1) Between 1400-1700, Portugal and Spain led European global exploration and established vast overseas empires, with Portugal's empire centered in Africa, India, and the Atlantic and Spain's focused on the Americas.
2) Portugal's empire was built on sea trade, establishing commercial outposts along African and Asian coasts and connecting Europe, Africa, and Asia. Spain conquered large swaths of South and Central America and the Caribbean.
3) The Columbian Exchange following the voyages of Columbus resulted in the widespread transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and people between the Old World and the New, with devastating population losses in the Americas due to introduced diseases.
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Judge ch19 lecture
1. Connections: A World History
Second Edition
Chapter
Connections: A World History, Second Edition
Edward H. Judge • John W. Langdon
Global Exploration and
Global Empires,
1400–1700
19
4. Global Exploration and Global EmpiresGlobal Exploration and Global Empires
1400–17001400–1700
A. The Iberian Impulse
B. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire
C. The Spanish and Portuguese Empires in America
D. Amerinds and Europeans in North America
E. The Columbian Exchange
6. The Iberian ImpulseThe Iberian Impulse
A. Motives
B. Portuguese Overseas Exploration
1. Henry the Navigator
7. FOUNDATION MAP 19.1 European GlobalFOUNDATION MAP 19.1 European Global
Exploration Routes, 1415–1522Exploration Routes, 1415–1522
8. The Iberian ImpulseThe Iberian Impulse
C. Columbus’s Enterprise of the Indies
1. Columbus’s plan
2. Spanish backing
3. The voyages
4. The Treaty of Tordesillas
14. The Portuguese Seaborne EmpireThe Portuguese Seaborne Empire
A. Empire in the Atlantic Ocean
1. Africa and Brazil
B. Empire in the Indian Ocean
1. A trading empire
C. Portugal’s Commercial Empire in 1600
1. Connecting Asia and Europe
2. Reciprocal influences
15. MAP 19.3 The Flow of Commerce in the PortugueseMAP 19.3 The Flow of Commerce in the Portuguese
World, ca. 1600World, ca. 1600
16. A modern-day replica of a Portuguese caravel.A modern-day replica of a Portuguese caravel.
17. The Spanish and PortugueseThe Spanish and Portuguese
Empires in AmericaEmpires in America
18. MAP 19.4 The Iberian Empires in the WesternMAP 19.4 The Iberian Empires in the Western
Hemisphere, 1750Hemisphere, 1750
19. The Spanish and PortugueseThe Spanish and Portuguese
Empires in AmericaEmpires in America
A. The Amerind Foundation
B. Slave Labor
C. Government and Administration
1. The Spanish Empire
2. The Portuguese Empire
D. The Colonial Church
1. Missionaries and conversion
2. The church and social and economic life
20. The Plaza de Armas in Cuzco, Peru, displays 16th-The Plaza de Armas in Cuzco, Peru, displays 16th-
century Spanish colonial architectural style.century Spanish colonial architectural style.
21. The Spanish and PortugueseThe Spanish and Portuguese
Empires in AmericaEmpires in America
E. Society in the Iberian Empires
1. The Iberian-American social hierarchy
2. The role of gender
22. A Spanish-American family of mixed races. TheA Spanish-American family of mixed races. The
man is European, the wife is African, and the childman is European, the wife is African, and the child
is mulatto.is mulatto.
24. Amerinds and EuropeansAmerinds and Europeans
in North Americain North America
A. Coalitions and Contacts
1. Amerind confederations
B. The Coming of the Europeans
1. Exploration
25. A 1607 map of the northeast coast of NorthA 1607 map of the northeast coast of North
America, drawn by the French explorer Samuel deAmerica, drawn by the French explorer Samuel de
Champlain.Champlain.
26. MAP 19.5 European Exploration and Colonies inMAP 19.5 European Exploration and Colonies in
North America, 1607–1763North America, 1607–1763
27. Amerinds and EuropeansAmerinds and Europeans
in North Americain North America
C. The Coming of the Europeans
1. Settlement
C. Disease and Demographic Decline
28. The English Captain John Smith is condemned by aThe English Captain John Smith is condemned by a
Powhatan chief.Powhatan chief.