2. •REVIEW
GAME

3. •This refers to the
Japanese Military Police
that inflicted severe
punishment to the
Filipinos.
kEMPETAI

4. •The money that was
introduced by the
Japanese government
but apparently it has no
value.
Mickey Mouse
Money

5. •They were the Filipinos who
choose to live in the
mountains and launched
surprise attacks against the
Japanese.
GuERIllAs

6. •A historical event that
brutally forced the Filipino
and American soldiers to
walkfromMariveles, Bataan
to Capas, Tarlac.
Bataan
Death
March

7. • The Japanese policy of attraction
forAsian countries in promoting
independence fromwestern
influences that Filipinos turned
down forthey thought that it was
a trap to be underforeign rule
again.
Greater East Asia
Co-Prosperity Sphere

8. •It was the language
introduced by the
Japanese to the
Filipinos.
Niponggo

9. •The American naval
base in Hawaii that
was attacked by the
Japanese forces on
December8, 1941.
P
E
A
R
l
H
A
R
B
O
R

10. General
Masahar
u

11. General Douglas
MacArthur
“I came
through
and I shall
return.”

14. • The President of the
Philippines is the
head of state and
government of the
Republic of the
Philippines.

15. • First Republic (Malo lo s Re public)
(First Dictato rship) (1899-1901)
• Emilio Aguinaldo (January 23, 1899-April 1, 1901)
• Commonwealth (Am e rican Era) (1935-
1944)
• Manuel L. Quezon (November 15, 1935 –
August 1, 1944)
• Second Republic (Japane se O ccupatio n)
(1943-1945)
• Jose P. Laurel (October 14, 1943 – August 14,
1945)(de facto)
• Commonwealth (Re sto re d) (1944-1946)
• Sergio Osmeña (August 1, 1944 – May 28,
1946)

16. Third Republic
(Po st-Am e rican Era) (1946-1972)
With independence from the US came the establishment of the
Third Republic of the Philippines.

17. • The government of the
independent Republic
was riddled with graft
and corruption and lost
the confidence of the
people.
• The corruption within
the government also
resulted in the rise of
the Left in the form of
the HUKBALAHAP or
the Huks.

19. Manuel Acuna Roxas
Fifth President
First President of the Independent
Third Republic of the Philippines
1946 - 1948
He was inaugurated on July 4,
1946, the day the U.S.
government granted political
independence to its colony.
(May 28, 1946 – April 15, 1948)

20. Achievements
• Greatest achievement is the ratification of the Bell
Trade Act Rehabilitation and reconstruction of
war-ravaged Philippines
• Improvement of the ruined economy
• Adopted the pro-American policy.
Problems
•Graft and corruption in the government, as
evidenced by the “Surplus of War Property
Scandal”, “Chinese Immigration Quota Scandal”,
“School Supplies Scandal:
•Failure to check the Communist HUK movement.
President Roxas
encouraged the Filipinos to
help themselves and put
into practice the Bayanihan
spirit in improving the
communities.

21. Bayanihan- A spirit of communal
unity and cooperation

22. Significant Event
•Two Asian heads of state
visited Philippines–President
Chiang Kai-shek of Nationalist
China (Formosa) in July 1949
and President Achmed
Sukarno of Indonesia in
January 1951.
•Korean War and over 7,450
Filipino soldiers were sent to
Korea under the designation
of the Philippine
Expeditionary Forces to
(November 16, 1890 – February
29, 1956)
Elpidio Rivera Quirino
Sixth President
Second President of the Third Republic
1948 - 1953

23. Problems
•Lack of Funds
•HUK Problem: Terrorism and Disruption of Peace and
order.
•Graft and corruption in his government
•Wasteful spending of the people's money in
extravagant junkets abroad;
.
Activities:
•the restoration of the faith and confidence of the people in
the government.
•He instituted diplomatic ties with other countries and gave
emphasis on the use of Pilipinas as the name of the
country in foreign correspondence.

24. He was sworn into office wearing the
Barong Tagalog, a first by a Philippine
president.
(August 31, 1907 - March 17, 1957)
Ramon del Fierro Magsaysay
Seventh President
Third President of the Third Republic
1953 - 1957
He is known as the president of the
masses.
During his term, he made Malacañáng
Palace literally a "house of the people",
opening its gates to the public.
He was killed in a plane crash before
the end of his term.

25. Achievements
•Savior of democracy in the Philippines
•Man of the Masses
•Stopped the HUK communist rebellion
•Improved the conditions of the barrios
•Constructed roads, bridges, irrigation canals
•Established the SEATO: Southeast Asia
Treaty Organization
Problems
•Impending projects
•Lack of enough funds
•Graft and corruption
He imposed high
moral standard for
public officials

26. Carlos Polistico Garcia
Eight President Fourth
President of the Third Republic
1957 - 1961
He is known for his "Filipino First"
policy, which put the interests of the
Filipino people above those of
foreigners and of the ruling party.
(November 4, 1896 – June 14, 1971)

27. Significant events:
• President Garcia is most remembered most for
his Austerity Programand Filipino First Policy.
• His Austerity Program was aimed at curbing
graft and corruption within the government.
• He was among the founders of the Association
for Southeast Asian Nations.(1963)
Problems
•Graft and corruption
•Lack of treasury funds
•Huge national debt
•Impending projects
The Filipino First Policy put the rights of
Filipinos above those of foreigners (This
favored the Filipino businessmen in
contrast to foreign investors. This meant,
foreigners could invest capital up to 40%
in a business orindustry while the
remaining 60% would be owned by
Filipino citizens.)

28. Diosdado Pangan Macapagal
Ninth President
Fifth President of the Third Republic
1961 - 1965
(September 28, 1910 – April 21, 1997)
Diosdado Macapagal is of royal blood due to
descent from their great-great-grandfather:
Don Juan Macapagal (A prince of Tondo) who
was a great-grandson of the last reigning
Rajah of Selurong, Rajah Lakandula.

29. Presidency
Macapagal also passed the Land Reform Bill
which freed many farmers from slavery as
tenant farmers.
•Another of his achievements was the forming
of Maphilindo (Malaysia, the Philippines and
Indonesia) through a foreign policy.
•It was Macapagal who changed the
Independence Day to June 12 from July 4.The
first celebrations commemorating
independence from Spain were held in 1962.
Problems
•Acute problem in unemployment
•Widespread mass poverty
•Graft and corruption problem
•Lack of treasury funds
a number his reforms were blocked
by the Nacionalista dominated Senate
and House of Representatives.

30. Ferdinand Emmanuel
Edralin Marcos
Tenth President
Sixth President of the Third Republic
1965-1986
•(September 11, 1917 – September 28,1989)
“This nation can be great again.
in 1949, he said:
“Elect me your congressman now and I’ll
give you an Ilokano President in 20
years.”
It is generally known that Marcos had the most infrastructure and
constitutional accomplishments, which were equivalent to those of all
former presidents of the Philippines.

31. Plans for economic development and good government/
Achievements
•immediate construction of roads, bridges and public works
•hired technocrats and highly educated persons to form part of the cabinet and
•Vietnam War; over 10,450 Filipino soldiers were sent to South Vietnam under the
designation of PHLCAAG or Philippines Civil Affairs Assistance Group.
•Re-elected because of his impressive performance

32. Downfall
• rampant corruption
• political mismanagement by his relatives and cronies
• having looted billions of dollars from the Filipino treasury
• notorious nepotist, appointing family members and close
friends to high positions in his cabine .
• Declaration of Martial Law
• Popular sentiment in Metro Manila sided with Aquino,
leading to a massive, multisectoral congregation of
protesters, and the gradual defection of the military to
Aquino led by Marcos' cronies, Enrile and Ramos.
• The "People Power movement" drove Marcos into exile,
and installed Corazon Aquino as the new president.

33. Presidents of the
Third Republic
Each President of the country had
their own government policies and
programs to solve the problems of
the country.