depression.
List and describe three major causes of the Great Depression.
Sell of stocks
Overproduction
People pulling money out of banks
What plan helped deliver America from the Great Depression.
The New Deal
What is the global pool of money?
People betting whether or not people will fail on there loans.
What are NINA loans and why do they seen as “bad”?
“No Interest, No Assets” they are seen as bad because it’s a loan for people who can’t afford the
mortgage.

5. What was “Leon the Lender’s” role in this whole subprime mortgage crisis?
Kept passing loans, because as long as he passed loans he got paid on commission.
What role did “Mike the Broker” play in the crisis?
He tried to collect as many mortgages as he could and putting them in CDO’s
Be able to explain why banks were not worried that people were not able to pay back their loans.
They weren’t worried because the banks got paid either way.
What is a CDO?
A bunch of bad mortgages.
Unit Three – REPSI
Renaissance (1300 – 1700)
Know that the renaissance was a rebirth of the interest in learning.
Be able to explain what humanism is.
People focusing more on the life they were living and not the afterlife
Compare and contrast human values of the middle ages and the renaissance period.
Middle ages- Did what the church told you to do.
Renaissance- Based there life on there own rules and values.
Know the characteristics of paintings from the middle ages and renaissance.
Middle ages- Hieratic scale, halos, religious leaders
Renaissance- Oil painting, realistic, 3-D type paintings
Know the causes of the French Revolution and what the reign of terror was.
The French overthrew the government because they wanted a democracy.
What was so glorious about the Glorious Revolution?
There was no blood shed, it was just debate.

6. Exploration and Monarchy (1400 – 1700)
What were the major world powers during this time period?
Italy, Spain, Russia, Portugal, Prussia, England
Be able to explain how exploring new lands helped the countries listed above gain so much
power.
When exploring new land, the countries found goods, such as spices, gold, etc. They also could
spread there religion to other lands.
Know the difference between expansionism and imperialism.
Expansionism- When countries expand beyond there borders
Imperialism- When countries expand beyond there borders, and create an unequal relation ship
between the other states and the main land.
Protestant Reformation and Counter Reformation
Know that the Roman Catholic Church of the 16th Century was too powerful and became a
religious monopoly.
Know what indulgences were and what the money raised by them were used for.
Indulgences are tickets that are supposed to forgive your sins to make sure you get into Heaven.
The money was raised for church projects
Who was Martin Luther?
A German monk who was mad at the Church for exploiting people
Know what the 95 theses were and be able to explain the basic complaints that Luther had
against the Church.
What was his stance on salvation and being divine?
Martin Luther’s stance on salvation was that you only had to have grace in God to get into
Heaven. Also he stated that no one is divine, were all equal.

7. Be able to explain the significance of Luther’s translation of the Bible to German…as well as
whom he inspired to translate the English version.
What was the 30 Years War?
The War between the Catholics and the Protestants.
Know what the major purpose of the Council of Trent was.
Condemn Protestant teachings
Explain what the major results were that the Council produced.
Stated that anyone who was against anything that the Church said was a heretic.
Define heretic.
A person who goes against the Church teachings.
Who were the Jesuits and what was their “job”?
A group of Priests who tried to stop the spread of Protestant belief.
Scientific Revolution (1500 – 1700)
This period is often referred to as being a “Age of Reasoning”….be able to explain what this
means.
People trying to base things on facts instead of religion.
Be able to explain how the scientific revolution and humanism are closely related.
They both tried to focus on facts instead of religion.
Be able to explain medical and scientific discoveries such as…
• Blood circulation
• Orit of the planets
• Telescope
• Laws of gravity

8. Industrial Revolution
Know that this revolution changed how goods were produced, from being done by hand to
machine made.
Know that the industrial revolution started in Great Britain and the first machines produced
textiles.
Unit Four – Causes of WWII and Propaganda
What was the Treaty of Versailles and what were the terms in the treaty?
An agreement between the countries in WWI that states that Germany will
1. Take full responsibility for WWI
2. Must pay $6,600,000 for damages in the war.
3. Can only have a small army,
What was the League of Nations and why did it fail?
An organization whose job was to keep peace in the world. It failed because all of Europe was
under attack from Nazi Germany, and the USA didn’t help.
What major actions did Hitler take in order to restore Germany’s power?
• Increased army, built warships, and created German air force
• Ordered troops to enter Rhineland
• Made two alliances Italy and Japan
• German troops marched into Austria
What is propaganda and how did the Nazi Party use it to their advantage?
Propaganda are poster trying to convince people to join there cause. The Nazi Party used it to
discriminate against the Jews, and also get people to join the armed forces.