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The 12-Year Reich
         1933-1945
                   Session 5
Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
Sessions remaining:



Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
For Further Study
Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History
of the German Resistance to Hitler,
1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994.

Saul Friedländer. The Years of
Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews,
1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007.

John Keegan. The Second World War.

Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
Key points from Session 4
 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures
 in North AFrica and Greece

 with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been
 planning for twenty years

 the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and
 reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts

 still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to
 justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war

 doubts grew by the first Russian winter

 the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end
 of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
Josip Broz Tito
To the victors of Crete
dead German paratrooper
The 12-Year Reich
         1933-1945
                   Session 5
Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
Sessions remaining:



Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
For Further Study
Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History
of the German Resistance to Hitler,
1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994.

Saul Friedländer. The Years of
Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews,
1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007.

John Keegan. The Second World War.

Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
Key points from Session 4
 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures
 in North AFrica and Greece

 with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been
 planning for twenty years

 the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and
 reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts

 still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to
 justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war

 doubts grew by the first Russian winter

 the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end
 of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
Eiserne Kreuzen being awarded
  for Kesselschlact Bialystok
Soviet troops
Soviet POWs
SOVIET CITIZENS
       AND CITIZENS OF THE
    OCCUPIED GERMAN DISTRICTS
      HELP THE PARTISANS IN THEIR STRUGGLE
AGAINST THE GERMANS. YOU ALSO FIGHT THE GERMANS.
         DEATH TO THE GERMAN OCCUPIERS!
Sophie Scholl
the White Rose
frame from the film “Sophie Scholl”
the White
   Rose
  leaflet
The 12-Year Reich
         1933-1945
                   Session 5
Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
Sessions remaining:



Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
For Further Study
Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History
of the German Resistance to Hitler,
1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994.

Saul Friedländer. The Years of
Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews,
1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007.

John Keegan. The Second World War.

Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
Key points from Session 4
 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures
 in North AFrica and Greece

 with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been
 planning for twenty years

 the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and
 reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts

 still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to
 justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war

 doubts grew by the first Russian winter

 the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end
 of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
Strike the enemy until he’s completely annihilated
The 12-Year Reich
         1933-1945
                   Session 5
Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
Sessions remaining:



Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
For Further Study
Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History
of the German Resistance to Hitler,
1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994.

Saul Friedländer. The Years of
Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews,
1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007.

John Keegan. The Second World War.

Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
Key points from Session 4
 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures
 in North AFrica and Greece

 with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been
 planning for twenty years

 the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and
 reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts

 still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to
 justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war

 doubts grew by the first Russian winter

 the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end
 of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
Soviet partisans
more Soviet partisans
Soviet
  leaflet
  urging
 German
 soldiers
    to
surrender
model of Führerbunker, Wolfsschanze
Soviet POWs fighting for food
Deadly
Business
You




signed yourself up as a
      volunteer?
Forward!
Victory is near!
Sniper from afar,
     but always on the mark!
The 12-Year Reich
         1933-1945
                   Session 5
Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
Sessions remaining:



Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
For Further Study
Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History
of the German Resistance to Hitler,
1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994.

Saul Friedländer. The Years of
Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews,
1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007.

John Keegan. The Second World War.

Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
Key points from Session 4
 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures
 in North AFrica and Greece

 with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been
 planning for twenty years

 the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and
 reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts

 still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to
 justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war

 doubts grew by the first Russian winter

 the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end
 of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
Hero
 City
Lenin-
 grad
fallen Soviet soldier
battle for a Stalingrad factory
panorama of Stalingrad across the Volga
German & Romanian POWs, Feb, 1943
Soviet T-34
German Tiger
The 12-Year Reich
         1933-1945
                   Session 5
Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
Sessions remaining:



Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
For Further Study
Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History
of the German Resistance to Hitler,
1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994.

Saul Friedländer. The Years of
Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews,
1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007.

John Keegan. The Second World War.

Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
Key points from Session 4
 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures
 in North AFrica and Greece

 with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been
 planning for twenty years

 the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and
 reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts

 still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to
 justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war

 doubts grew by the first Russian winter

 the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end
 of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
the second Russian winter
Now, VOLK,
arise
and
storm break
forth!




        from Goebbels’ “Total War” speech, 18.februar.1943
57,000 German POWS paraded thru Moscow
               May, 1944
This was the        Allied
first blow ...   propaganda
                   leaflet
All Hail the 25th anniversary
of the Leninist-Stalinist KomSoMol
     (League of Communist Youth)
THE FRONT DRAWS NEARER
Unbeugsamer
      Glaube
   undoubting belief

     fanatischer
     Siegeswille
 fanatical “victory will”

 still Hitler’s “script”
even after Stalingrad
Unbeugsamer
      Glaube
   undoubting belief

     fanatischer
     Siegeswille
 fanatical “victory will”

 still Hitler’s “script”
even after Stalingrad
TRUE TO HIS OATH
           SLAIN IN THE STRUGGLE FOR THE
           FREEDOM OF GREATER GERMANY




NCO Hans Ristaü
 on 17.7.1944




               THE HERO’S DEATH FOR
           FUEHRER•VOLK AND VATERLAND
20.juli.44

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19 c europe, session.3.14; third french republic
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19 c Europe, session 3.15; The Second Reich
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19 c Europe, session 3.16; Austria-Hungary, the Balkans and Turkey
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19 c Europe, session 3.16; Austria-Hungary, the Balkans and TurkeyJim Powers
 
19 c Europe, session 3.17 Russia
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Mais de Jim Powers (20)

19 c Europe, Part 1, 1815-1848; General Observations
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19 c Europe, session 1; The Great Powers and the Balance of Power, 1815 1848
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19 c Europe, Part 1, session 2; The Eastern Powers: Absolutism and its Limita...
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19 c Europe, part 1, session 3; France: The Restoration and the July Monarchy
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19 c Europe, session 4; great britain: social unrest and social compromise
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19 c Europe 1, session 5; Revolutions of 1848
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19 c Europe, Part 2, 1850-1871; General Observations
19 c Europe, Part 2, 1850-1871;  General Observations19 c Europe, Part 2, 1850-1871;  General Observations
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19 c Europe, session 2.6; The breakdown of the concert and the crimean war
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19 c Europe, session 2.7; France: The Second Empire
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19 c Europe, session 2.8; The Unification of Italy
19 c Europe, session 2.8; The Unification of Italy19 c Europe, session 2.8; The Unification of Italy
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19 c Europe, session 2.9; The German Question, 1850-66
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19 c Europe, session 2.10; The Reorganization of Europe, 1866-1871
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19 c Europe, Part 3; General Observations
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19 c Europe, session 3.11; Great Powers and the Balance of Power; 1871-1890
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19 c Europe, session 3.12; capitalism and socialism
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19 c Europe, session 3.13; from liberalism to democracy: political progress ...
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19 c Europe, session 3.16; Austria-Hungary, the Balkans and Turkey
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Intro to presentation 5; "Closing the Ring" 1943-44

  • 1. The 12-Year Reich 1933-1945 Session 5 Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
  • 2. Sessions remaining: Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
  • 3. For Further Study Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History of the German Resistance to Hitler, 1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994. Saul Friedländer. The Years of Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007. John Keegan. The Second World War. Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
  • 4. Key points from Session 4 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures in North AFrica and Greece with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been planning for twenty years the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war doubts grew by the first Russian winter the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. To the victors of Crete
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20. The 12-Year Reich 1933-1945 Session 5 Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
  • 21. Sessions remaining: Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
  • 22. For Further Study Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History of the German Resistance to Hitler, 1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994. Saul Friedländer. The Years of Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007. John Keegan. The Second World War. Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
  • 23. Key points from Session 4 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures in North AFrica and Greece with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been planning for twenty years the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war doubts grew by the first Russian winter the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28. Eiserne Kreuzen being awarded for Kesselschlact Bialystok
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 34. SOVIET CITIZENS AND CITIZENS OF THE OCCUPIED GERMAN DISTRICTS HELP THE PARTISANS IN THEIR STRUGGLE AGAINST THE GERMANS. YOU ALSO FIGHT THE GERMANS. DEATH TO THE GERMAN OCCUPIERS!
  • 37. frame from the film “Sophie Scholl”
  • 38. the White Rose leaflet
  • 39. The 12-Year Reich 1933-1945 Session 5 Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
  • 40. Sessions remaining: Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
  • 41. For Further Study Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History of the German Resistance to Hitler, 1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994. Saul Friedländer. The Years of Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007. John Keegan. The Second World War. Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
  • 42. Key points from Session 4 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures in North AFrica and Greece with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been planning for twenty years the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war doubts grew by the first Russian winter the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51. Strike the enemy until he’s completely annihilated
  • 52.
  • 53.
  • 54.
  • 55.
  • 56. The 12-Year Reich 1933-1945 Session 5 Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
  • 57. Sessions remaining: Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
  • 58. For Further Study Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History of the German Resistance to Hitler, 1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994. Saul Friedländer. The Years of Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007. John Keegan. The Second World War. Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
  • 59. Key points from Session 4 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures in North AFrica and Greece with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been planning for twenty years the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war doubts grew by the first Russian winter the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
  • 62. Soviet leaflet urging German soldiers to surrender
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65. model of Führerbunker, Wolfsschanze
  • 66.
  • 67.
  • 68.
  • 71. You signed yourself up as a volunteer?
  • 73. Sniper from afar, but always on the mark!
  • 74. The 12-Year Reich 1933-1945 Session 5 Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
  • 75. Sessions remaining: Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
  • 76. For Further Study Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History of the German Resistance to Hitler, 1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994. Saul Friedländer. The Years of Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007. John Keegan. The Second World War. Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
  • 77. Key points from Session 4 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures in North AFrica and Greece with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been planning for twenty years the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war doubts grew by the first Russian winter the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
  • 78.
  • 81.
  • 82.
  • 83.
  • 84.
  • 85.
  • 86. battle for a Stalingrad factory
  • 87. panorama of Stalingrad across the Volga
  • 88.
  • 89.
  • 90. German & Romanian POWs, Feb, 1943
  • 93. The 12-Year Reich 1933-1945 Session 5 Hitler Brought Down, Closing the Ring, 1943-1944
  • 94. Sessions remaining: Hitler Brought Down; Nemesis, 1944-45
  • 95. For Further Study Anton Gill. An Honourable Defeat; A History of the German Resistance to Hitler, 1933-1945. NYC: Holt, 1994. Saul Friedländer. The Years of Extermination; Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945. NYC: Harper Collins, 2007. John Keegan. The Second World War. Kershaw, vol II, Chaps. 12 - 13, pp. 559-651.
  • 96. Key points from Session 4 Mussolini required “backup” for failed military adventures in North AFrica and Greece with Barbarossa Hitler launched the war he had been planning for twenty years the Italian “rescue” in the Balkans caused delay and reduced mechanical readiness which hurt German efforts still the first successes in the summer of 1941 seemed to justify Hitler’s decision for two-front war doubts grew by the first Russian winter the dual defeats of El Alamein and Stalingrad at the end of 1942 sealed Germany’s fate
  • 98. Now, VOLK, arise and storm break forth! from Goebbels’ “Total War” speech, 18.februar.1943
  • 99. 57,000 German POWS paraded thru Moscow May, 1944
  • 100. This was the Allied first blow ... propaganda leaflet
  • 101. All Hail the 25th anniversary of the Leninist-Stalinist KomSoMol (League of Communist Youth)
  • 102. THE FRONT DRAWS NEARER
  • 103. Unbeugsamer Glaube undoubting belief fanatischer Siegeswille fanatical “victory will” still Hitler’s “script” even after Stalingrad
  • 104. Unbeugsamer Glaube undoubting belief fanatischer Siegeswille fanatical “victory will” still Hitler’s “script” even after Stalingrad
  • 105.
  • 106.
  • 107.
  • 108.
  • 109. TRUE TO HIS OATH SLAIN IN THE STRUGGLE FOR THE FREEDOM OF GREATER GERMANY NCO Hans Ristaü on 17.7.1944 THE HERO’S DEATH FOR FUEHRER•VOLK AND VATERLAND
  • 110.
  • 111.
  • 112.
  • 113.

Notas do Editor