2. What are the process occurs in photosynthesis? How starch is synthesize?

3. THYLAKOID Chloroplast Dark reaction occurs Light reaction occurs STROMA

5. Non-cyclic photophosphorylation

6. Cyclic Photophosphorylation

7. Photosynthesis: Pathway of Carbon Fixation STARCH

9. CO2 combines with the phosphorylated 5-carbon sugar ribulose bisphosphate (RUBP) reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase ( RUBISCO ) resulting 6-carbon compound breaks down into two molecules of 3-phosphoglyceric acid ( PGA ). PGA molecules are further phosphorylated (by ATP ) and are reduced (by NADPH ) to form phosphoglyceraldehyde ( PGAL ). Enzyme responsible for fixing 200 bilion tons of CO2 anually

10. Phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) serves as the starting material for the synthesis of glucose and fructose . Glucose and fructose PolysaccharideSynthesis starch & cellulose Travel to other part of the plant As Monomer Sucrose

11. CO2 + H20 3-phosphoglycerate ATP + NADPH ADP + Pi NADP+ Triose Phosphate Sucrose, Starch ATP ADP CARBOXYLATION REDUCTION REGENERATION

13. CH2O~P Chlorophyll H20 O2 CH2O~P H20 CO2 + H2O ( CH2O)n ATP [ADP + Pi], NADP+ + NADPH Light

14. Reduction Process in Calvin cycle

16. Why convert Glucose to Starch?