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Works of
 Mercy
Opening Prayer

Dear Lord, help me to remove from my
mind every thought or opinion which You
would not sanction, every feeling from my
  heart which You would not approve.
Grant that I may spend the hours of the
 day gladly working with You according
              to Your will.
Opening Prayer
Help me just for today and be with me in it.
  In the long hours of work, that I may not
   grow weary or slack in serving You. In
 conversation that they may not be to me
   occasions of un-charitableness. In the
 day's worries and disappointments, that I
     may be patient with myself and with
  those around me. In moments of fatigue
     and illness, that I may be mindful of
        others rather than of myself.
Opening Prayer
In temptations, that I may be generous and
   loyal, so that when the day is over I may
     lay it at Your feet, with its successes
  which are all Yours, and its failures which
    are all my own, and feel that life is real
    and peaceful, and blessed when spent
       with You as the Guest of my soul.
                     Amen.
Overview
• False Opinions       • Catholic Doctrine
  about Charity          on Works
• Love for the Poor    • Faith Perfected by
• Spiritual Works of     Works
  Mercy                • What is Merit?
• Corporal Works of    • Obedience of
  Mercy                  Faith
• Works of Mercy
• Good Works Done
  Well
False Opinions about Charity
• Margaret Sanger, Founder of Planned
  Parenthood: ―The Cruelty of Charity….
  Fostering the good-for-nothing at the
  expense of the good is an extreme cruelty. It
  is a deliberate storing up of miseries for
  future generations. There is no greater
  curse to posterity than that of bequeathing
  them an increasing population of imbeciles‖1
  "[They are] an unceasingly spawning class
  of human beings who never should have been
  born at all.‖2
False Opinions about Charity
• Margaret Sanger, continued…
  ―…apply a stern and rigid policy of
  sterilization and segregation to that grade
  of population whose progeny is tainted, or
  whose inheritance is such that
  objectionable traits may be transmitted to
  offspring…give certain dysgenic [i.e. unfit]
  groups in our population their choice of
  segregation [i.e., concentration camps] or
  sterilization….‖ 3
False Opinions about Charity
• Margaret Sanger, continued…
  ―… take an inventory of…illiterates,
  paupers, unemployables…classify them
  in special departments…segregate
  them…as long as necessary…. Having
  corralled this enormous part of our
  population…the future citizen [will be]
  safeguarded from hereditary taints.‖4
Love for the Poor
• ―Love for the poor is inspired by the
  Gospel of the Beatitudes and by the
  example of Jesus in his constant
  concern for the poor.‖5
• Matthew 25:40
   ―Whatever you have done to the least
   of my brethren, you have done to me‖
Love for the Poor
• ―Love for the poor shows itself through the
  struggle against material poverty and also
  against the many forms of cultural, moral, and
  religious poverty. The spiritual and corporal
  works of mercy and the many charitable
  institutions formed throughout the centuries
  are a concrete witness to the preferential
  love for the poor which characterizes the
  disciples of Jesus.‖5
Spiritual Works of Mercy6
1.   Counsel the doubtful
2.   Instruct the ignorant
3.   Admonish sinners
4.   Comfort the afflicted
5.   Forgive offenses
6.   Bear wrongs patiently
7.   Pray for the living and the dead
Corporal Works of Mercy6
1.   Feed the hungry.
2.   Give drink to the thirsty.
3.   Clothe the naked.
4.   Shelter the homeless.
5.   Visit the sick.
6.   Visit the imprisoned.
7.   Bury the dead.
Works of Mercy
• Coincide with various forms of
  almsgiving —―alms‖ derives from the
  Greek word for ―mercy‖
• Acts 26:20
  ―…repent and turn to God and perform
 deeds worthy (Gk axios ergon) of
 repentance.‖
• Read Matt 25:31-46
Good Works Done Well
• "It is not enough to do good works; they
  need to be done well. For our works to
  be good and perfect, they must be done
  for the sole purpose of pleasing God‖7
       -- St. Alphonsus Maria De Liguori
Pope Quiz
• True or False? The Popes have
  taught the following doctrine:
  – ―[We are] justified gratuitously,
    because none of those things that
    precede justification, whether faith or
    works, merit the grace of justification.‖
• True. Pope Paul III, Council of Trent,
  13 Jan 1547, Decree on Justification
Discussion question
• Martin Luther taught:
  – ―[Catholics] say that we must believe in Christ
    and that faith is the foundation of salvation, but
    they say that this faith does not justify unless it
    is ―formed by love.‖ This is not the truth of the
    Gospel; it is a falsehood and pretense …we
    refuse to concede…that faith formed by love
    justifies.‖ (Luther’s Works 26, 88-90)
• Question: Is there a supernatural reward for
  works of mercy (love) performed by those in
  Christ (the faithful)? If so, in what is the
  reward?
Catholic Doctrine on Works
• Catholic doctrine teaches we are justified by
  faith, hope, and charity
  – Faith = gift from God
  – Works = fruit of justification
• Justification is not a ―one time‖ event
  – Rev 22:11 ―he that is just, let him be justified
    still‖
• In Catholic teaching, justifying faith is faith
  which is ―formed by‖ love (―love believes all
  things,‖ ―faith that worketh through love‖)
Faith Perfected by Works
• James 2:17-24 ―faith by itself, if it has no
  works, is dead…Even the demons believe--
  and shudder…. Abraham our father [was]
  justified by works, when he offered his son
  Isaac upon the altar…you see that faith
  was active along with his works, and faith
  was completed (i.e. perfected) by
  works…man is justified by works and not
  by faith alone…. faith apart from works is
  dead. ‖
What is Merit?
• Merit (noun) derives from Latin
  meritum, ―reward due;‖ akin to Greek
  meiresthai , ―to receive as one's
  portion,‖ meros , ―part‖
• Merit (verb) can also mean ―to be
  worthy of‖
• Merit has also come to be associated
  with the ―work‖ itself, insofar as it
  receives a reward, good or bad
What is Merit?
• There are two kinds of merit (reward)
  which depend upon whether the merit is
  due according to justice or merely
 bestowed out of graciousness
• Condign Merit – reward due from
  justice; equality between service and
  return
  – Example: just payment for work
    performed
What is Merit?
• Congruous Merit – reward bestowed
  out of graciousness
  – Examples: gratuities (i.e. giving a tip to
    a waitress) and military decorations.
    These are not deserved due to justice,
    strictly speaking, but are bestowed
    gratuitously based upon deeds
    accomplished. This kind of reward
    always depends upon the kindness of
    the giver
What is Merit?
• The opposite of ―believe‖ (Gk pisteuo) is
  ―disobey‖
   – Jn 3:36 ―He who believes in the Son has
     eternal life; he who does not obey the
     Son shall not see life, but the wrath of
     God rests upon him.‖
• The ―obedience of faith‖ (Rom 1:5; 16:26)
  or good works of the just make a man better,
  and, provided they are done freely, they truly
  merit an increase in grace and glory
What is Merit?
• Being made the ―friends of God‖ (Jn
  15:15), we can advance from virtue to virtue
• We are ―renewed from day to day‖ (2 Cor
  4:16) by putting away evil desires (Col 3:5),
  presenting ourselves as ―instruments of
  justice‖ (Rom 6:13, 19)
• By grace through ―faith cooperating with
  good works‖ (Jam 2:22) our justice is
  increased and the just are ―justified still‖
  (Rev 22:11)
What is Merit?
• This increase the Church prays for: ―Give
  unto us, O Lord, an increase of faith, hope
  and charity‖
• Merit (reward) of ―good works‖ is the fruit of
  justification
• 1 Cor 15:58 ―abound in every good work
  knowing that your labor is not in vain in the
  Lord‖
• Read Col 3:24-26
Obedience of Faith
• Sermon8 by Protestant (Calvinist) pastor,
  C.H. Spurgeon …
  – "Have I that faith which leads me to obey my
    God?—for obedience, if it be of the kind we are
    speaking of, is faith in action—faith walking with
    God―
  – ―The religion of mere brain and jaw does not
    amount to much. We want the religion of hands
    and feet‖
Obedience of Faith
• C.H. Spurgeon, continued…
  – ―Those who practice the obedience of faith look
    for the reward hereafter,... They know the
    words, "No cross, no crown;" and they recognise
    the truth that, if there is no obedience here,
    there will be no reward hereafter.... The
    obedience which faith produces must be
    continuous....‖
Obedience of Faith
• C.H. Spurgeon, continued…
  – ―... this is a kind of life which will bring communion
    with God.... a holy walk—the walk described...as
    faith working obedience—is heaven beneath the
    stars. God comes down to walk with men who
    obey. If they walk with him, he walks with them.
    The Lord can only have fellowship with his
    servants as they obey. Obedience is heaven in
    us, and it is the preface of our being in heaven.
    Obedient faith is the way to eternal life—nay, it
    is eternal life revealing itself.‖
Questions?
References
1.   Sanger, Margaret, The Pivot of Civilization, NY: Brentanos,
     1922, p. 105
2.   Ibid. , p. 187
3.   Sanger, Margaret, A Plan for Peace, published in Birth Control
     Review, April 1932, pp. 107-108
4.   Ibid.
5.    Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church
     (CCCC), no. 520
6.   Ibid., appendix
7.   Saint Alphonsus Maria De Liguori, Pratica di amar Gesù Cristo,
     VI, cited by John Paul II in Veritatis Spendor
8.   [8] Spurgeon, C. H., A Sermon (No. 2195), delivered 21 Aug
     1890 at the Matropolitan Tabernacle, Newington, Web,
     accessed 26 Jan 2010, URL:
     http://www.spurgeon.org/sermons/2195.htm

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Works Of Mercy

  • 2. Opening Prayer Dear Lord, help me to remove from my mind every thought or opinion which You would not sanction, every feeling from my heart which You would not approve. Grant that I may spend the hours of the day gladly working with You according to Your will.
  • 3. Opening Prayer Help me just for today and be with me in it. In the long hours of work, that I may not grow weary or slack in serving You. In conversation that they may not be to me occasions of un-charitableness. In the day's worries and disappointments, that I may be patient with myself and with those around me. In moments of fatigue and illness, that I may be mindful of others rather than of myself.
  • 4. Opening Prayer In temptations, that I may be generous and loyal, so that when the day is over I may lay it at Your feet, with its successes which are all Yours, and its failures which are all my own, and feel that life is real and peaceful, and blessed when spent with You as the Guest of my soul. Amen.
  • 5. Overview • False Opinions • Catholic Doctrine about Charity on Works • Love for the Poor • Faith Perfected by • Spiritual Works of Works Mercy • What is Merit? • Corporal Works of • Obedience of Mercy Faith • Works of Mercy • Good Works Done Well
  • 6. False Opinions about Charity • Margaret Sanger, Founder of Planned Parenthood: ―The Cruelty of Charity…. Fostering the good-for-nothing at the expense of the good is an extreme cruelty. It is a deliberate storing up of miseries for future generations. There is no greater curse to posterity than that of bequeathing them an increasing population of imbeciles‖1 "[They are] an unceasingly spawning class of human beings who never should have been born at all.‖2
  • 7. False Opinions about Charity • Margaret Sanger, continued… ―…apply a stern and rigid policy of sterilization and segregation to that grade of population whose progeny is tainted, or whose inheritance is such that objectionable traits may be transmitted to offspring…give certain dysgenic [i.e. unfit] groups in our population their choice of segregation [i.e., concentration camps] or sterilization….‖ 3
  • 8. False Opinions about Charity • Margaret Sanger, continued… ―… take an inventory of…illiterates, paupers, unemployables…classify them in special departments…segregate them…as long as necessary…. Having corralled this enormous part of our population…the future citizen [will be] safeguarded from hereditary taints.‖4
  • 9. Love for the Poor • ―Love for the poor is inspired by the Gospel of the Beatitudes and by the example of Jesus in his constant concern for the poor.‖5 • Matthew 25:40 ―Whatever you have done to the least of my brethren, you have done to me‖
  • 10. Love for the Poor • ―Love for the poor shows itself through the struggle against material poverty and also against the many forms of cultural, moral, and religious poverty. The spiritual and corporal works of mercy and the many charitable institutions formed throughout the centuries are a concrete witness to the preferential love for the poor which characterizes the disciples of Jesus.‖5
  • 11. Spiritual Works of Mercy6 1. Counsel the doubtful 2. Instruct the ignorant 3. Admonish sinners 4. Comfort the afflicted 5. Forgive offenses 6. Bear wrongs patiently 7. Pray for the living and the dead
  • 12. Corporal Works of Mercy6 1. Feed the hungry. 2. Give drink to the thirsty. 3. Clothe the naked. 4. Shelter the homeless. 5. Visit the sick. 6. Visit the imprisoned. 7. Bury the dead.
  • 13. Works of Mercy • Coincide with various forms of almsgiving —―alms‖ derives from the Greek word for ―mercy‖ • Acts 26:20 ―…repent and turn to God and perform deeds worthy (Gk axios ergon) of repentance.‖ • Read Matt 25:31-46
  • 14. Good Works Done Well • "It is not enough to do good works; they need to be done well. For our works to be good and perfect, they must be done for the sole purpose of pleasing God‖7 -- St. Alphonsus Maria De Liguori
  • 15. Pope Quiz • True or False? The Popes have taught the following doctrine: – ―[We are] justified gratuitously, because none of those things that precede justification, whether faith or works, merit the grace of justification.‖ • True. Pope Paul III, Council of Trent, 13 Jan 1547, Decree on Justification
  • 16. Discussion question • Martin Luther taught: – ―[Catholics] say that we must believe in Christ and that faith is the foundation of salvation, but they say that this faith does not justify unless it is ―formed by love.‖ This is not the truth of the Gospel; it is a falsehood and pretense …we refuse to concede…that faith formed by love justifies.‖ (Luther’s Works 26, 88-90) • Question: Is there a supernatural reward for works of mercy (love) performed by those in Christ (the faithful)? If so, in what is the reward?
  • 17. Catholic Doctrine on Works • Catholic doctrine teaches we are justified by faith, hope, and charity – Faith = gift from God – Works = fruit of justification • Justification is not a ―one time‖ event – Rev 22:11 ―he that is just, let him be justified still‖ • In Catholic teaching, justifying faith is faith which is ―formed by‖ love (―love believes all things,‖ ―faith that worketh through love‖)
  • 18. Faith Perfected by Works • James 2:17-24 ―faith by itself, if it has no works, is dead…Even the demons believe-- and shudder…. Abraham our father [was] justified by works, when he offered his son Isaac upon the altar…you see that faith was active along with his works, and faith was completed (i.e. perfected) by works…man is justified by works and not by faith alone…. faith apart from works is dead. ‖
  • 19. What is Merit? • Merit (noun) derives from Latin meritum, ―reward due;‖ akin to Greek meiresthai , ―to receive as one's portion,‖ meros , ―part‖ • Merit (verb) can also mean ―to be worthy of‖ • Merit has also come to be associated with the ―work‖ itself, insofar as it receives a reward, good or bad
  • 20. What is Merit? • There are two kinds of merit (reward) which depend upon whether the merit is due according to justice or merely bestowed out of graciousness • Condign Merit – reward due from justice; equality between service and return – Example: just payment for work performed
  • 21. What is Merit? • Congruous Merit – reward bestowed out of graciousness – Examples: gratuities (i.e. giving a tip to a waitress) and military decorations. These are not deserved due to justice, strictly speaking, but are bestowed gratuitously based upon deeds accomplished. This kind of reward always depends upon the kindness of the giver
  • 22. What is Merit? • The opposite of ―believe‖ (Gk pisteuo) is ―disobey‖ – Jn 3:36 ―He who believes in the Son has eternal life; he who does not obey the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God rests upon him.‖ • The ―obedience of faith‖ (Rom 1:5; 16:26) or good works of the just make a man better, and, provided they are done freely, they truly merit an increase in grace and glory
  • 23. What is Merit? • Being made the ―friends of God‖ (Jn 15:15), we can advance from virtue to virtue • We are ―renewed from day to day‖ (2 Cor 4:16) by putting away evil desires (Col 3:5), presenting ourselves as ―instruments of justice‖ (Rom 6:13, 19) • By grace through ―faith cooperating with good works‖ (Jam 2:22) our justice is increased and the just are ―justified still‖ (Rev 22:11)
  • 24. What is Merit? • This increase the Church prays for: ―Give unto us, O Lord, an increase of faith, hope and charity‖ • Merit (reward) of ―good works‖ is the fruit of justification • 1 Cor 15:58 ―abound in every good work knowing that your labor is not in vain in the Lord‖ • Read Col 3:24-26
  • 25. Obedience of Faith • Sermon8 by Protestant (Calvinist) pastor, C.H. Spurgeon … – "Have I that faith which leads me to obey my God?—for obedience, if it be of the kind we are speaking of, is faith in action—faith walking with God― – ―The religion of mere brain and jaw does not amount to much. We want the religion of hands and feet‖
  • 26. Obedience of Faith • C.H. Spurgeon, continued… – ―Those who practice the obedience of faith look for the reward hereafter,... They know the words, "No cross, no crown;" and they recognise the truth that, if there is no obedience here, there will be no reward hereafter.... The obedience which faith produces must be continuous....‖
  • 27. Obedience of Faith • C.H. Spurgeon, continued… – ―... this is a kind of life which will bring communion with God.... a holy walk—the walk described...as faith working obedience—is heaven beneath the stars. God comes down to walk with men who obey. If they walk with him, he walks with them. The Lord can only have fellowship with his servants as they obey. Obedience is heaven in us, and it is the preface of our being in heaven. Obedient faith is the way to eternal life—nay, it is eternal life revealing itself.‖
  • 29. References 1. Sanger, Margaret, The Pivot of Civilization, NY: Brentanos, 1922, p. 105 2. Ibid. , p. 187 3. Sanger, Margaret, A Plan for Peace, published in Birth Control Review, April 1932, pp. 107-108 4. Ibid. 5. Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCCC), no. 520 6. Ibid., appendix 7. Saint Alphonsus Maria De Liguori, Pratica di amar Gesù Cristo, VI, cited by John Paul II in Veritatis Spendor 8. [8] Spurgeon, C. H., A Sermon (No. 2195), delivered 21 Aug 1890 at the Matropolitan Tabernacle, Newington, Web, accessed 26 Jan 2010, URL: http://www.spurgeon.org/sermons/2195.htm