The document summarizes the Congress of Vienna and the post-Napoleonic order established under Austrian Chancellor Metternich. It discusses the goals of limiting French power, restoring legitimacy to pre-Napoleonic monarchies, and maintaining a balance of power. It also describes the various conferences and agreements that upheld Metternich's vision, including the Holy Alliance, Congress System, and protocols to crush revolutionary movements. Metternich's dominance guided these efforts to stabilize Europe after the Napoleonic Wars.

1. Age of Metternich
“Error never had access into my mind”

2. Congress of Vienna
Czar Alexander of
Russia
Lord Castlereagh of
Britain #10
von Hardenberg of
Prussia #21
Metternich of Austria
#6
(Talleyrand of
France) #22

3. Alexander of Russia
Tried to expand into
Central Europe
Russia to get Poland and
Prussia to get Saxony
No one else wanted them
to grow that big so
smaller additions
compromised on instead
Started the Holy Alliance

4. Lord Castlereagh
Irish protestant politician
Forced to resign once early
in his career over a duel with
another British diplomat
Was a workaholic who
played a crucial role in the
compromises of the
Congress and fathered the
Congress System

5. Metternich
Huge ego, but well deserved
Dominated Austrian government from
1809-1848
Negotiated a wife for Napoleon - his boss’
daughter!
Guided the Congress as its host
Strived for legitimacy, limiting French
expansion and compensation while
maintaining a balance of power
Hated democracy, constitutionalism and
nationalism

6. Limitation of France and Compensation
Netherlands got Belgium to be a stronger
road-block for French expansion
Russia got part of Poland and Finland
Austria got Lombardy and Venetia
Prussia got Rhineland and part of Poland
Britain kept captured Carribean islands
and Cape Colony and Ceylon

7. Legitimacy
Pre-Napoleonic rulers restored
to their thrones
New countries founded by
Napoleon on nationalist
principles were disbanded and
restored to 1793 borders

8. Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle, 1818
Allies agreed to evacuate
France and allow them to
join the Quadruple Alliance,
making it the Quintuple
Alliance
Alexander proposed Holy
Alliance, but Britain refused

9. Congress of Troppau, 1820
Called to crush the Naples
revolution against their king
Britain objected to acting
against rebels
Gave birth to Troppau
Protocol, which called for
Congress states to crush all
rebellions against monarchs

10. Congress of Verona, 1822
Britain proposed supporting a
Greek revolt against the Turks
France offered to put down
anti-Bourbon Spanish revolt,
and Russians countered by
offering to march 150,000
troops across Europe to
intervene. Britain, now
represented by George
Canning and the Duke of
Wellington, opposed all
intervention and withdrew
from Congress System

11. Death of Alexander I 1825
Decembrist Revolt
against Nicholas I, his
conservative brother
and successor in favor
of his older, more
liberal brother,
Constantine, who had
abdicated
Crushed within days

12. London Conferences 1830, 1832
Belgium recognized by all major
powers as independent from
Netherlands after armed rebellion.
King Leopold I (of the Dukes of Saxe-
Coberg)
Greece recognized as independent
kingdom by Russia, France and Britain.
King Otto (of royal family of Bavaria)