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Population Dynamics

A   group of organisms of the same
  species that occupy an area.
 One of the characteristics of living
  things is the ability to reproduce.
 If environmental conditions are
  “favorable” then the number of
  individuals in population should
  increase from one generation to the
  next.
3 Characteristics of
          Populations
1)   Geographic Distribution

2)   Density

3)   Growth Rate
4 Factors Effecting Population
Size
 Births-
   individuals   born each year
 Deaths-

              that die each year
   individuals
 Immigration –
   Movement of individuals INTO a population
 Emigration-
   Movement of individuals OUT of a
    population
Population Size-Growth Rate
 Birth
      rate-      # individuals born
 Death rate-    # individuals die
 Immigration-   # of individuals move in
 Emigration-    # of individuals move out
 IF:

  BR + I = DR + E Equilibrium
  BR + I > DR + E Increasing
  BR + I < DR + E Decreasing
Biotic Potential
 Under   “favorable” conditions, a species may reach
  its biotic potential.
 Highest reproduction rate possible for a species
  under “ideal” conditions.
 Ex) Houseflies:

 Lay  over 100 eggs
 Can reproduce

 at 1 month
 After 7 generations,

  1 fly =15 billion flies!!!
Exponential Growth
            Populations   size
             increases
             dramatically over
             time.
            Occurs: when
             resources (food) are
             abundant
            Shape: J
Logistic Growth                     A   population begins with
                                      a period of slow growth
                                      followed by a brief
                                      period of exponential
                                      growth before leveling
                                      off at a stable size
                                     Occurs: because
                                      resources are limited
                                     Shape: S
                                     Environmental resistance
                                      limits size of a population.
                                     Real population growth
                                      looks like this.
3 Phases: lagging, exponential, equilibrium
Factors Effect Growth Rate Size
of Population
         factors” stop population
“limiting
 from reaching biotic potential.
 (keeping the population in check)

The number of individuals in a
 population for a certain area is
 called population density.
Carrying Capacity
Max   # of individuals of a species
 that the environment can
 normally &
consistently support.
Changes as the

environment
changes.

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Population dynamics

  • 1. Population Dynamics A group of organisms of the same species that occupy an area.  One of the characteristics of living things is the ability to reproduce.  If environmental conditions are “favorable” then the number of individuals in population should increase from one generation to the next.
  • 2. 3 Characteristics of Populations 1) Geographic Distribution 2) Density 3) Growth Rate
  • 3. 4 Factors Effecting Population Size  Births-  individuals born each year  Deaths- that die each year  individuals  Immigration –  Movement of individuals INTO a population  Emigration-  Movement of individuals OUT of a population
  • 4. Population Size-Growth Rate  Birth rate- # individuals born  Death rate- # individuals die  Immigration- # of individuals move in  Emigration- # of individuals move out  IF: BR + I = DR + E Equilibrium BR + I > DR + E Increasing BR + I < DR + E Decreasing
  • 5. Biotic Potential  Under “favorable” conditions, a species may reach its biotic potential.  Highest reproduction rate possible for a species under “ideal” conditions.  Ex) Houseflies: Lay over 100 eggs Can reproduce at 1 month After 7 generations, 1 fly =15 billion flies!!!
  • 6. Exponential Growth  Populations size increases dramatically over time.  Occurs: when resources (food) are abundant  Shape: J
  • 7. Logistic Growth A population begins with a period of slow growth followed by a brief period of exponential growth before leveling off at a stable size  Occurs: because resources are limited  Shape: S  Environmental resistance limits size of a population.  Real population growth looks like this. 3 Phases: lagging, exponential, equilibrium
  • 8. Factors Effect Growth Rate Size of Population factors” stop population “limiting from reaching biotic potential. (keeping the population in check) The number of individuals in a population for a certain area is called population density.
  • 9. Carrying Capacity Max # of individuals of a species that the environment can normally & consistently support. Changes as the environment changes.