4. Hazardous wastes
Hazardous waste –
those are capable of harming
people and the environment
(acidic resins, arsenic, heavy
metals, organic solvents,
pesticides and radioactive
materials.
6. Toxic waste
Toxic waste
is waste material that can
cause death, injury or birth
defects to living creatures. It
spreads quite easily and can
contaminate lakes, rivers,
and the atmosphere.
7. EXAMPLES OF TOXIC WASTE
Dioxins:
- Produced by burning chlorine-
containing substances, plastics; the
manufacture of iron and steel, and some
organic chemicals.
Heavy metals:
- Widespread industrial use, such as in
cadmium and nickle plating. Found in
batteries (mercury, cadmium, lead) and
leaded petrol.
Radioactive waste:
- By-product of nuclear power generation and
used in medicine (e.g. cancer therapy).
12. Hazardous Waste Landfill
Bulk waste
Impervious
clay
Earth
Water table
Groundwater
Clay cap
Gas vent
Topsoil
Earth
Sand
Plastic cover
Impervious clay cap
Leak
detection
system
Reaction
wastes
in dreams
Double leachate
collection system
Plastic double liner
Groundwater
monitoring
well
13. Incineration
Incineration is a disposal method in which solid
organic wastes are subjected to combustion so as
to convert them into residue and gaseous
products. This method is useful for disposal of
residue of both solid waste management and solid
residue from waste water management. This
process reduces the volumes of solid waste to 20 to
30 percent of the original volume. Incineration and
other high temperature waste treatment systems
are sometimes described as "thermal treatment".
Incinerators convert waste materials
into heat, gas,steam and ash.
16. Recycling
Recycling is a resource recovery practice
that refers to the collection and reuse of
waste materials such as empty beverage
containers. The materials from which the
items are made can be reprocessed into new
products.
17. How can we shrink the waste stream
so we don’t have to rely on disposal
methods?
REDUCE!
REUSE!
RECYCLE!
In that order…
18. REDUCE
Buy foods with less packaging
Bring your own bags for carrying
groceries- no paper OR plastic
Bring your own bottles/cups
Look for products that use fewer toxins
If choosing between glass, metal or
plastic- choose glass or metal
Preferred Hierarchy:
No packaging
Minimal packaging
Reusable packaging
Recyclable packaging
Compost your yard waste & kitchen
scraps
If using plastic use photodegradable or
biodegradable plastic
Cons:
Don’t go away completely
May add toxins to soil
Never decompose in sanitary
landfill
People may think littering is OK
19. REUSE
Reuse/resell things that are still
good
Auto parts sold thru junkyards-
demanufacturing
Salvage parts (doors, stained
glass) from old buildings
Some areas provide money to
return bottles for refilling
Donate clothing/toys to charities
that will sell them for money
Preferred over recycling because
material doesn’t have to be
reprocessed
20. RECYCLE Reprocessing of discarded materials into
new, useful products.
Recycle glass into other glass products
Recycle tires into rubberized road surfacing
Problems:
Plastic recyclables can be contaminated by
one PVC bottle in a truckload
Plastic recycling is down 50% b/c so many
people consume these bottles on the go.
Benefits:
Saves water, energy, raw materials, land
space
Lowers demand for raw resources- less
deforestation, mining
Producing aluminum from scrap instead
of bauxite ore cuts energy need by 95%
Reduces pollution
Makes one think about waste they produce
Cut waste volumes & reduce pressure on
landfills
Reduces litter problems
21. Why Is Reusing and Recycling
Materials So Important?
Reusing items decreases the use of matter
and energy resources and reduces
pollution and natural capital degradation;
recycling does so to a lesser degree.
