General Histology Power Point

1. Histology Slide list “ Thank You Sanjar!” from the ‘0nizzy

12. Secretory granules, condensing granules, zymogen granules (not 2)

30. Dense Irregular …

63. Motor End Plate

65. Multipolar Neuron

68. Dorsal Root ganglion…

70. Nerve Longitudinal section in which the arrows point to nodes of ranvier Nerve X-section – axis cylinders seen at (a) surrounded by myelin – the entire nerve trunk is surrounded by epineurium seen at (b) This is at higher power – axons can be seen at (a) and the endoneurium can be seen at (b) These are both myelin stains – note in the latter the myelin sheath appears to be black  the nerve also is divided into fascicles

76. Myenteric Plexus continued…

78. Ganglion Cells . The ganglionic cell layer where the dot is Dorsal Root Ganglion

80. Esophagus Continued… High power of esophageal epithelium – basal layer of stratum germanitvum at (a), papillae of the lamina propria projecting at (b) Seen here is the gastroesophageal junction – esophageal epithelium at (a), the simple columnar junction of the stomach at (B), and the cardiac glands at (C) in the lamina propria

81. Stomach Tall simple columnar cells at (A) – the gastric or fundus glands at (B), (C) shows the circular layer of the muscularis externa, while (D) shows the longitudinal layer A picture of the gastric mucosa – lining epithelium at (a) – gastric pit at (b) – gastric gland (c) Picture of the base of a gastric gland – chief cells at (a) – parietal cell at (b) – muscularis mucosae at (c)

82. Stomach continued… Another gastric mucosa picture – parietal cells at (a) b/w chief cells – mucous neck cells at (b) Epithelial cells at (A) – gastric gland at (B) – connective tissue of the mucosa at (C) Zoom of a gastric gland – parietal cells at (a) – chief cells at (b) – connective tissue at (c) b/w the glands

83. Stomach… Note the (reddish) or lighter parietal cells in between the darker chief cells in a close up of the gastric gland

84. Stomach…

87. Duodenum continued… Picture of Brunner’s Glands – note the basal nuclei location Auerbach’s plexus – inner circular layer at (A) – soma of the autonomic nuclei at (B) – outer longitudinal muscle layer at (C) – a venule at (D)

88. Jejunum Note the tall villi and the short intestinal glands – the left shows the lacteal at (a) – the columnar cells at (b) – and the intestinal glands at (c)

89. Crypts of Lieberkuhn The muscularis mucosae (a), the submucosa – collagen tissue of the submucosa (b) – lumen of the crypts at (c) Goblet cells at (a) – lamina propria connective tissue at (b) – and intestinal gland cells at (c) Paneth cells occupying the basal region of the gland at (A)

90. Ileum Accumulation of lymphoid tissue called Peyer’s patches seen at (A) – mesentery cut at (B) Germinal center of a lymph nodule of a peyer’s patch at (a) – the muscularis at (b) – intestinal gland at (c) Long villi with many goblet cells seen

91. Peyer’s Patches – found in the submucosa of the ileum Villi at (a) – intestinal gland at (b) – the peyer’s patch at (c) – the connective tissue of the submucosa at (d) -- circular and longitudinal muscle layers at (e) and (f) – the serosa at (g) Peyer’s patches

92. The Large Intestine (Colon) Note the mucosa (A) has crypts of lieberkuhn, but no villi – submucosa (B) is loose connective tissue – muscularis externa at (C), and Adventia at (D) Close up of the colon mucosa – lumen of the colon at (a) – (b) is the opening of the crypts – (d) is the lamina propria Again, the colon mucosa – goblet cells in the epithelium (b), and crypts at (a)

93. Colon…

94. Liver The connective tissue at (B) separates the lobes of the liver into lobules – the center of a lobule is the central vein shown at (A) which, in this case, is branched Arrows depict the parenchyma of the liver – the central vein shown at (A) which drains the sinusoids and connective tissue shown at (B)

95. Liver continued… The central vein at (A) The hepatic portal vein at (A) – the hepatic artery at (B) – and the bile duct at (C) The sinusoids are shown with arrows – the hapatic portal vein at (A) – the bile duct at (C) The central vein at (A) – parenchyma cell at (C) – endothelial cells at (D) separated from the parenchymal cells via the space of disse – kupffer cells at (C) lining the endothelium

96. Liver continued… Parenchymal cells are involved in carbohydrate metabolism seen – see glycogen depoits at (A) – sinusoids seen at (B) Parenchymal cells are the source of liver’s bile – intercellular spaces b/w parenchymal cells form bile canaliculi seen at (A) longitudinally and at (B) in X-section – sinusoids with blood cells at (C) Liver bile is gather from bile canaliculi in the lobule by small ducts shown at arrows – the small ducts empty into the bile duct at the triad shown at (A)

97. Liver Arrow pointing to hepatic portal vein

98. Gall Bladder Mucosa at (A) – muscularis externa at (B) – adventia at (C) At (B) shows the mucosa w/simple columnar epithelia and underlying lamina propria – folds and sinuses seen at (A) – the muscularis at (C) is composed of three types of smooth muscles that empty the gall bladder vianerves (arrow) – serosa at (D)

99. Lymphatic System -- begins Lymphatic nodules – found in the lamina propria of GI system and respiratory system – formed in response to specific antigens Picture of the iliem portion of the SI – lymph nodules at (A) – note the lighter staining center at (A) where cell proliferation of B-cells occurs Picture of a lymph nodule – lighter staining center at (a) and the dark periphery at (b) which is composed of lymphocytes

100. Diffuse Lymphatic Tissue

102. Tonsil…

104. Lymph node continued… Lymph node medulla

105. Lymph node… Subcapsular space of the lymph node at arrow

106. Spleen An outer connective tissue capsule projects trabeculae seen at (c) – the white pulp seen at (a) contains mainly lympcytes and the surrounding red pulp seen at (b) The white pulp (a) is a collection of lymph nodules with lymphocytes surrounding the central artery (b)  Periarterial Lymphatic Sheath – blood from these central arteries flows to the sinusoids of the red pulp seen at (c)

107. Spleen… High power – sinuoids seen at (a) and the surrounding cords of Billroth Silver stain of the same area as the left one

108. Spleen…

109. Thymus Thymus composed of lobules – outer cortex seen at (a) composed of T-lymphocytes and an inner medulla at (b) composed of epithelial cells forming the blood-thymus barrier The edge of the cortex is seen at (a) and the medulla is seen at (b) – within the medulla are Hassall’s corpuscles seen at (c) Close up of the medulla at (b) and a sliced onion shaped Hassall's corpuscle at (a)

110. Thymus Arrow pointing to a epithelial reticular cell of the thymus

111. Thymus – general structure

112. Arteriole A smaller artery and a larger arteriole

113. Venule Note the round arteriole and the squashed venule Arrow pointing to a venule Picture of a venule and an arteriole

114. Vein

115. Elastic artery

118. Nephron continued… Proximal convoluted tubule Note the Brush border on the proximal tubule

119. The Medulla The tubules of the medulla include the collecting tubules (A) and the loop of Henle at (B) – The collecting tubules have a large lumen and are comprised of simple cuboidal epithelia and these cells have distinct lateral borders – The loops of henle are comprised of simple squamous epithelia and have indistinct lateral borders This is the inner section of the medulla which contains the main collecting ducts that carries the urine to the minor calyx (A) – The calyx is lined with trasitional epithelium (arrow)

120. Collecting Duct

121. Ureter Urine is carried from the minor calyx to the major calyx – then to the pelvis and to the ureter – The lumen of the ureter is at (A) which is star-shaped and is lined with transitional epithelium – Inner Circularis muscles are seen at (B) and longitudinal muscles at (C) Another Ureter Picture – note the transitional epithelium

123. Hypophysis… Top left arrow is a acidophil – bottom left arrow is a chromophobe – top right arrow is a basophil

124. Pars Distalis Note the irreular cords of epithelial cells composing the pars distalis Acidophils are seen at (a) with a reddish cytoplasm. Acidophils produce GH or Prolactin – smaller basophils are seen at (b) with a blue cytoplasm – chromophobes are seen at (c) and can differentiate into either acidophils or basophils – they are separated by conn tissue fibers seen at (d)

125. Pars Distalis continued… The acidophils are seen at (a) – again note their pink cytoplasm – basophils are seen at (b), and a few chromophobes (light staining cytoplasm) can be seen at (c) – the (s) represents the sinusoids that are present

128. Thyroid Gland Made up of follicles surround by simple cuboidal epithelium – the follicles are filled with colloid (A) – colloid can be globular as seen in (B) or dark staining seen at (C) Follicles can vary in sizes as seen in (A) and (B)

129. Thyroid gland continued… (A) Shows the colloid within the follicle – follicular cells can be seen at (B) which produce Thyroglobulin and release T4 into the capillaries (seen at C) – (D) shows clumping of follicular cells At (a) is a follicular cell and at (b) is a parafollicular cell (light stained) which are clear cells – the latter cell produces calcitonin

130. Random Thyroid Gland pix

131. Parathyroid Gland Picture of thyroid [(C) and (B)] and parathyroid glands (A) – note the parathyroid gland is composed of cords of cells and is separated from the thyroid by a capsule Note the cells are lined up along capillaries – chief cells are seen at (a) and comprise most of the cells – some chief cells are large and contain lots of glycogen (b) – note they are more clear – these chief cells release PTH – chief cells are also seen at (c) and are in contact with capillaries

134. Adrenal Gland G F R Medulla

135. Adrenal Cortex Zona glomerulosa at (A) – the zona fasciculata at (B) which are paler in color – the reticularis is seen at (C) and has darker cells The adrenal capsule is seen at (a) – zona glomerulosa at (b) – the Zona fasciculata at (c) – the large amounts of SER in the cytoplasm of cells in the glomerulosa and fasciculata make the pale staining This is a pic of the zona fasciculata – note the pale staing cytoplasm and the dark nuclei of (a) – note large amount of fatty acids make the cytoplasm pale – a sinusoid is seen at (b)

137. Pancreatic Islets Islets are composed of 4 cells types – islet cells (a) are pale staining – just know this is a picture of the pancreas composed of islets Islets comprise the light staining area of the pancreas

139. Trachea continued… Note the Mixed glands seen at (A), and the Hyaline cartilage at (B) Note here of the respiratory epithelium at the arrow

140. Trachea cont….

141. Respiratory Epithelium pix…

142. Bronchus Consists of respiratory epithelium at (A) – smooth muscle at (B) – Glands at (C) are surrounded by cartilage plate seen at (D)

143. The Lung The bronchi is seen at (A) while the pulmonary arteries and veins are seen at (B) A bronchiole is seen at (A) in which the mucosa is covered with ciliated low columnar epithelia – note the increase in smooth muscle as seen at the arrow and noticeably less cartilage

144. The Lung Continued… Terminal bronchioles are seen at (A) and are lined with cuboidal epithelium – Respiratory bronchioles are seen at (B) while the alveolar duct is seen at (C) Individual Alveoli is seen at (A) – lined by simple squamous epithelia – numerous capillaries (arrows) are seen here (A) Denotes the visceral pleura covering the lung – the septa seen at (B) forms lobules in the lung and is composed of simple squamous epithelia and fibrous conn tissue

145. The Lung… Macrophages seen in the alveoli (arrow) and in the interalveolar septa – note the black cytoplasm of engulfed material Good picture of an alveolar duct with its lumen being shown

146. Random Pix Bronchiole

147. Vocal Cords Larynx picture -- Elastic Cartilage at (A) – the false vocal fold at (E) and the true vocal fold at (F) – if the others come up, sue me

148. Vocal cords… True vocal fold at arrow covered with simple squamous epithelia – conn tissue at (A) and smooth muscle at (B) False vocal fold covered with respiratory epithelium at (A) – the duct has mucous (B) and Serous (C) components

150. Sclera…

152. Cornea Continued…

154. Conjunctiva… Conjunctiva  skin

156. Lens…

160. Ciliary body…

161. Iris This is a continuation of the ciliary process toward the pupil containing smooth muscle

164. Choroid… Pigmented Epithelium 

166. Optic Nerve Collection point for axons from the ganglion cells

169. Retina…  Rod  cone

173. Seminiferous Tubule… Note the arrow pointing to a spermatid within the seminiferous tubule Upper arrow is a spermatogonia while the bottom arrow is a primary spermatocyte

174. Seminiferous… Spermatocytes  spermatids  spermatozoa (in lumen)

177. Leydig cells…

179. Rete Testis…

181. Epididymis …

183. Ovary…

186. Primary oocyte  Primary oocyte

189. Graafian Follicle…

191. Corpus Albicans