Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Viewers also liked (20)
Similar to Early Man
Similar to Early Man (20)
More from jennifergoldberg
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Early Man
- 1. Origins of Man and Early Societies By Dr. Jennifer Levin-Goldberg
- 2. Migration 1.Where did early man come from in an evolutionary perspective? 2. How did people all over the world get to where they are? 3. How did early man go from nomadic primitive life to a modern technological industry?
- 4. Your Ideas
- 5. Theories on prehistory and early man constantly change as new evidence comes to light. - Louis Leakey, British paleoanthropologist The First Humans
- 7. Stages of Early Human Development 1. 4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE 2. 1,500,000 BCE -- 250,000 BCE 3 . 250,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE 4. 30,000 BCE -- 10,000 BCE Paleolithic Age : ( Old Stone Age ) 2,500,000 BCE to 8,000 BCE
- 8. Primates Human Evolution One theory is that humans evolved from primates. Humans branched off to be Anthropoids and apes as Prosimii. Our closest living relative is the chimpanzee. We share 98% of the same genes with the chimp.
- 11. Stage 1 4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE
- 12. Australopithecus Afarensis: Lucy The first, most complete Australopithecus afarenis skeleton found was located in Hadar, Ethiopia by Dr. Johanson. He found a knee joint, validating that the creature was bipedal; walking upright making the remains a hominid. Hadar, Ethiopia Dr. Johanson
- 13. Laetoli Footprints Found in Laetoli, Tanzania. The hominid that created it was Australopithecus Afarensis .
- 14. Ardipithecus Ramidus The oldest known ancestor to modern day humans and is considered the missing link between apes and humans. Known as Ardi.
- 17. The three themes found in cave art were animals, signs, and human representations. The most common were animals, in particular, the horse and the least depicted were human representations.
- 18. Stage 2 1,6000,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE HOMO ERECTUS ( “Upright Man” ) Tools were larger and varied First hominid to migrate and leave Africa First to use fire BIPEDAL
- 19. Their skeletons are larger unlike Australopithecus afarensis and built more like our own. They were carnivores. Their brain size doubled, making their brains much larger. Scientists find a correlation between brain size and body size. According to the research, the larger the brain, the bigger the body.
- 20. The most famous Homo Erectus fossil was found in a cave in Zhoukoudian, China and became known as Peking Man.
- 21. Differing Human Migration Theories A. Out of Africa Theory, also known as the Radiation Theory . B. Multiregional Theory, also known as Parallel Evolution Theory
- 22. Stage 3 200,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE HOMO SAPIENS ( “Wise Man” ) Neanderthals ( 200,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE ) Homo sapien sapien) ( 40,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE )
- 24. They didn’t go far from their homes. They hunted and lived in small groups. Their weapons were used to impale animals up close. Communication was key in hunting because they had to work as a team. They had the ability to use complex speech. Instead of painting on cave walls they painted their faces.
- 27. Homo sapien sapiens lived on top of hillsides. Hunted from a distance due to advanced weaponry. They were better at obtaining resources. They painted on cave walls demonstrating that they were thinking symbolically. They too buried their dead. Potentially saw Neanderthals as mates.
- 28. Homo sapien sapiens settlements Their migration pattern. How were they able to cross over though? The Bering Strait
- 29. The Last Ice Age 70,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE A possible explanation for this was due to the increase of oxygen in the atmosphere which oxidized with the methane present in the atmosphere which kept the Earth warm. This is known as the Great Oxidation Event.
- 32. vClicker
- 35. The Agricultural Revolution Why do some archaeologists believe that women were the first farmers?
- 38. Early Settled Communities Çatal Hüyük
- 40. Early farmers had to learn to domesticate wild grains. Why? Click to hear answer
- 41. What is the next step in the development of human settlements??
- 42. CIVILIZATIONS !! CITIES !
- 44. What are the characteristics of a civilization??
- 45. Advanced Cities CIVILIZATION Specialized Workers Complex Institutions Record- Keeping Advanced Technology Which gave rise to social classes Government Military Education Legal system Art Religion
- 46. Challenges facing Agricultural Communities 1. Soil Erosion 2. Overpopulation 3. Epidemics 4.Competition over resources 5. Dependency upon weather 6. Safety/Security Issues Are these issues agricultural communities face today?
- 48. Do you want to play a game?
- 50. 98% What is this percentage representing?
- 52. What type of life or society did early man practice?
- 53. What link is this to early man? What animal is this?
- 54. Which hominid species does this settlement pattern represent?
- 56. What dating method would you use if you found an artifact in its ash?
- 57. We’re starting from here! Which theory is this?
- 58. What is he doing that was so significant to the evolution of man? Make sure you say the exact term you learned!
- 59. My name is Lucy. What species am I?
- 60. What dating technique is this representing?
- 61. This hominid specie could hunt its prey from a further distance using spears.
- 62. What theory is this migration pattern demonstrating?
- 63. I was the first hominid to leave Africa?
- 64. What is the term that refers to any member of the family of two-legged primates that includes all humans.
- 65. Which hominid species became extinct once Homo sapien sapiens arrived on the scene?
- 68. Which hominid was the first homo specie?
- 69. This is one of the first and largest agricultural communities.
- 70. Which hominid species evolved into modern man?
- 71. Which type of society had high birth rates?
- 72. Cities eventually led to these
- 73. Which hominid’s brain size doubled?
- 74. Agricultural communities developed from a more stationary lifestyle instead of a nomadic one. What is another word for this stationary lifestyle?
- 75. We're Finished! Who won?
- 76. Assessment time!
- 77. Next Section
- 79. Push and Pull Factors Push Migration Factors of Migration: Conditions that drive people to leave their homes. Examples: Land scarcity, political and/or religious persecution, civil strife or revolutions, unsafe, poverty, lack of services, lack of modernization and infrastructure, and lack of jobs.
- 80. Pull Factors of Migration: Conditions that attract people to a new area. Examples: religious and political freedom or ideologies, industry, jobs, available land, modernization, available services and infrastructure like education, health care, government services, safety. Turn to your partner
- 81. Let’s do an activity!
- 82. I will say a factor and you will have to identify which factor it is an example of according to a movement. If it is a Push factor , you will have to do 3 Jumping jacks. If it is a Pull factor , you will have to do 3 calf raises. If it is both a Push and Pull factor , you will have to do 3 squats. Here we go!
- 83. WAR
- 85. Climate/Weather
- 86. Flood
- 87. Social reasons such as discrimination
- 88. Civil strife, warfare, and genocide
- 89. Family
- 90. Available Land
- 91. Poverty
- 92. Modernization
- 96. Soil Erosion
- 98. What were the push and/or pull factors of early man’s migration?
- 99. Internally Displaced Person (IDP) A person that is forced to flee their home from persecution, due to political, religious, military or other problem and remains in their country just in another place for safety. Still a push factor.
- 100. Refugee - someone that is forced to flee their home from persecution, due to political, religious, military or other problem and leaves their country for safety reasons. Turn to partner
- 101. Assessment Time
Editor's Notes
- hunting (men) & gathering (women) small bands of 20-30 humans. Hunter gatherer societies have low birth rates because their subsistence limits how many children can be born based upon how many resources are available to sustain their population which, in turn, stabilizes their population. NOMADIC (moving from
- Hominids --> any member of the family of two-legged primates that includes all humans. Australopithecines first to thought to be bipedal. An Opposable Thumb is another reason hominids became bipedal-making it easy to grasp objects. Apes are not bipedal because their big toe is divergent making it useful for grasping; however, the human toe is aligned, which assists in propelling the body forward to facilitate balance. An ape’s pelvic girdle is also anatomically shaped in an way that is not conducive for walking.
- In Laetoli, Tanzania, hominid footprints were found validating early bipedalism (walking upright on two feet). Archeologists know this because the toe is aligned with the other toes and there are 2 arches on the print, resembling what a human footprint looks like barefoot. These prints were preserved due to a volcano in the area that erupted and covered the footprints. The hominid that created these prints was an Australopithecus Afarensis.
- The oldest known ancestor to modern day humans and is considered the missing link between apes and humans is Ardipithicus Ramidus. These fossils were found in Ethipoia as well. This ancestor had a small brain (only a little larger than a chimpanzee) and was bipedal (although, unlike Lucy, couldn’t walk or run on two legs for long distances; however, was a quadruped by climbing trees (like a chimpanzee.
- First earliest known species of the genus Homo; that is, the first human species. This specie had a much larger brain than Australopithecus afarensis which helped explain how this specie created stone tools for hunting and daily life.
- Larger and more varied tools --> primitive technology, making hunting more systematic. First hominid to migrate and leave Africa for Europe and Asia. First to use fire ( 500,000 BCE ). Now they could cook their food which decreased food born diseases. This enabled them to move in search of food instead of relying on just one area.
- A. Out of Africa Theory, also known as the Radiation Theory. Modern man evolved from one local population in Africa and migrated from there, spreading out all over the world. B. Multiregional Theory. Also known as Parallel Evolution Theory. Hominids evolved slowly from the migration of Homo Erectus into modern man from several specific regions. These populations spread their genes into the areas by breeding, causing the gene pool to become larger.
- They didn’t go far from their homes, limiting their resources. They hunted and lived in small groups making communication imperative. Their weapons were used to impale animals; therefore, to kill them, they had to approach the animal and get very close. This was dangerous and probably caused injuries and even fatalities. Communication was key in hunting because they had to work as a team. They had the ability to use complex speech; however, their sentences were probably basic. Instead of painting on cave walls they painted their faces.
- Homo sapien sapiens lived on top of hillsides so they can see from above for hunting. Their weapons were spears that they threw from afar with accuracy allowing them to hunt from a distance. They didn’t have as many people hunting because they didn’t need to which made communication not as important due to being more solitary. They were better at obtaining resources. They painted on cave walls demonstrating that they were thinking symbolically. Potentially saw Neanderthals as mates. They too buried their dead.
- Since men did the hunting and females were responsible for the food gathering, most of the important contributions were probably made by women, such as how to plant rather than gather seeds, as well as how to process and produce the food. Without these contributions, the earliest societies would not have succeeded.
- There was a shift now in birth rates. Agricultural communities had high birth rates because they needed more children in order to increase labor supply for farming. Also, the environment was conducive for more child bearing due to the absence of nomadic wandering from settling in one area and food supply.
- Because the human jaw, teeth, and digestive tract cannot anatomically eat grain because it is rough so they technologically found ways to process the grain for human consumption.
- Cities could form due to a sedentary lifestyle, meaning people could stay in one place, due to the production of food in one area and having the capacity to store it. This made is no longer necessary to travel for your food source. This, in turn, created specializations because people would specialize in making pottery to store the food and making the tools to farm with, and so forth. This then created wealth, which would lead to social classes, including poverty.
- It Provided a constant source of water for human consumption and farming, especially rich soil deposits from flooding
- The percent of our genes that match our closest living relative, the chimpanzee
- Laetoli footprints
- Hunter gatherer societies
- Closest relative to man is the chimpanzee
- Homo neanderthalis
- Homo habilis
- Potassium-argon dating
- Out of Africa
- Bipedalsim
- Australopithecus afarensis
- Radiocarbon or Carbon 14
- Homo sapien sapien
- Multiregional Theory
- Homo erectus
- hominid
- Homo neanderthalis
- Ice Age
- Ardipithecus ramidus
- Homo habilis
- Catal Huyuk
- Homo sapien sapien
- Agricultural
- civilizations
- Homo erectus
- sedentary
- Review/summarize
- Push factor
- Pull factor
- Both. I left PA because of the weather; however, I could leave AZ if I think it is too hot.
- Push factor
- Push factor
- Both Push and Pull
- Pull factor
- Push factor
- Pull factor
- Pull factor
- Push factor
- Pull factor
- Push
- Pull factor
- Review/summarize