1. What do you think?
 Do artists start an artwork and hope for the best or
do artists use planning and rules?
 Artists use rules!!
 Do you remember what are these rules called?

ELEMENTS & PRINCIPLES

2. Elements of Design
The elements of design are the seven basic building
blocks of art & design.
 Without these building blocks the principles are meaningless.
 Think of them as “Legos:” parts, pieces or elements of something
bigger or whole. We use directions and rules to make something.

3. Principles of Design
The basic rules of aesthetics that guide in the
organization of elements in a work of art.
 Without these directions the elements are meaningless.
 Think of them as “Legos Directions:” Rules or steps to utilize
many different, similar and identical elements to create a
meaningful, cohesive and understandable piece of artwork.

4. Design Elements
Design Principles
LINE
SHAPE
COLOR
VALUE
TEXTURE
SPACE
FORM
BALANCE
VARIETY
MOVEMENT
CONTRAST
EMPHASIS
PROPORTION
UNITY

5. Line
A mark. Lines have thickness, direction, and
movement; they can be interrupted and can show
emotion in an artwork.

6. Element of Line

7. Element of Line
Contour lines- outline the
edges of forms or shapes
Gestural lines- indicate
action and physical
movement

8. Element of Line
Add definition for: Line
2. Draw an example of an Interrupted Line in the 1st
box
3. Draw an example of a Varied Line that starts thin
and gets thicker in the 2nd box
1.
Line
A mark. Lines have thickness, direction, and
movement; they can be interrupted and can show
emotion in an artwork.

9. Element of Line
Add definition for: Organic Line
2. Draw an example of Organic Line in the 3rd box.
1.
Organic Line
Line that has a natural or imperfect path rather than
a rigid or geometric path.

10. Element of Line
Add definition for: Geometric Line
2. Draw an example of Geometric Line in the 4th box.
1.
Geometric Line
Line that has a rigid or mathematically correct path
and is not free flowing.

11. Element of Shape
When line curves or corners around and crosses
over itself it becomes a shape.
GEOMETRIC
square, triangle, rectangle, rhombus, circle, cone
ORGANIC
free form shapes, shapes in nature for example:
leaves, trees, clouds, animals

12. Element of Shape
Add definition for: Shape
2. Create: Overlapping Shapes in the 1st box.
1.
Shape
When a line curves or corners around and crosses
over it self it becomes a shape

13. Element of Shape
Add definition for: Organic Shape
2. Draw an example of Organic Shape in the 2nd box.
1.
Organic Shape
Shape that has a natural or imperfect path rather
than a rigid or geometric path.

14. Element of Shape
Add definition for: Geometric Shape
2. Draw an example of Geometric Shape in the 3rd box.
1.
Geometric Shape
Shape that has a rigid or mathematically correct
path and is not free flowing.

15. Element of Color
Color has three properties:
1. The first is:
Hue: The name of a color
2. The second property of color is:
Value: the lightness or darkness of
a hue
3. The third property of color is:
Intensity: the purity of a hue; the
brightness or dullness of a hue

16. Value: Tints and Shades
Tints-adding the color white
Shades- adding the color black

17. Value
Value contrasts help us
to see and understand a
two-dimensional work of art.
Value describes form and
value defines space.

18. Intensity: Neutral Colors
These colors are made by adding a complimentary
color (opposite on the color wheel) to a hue.
Neutralized hues are called tones.

19. Warm and Cool Colors

20. Element of Color
1.
Add definition for: Hue
Hue
The name of a specific color

21. Element of Color
1. Using colored pencils, fill in 3 Warm colors in the
1st three circles.
2. Using colored pencils, fill in 3 cool colors in the
2nd three circles.
Color Temperature

22. Element of Color
1. Add definition for: Neutral
2. Using colored pencils, fill in 4 neutral colors in
the circles.
1.
2.
3.
4.
White
Black
Brown
Grey
Neutral
A color that is neither cool nor warm. Neutrals are
made by mixing two complimentary colors together.

23. Element of Color
Add definition for: Value
2. Using colored pencils draw a Value scale (gradual transition
from light to hue to dark) in the 1st long box. Start with
lightest tint moving into hue moving into the darkest shade
- USE CRAFTSMANSHIP!
1.
Value
The lightness or darkness of a hue.

24. Element of Color
Add definition for: Intensity
2. Using colored pencils (from black pouch) , draw an Intensity
scale in the 2nd long box. Start with 1 hue moving into the
neutral moving into the complimentary hue - USE
CRAFTSMANSHIP!
1.
Intensity
The brightness or dullness of a hue.

25. Element of Texture
Textures are all around us in our environment, textures are the
quality of a surface.
Actual texture – texture that you can feel with your sense of
touch.
Implied texture – texture that has been simulated in drawing and
painting on a smooth surface to appear as if it is textured.

26. Hatching and Cross Hatching
Line can be used to create
value and textures
Hatching
Cross Hatching

27. Stippling
Small marks, dots or
shapes can be used to
create value and textures
Stippling

28. Element of Texture
1.
Add definition for: Texture
Texture
The quality of a surface

29. Element of Texture
Add definition for: Actual Texture
2. Write 3 examples of Actual texture on the lines
provided.
1.
Actual Texture
The way something actually feels.

30. Element of Texture
Add definition for: Implied Texture
2. Draw 4 examples of Implied texture in the boxes provided.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Stippling
Hatching
Cross Hatching
Your choice
Implied Texture
The way something appears to feel.

31. Element of Space
The amount of depth in both 2D
and 3D artworks.
Around, above, inside, outside, positive
or negative.
The feeling of space in a drawing
or painting is always an illusion.
 Artists combine the use of light and
dark value with other techniques.
 Linear perspective, and atmospheric
perspective create the illusion of
space.
Linear perspective
“Snow in New York”

32. Element of Space
Add definition of: Space
Draw a mini picture in the 1st box provided. Label the
positive space and the negative space.
3. Draw a mini picture in the 2nd box provided showing how
things get smaller and lighter as they travel further into
the background.
1.
2.
Space
The amount of depth in both 2D and 3D artworks

33. Element of Form
In 3D artworks it is the quality of the shape.
Form describes volume and mass, or the three-dimensional
aspects of objects that take up space.
 Forms can be realistic, abstract, geometric, organic etc…
 Form is considered three-dimensional showing height, width and depth. It
can be illustrated or constructed.

34. Element of Form
1. Add definition of: Form
2. Draw a plain circle in the 1st box provided. This circle
does not show form
3. Re-Draw the sphere you see below in the 2nd box
provided . This sphere shows form.