1. Connections: A World History
Second Edition
Chapter 14
The Evolution and
Expansion of East
Asian Societies,
220–1240 C.E.
Connections: A World History, Second Edition
Edward H. Judge • John W. Langdon

2. Prince Shotoku and Sons

3. East Asian Societies

4. The Evolution and Expansion of East
Asian Societies, 220–1240 C.E.
A. China’s Age of Disunity, 220–589
B. China’s Age of Preeminence, 589–1279
C. Highlights and Hallmarks of Chinese
Society
D. Vietnam and the Chinese Impact
E. Korea and the Chinese Impact
F. The Emergence of Japan

5. China’s Age of Disunity,
220–589

6. China’s Age of Disunity,
220–589
A. The Three Kingdoms Era
1. Civil war and devastation
2. Xiongnu invasion

7. MAP 14.1 China’s Age of Disunity, 220–589

8. China’s Age of Disunity,
220–589
B. Division, Invasion, Adaptation, and
Migration
1. The time of “Sixteen Kingdoms”
2. The Toba
3. Adaptation and migration
B. Central Asian Connections and the
Arrival of Buddhism
1. Trade and Buddhism
2. Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism

9. MAP 14.2 Buddhism Spreads to East Asia, Second
Through Sixth Centuries C.E.

10. China’s Age of Disunity,
220–589
D. The Spread of Buddhism in China
1. Instability and the spread of Buddhism

11. Buddhist temple in northwestern China.

12. China’s Age of Preeminence,
589–1279

13. Chinas’s Age of Preeminence,
589–1279
A. China Reunited: The Sui Dynasty,
589 – 618
1. Yang Jian
2. The fall of the Sui

14. The Grand Canal.

15. Chinas’s Age of Preeminence,
589–1279
B. China Triumphant: The Tang Dynasty,
618 – 907
1. Emperor Taizong
2. Wu Zhao
3. An Lushan revolt
4. Decline and fall of the Tang

16. MAP 14.3 China Under the Tang Dynasty, 618–907

17. Empress Wu.

18. Chinas’s Age of Preeminence,
589–1279
C. China in Turmoil: Ten Kingdoms and
Five Dynasties, 907 – 960
1. Nomadic invaders
2. Zhao Kuangyin and the founding of the
Song Dynasty

19. MAP 14.4 Song China and the Khitan Liao Empire,
960–1125

20. Chinas’s Age of Preeminence,
589–1279
D. China Resurgent: The Song Dynasty,
960 – 1127
1. Political and economic vitality
2. Little attempt to conquer foreign lands
3. Civil service exams
4. Scholar gentry

21. Chinas’s Age of Preeminence,
589–1279
D. China Divided: Jurchens and Southern
Song, 1127 – 1279
1. Jurchen nomads rebel in 1114
2. Overran northern China
3. Song ruled southern China
4. Hangzhou

22. MAP 14.5 The Jurchens and the Southern Song,
1127–1279

23. Highlights and Hallmarks of
Chinese Society

24. Highlights and Hallmarks of
Chinese Society
A. Commercial and Technological
Innovations
1. Sources of commercial power
2. Innovations and their impact

25. Terraced rice fields in southern China.

26. Early carved woodblock used for Chinese printing.

27. Highlights and Hallmarks of
Chinese Society
B. Spiritual, Intellectual, and Cultural
Creativity
1. Stability, prosperity, and creativity
2. New Buddhist sects
3. Confucianism rebounds
4. Chinese poetry
5. Arts and crafts

28. Highlights and Hallmarks of
Chinese Society
C. Urban and Rural Society
1. Chinese cities
2. Chang’an

29. MAP 14.6 Chang’an: China’s Imperial Capital, 589–
907

30. Highlights and Hallmarks of
Chinese Society
C. Urban and Rural Society
1. Peasant life
2. Patriarchy

31. Foot reshaped by foot binding compared with
normal foot.

32. Vietnam and the Chinese Impact

33. Vietnam and the Chinese Impact
A. Vietnam Under Chinese Domination
1. Chinese rule
2. Adaptation of Chinese culture

34. MAP 14.7 Early Vietnam and Its Expansion in the
Tenth Through Fifteenth Centuries

35. Vietnam and the Chinese Impact
B. Vietnamese Autonomy
1. The overthrow of Chinese rule
2. Vietnamese expansion

36. Korea and the Chinese Impact

37. Korea and the Chinese Impact
A. Early Chinese Influence in Korea
1. Chinese migration and conquest
2. Korea during China’s Age of Disunity
3. The blending of Chinese and Korean
culture

38. MAP 14.8 Korea and Japan in the Fourth Through
Tenth Centuries

39. Korea and the Chinese Impact
B. The Kingdom of Koryo, 935 – 1392

40. An inlaid Korean bottle from the kingdom of
Koryo.

41. The Emergence of Japan

42. The Emergence of Japan
A. The Foundations of Japanese Society
1. Geography and society
2. Religion
3. Rise of the Ya
B. Early Borrowing from China
1. The arrival of Buddhism
2. Japanese rulers and the borrowing of
Chinese ways

43. Horyu-ji Temple, Nara, Japan.

44. The Emergence of Japan
C. The Heian Era: Divergence from China
1. Cultural blending
2. Distinctive literature
3. Politics and divergence
C. The Rise of the Warrior Class
1. Warlords and samurai
2. Serfdom
3. The Minamoto and the shogunate

45. Portrait of Musō Soseki, a Buddhist
monk from the Kamakura era.

46. Key Dates and Developments
China/Vietnam and Korea/Japan