1. National Monitoring of Water
and Sanitation in Uganda
How the Government of Uganda did it and
lessons for other countries
Eng. Disan Ssozi
Ministry of Water and Environment,
UGANDA
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 1
1

2. Presentation Outline
• Introduction
• Context
• Sector Institutional Framework
• Sector Coordination Framework
• Golden indicators
• Data sources, information flows and analysis
• Using the sector performance report
• Joint Sector Reviews
• Ten golden rules for sector performance
measurement
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 2

3. Introduction
Why focus on coordination and monitoring??
• increased emphasis on results (Milennium
Development Goals, regional and national
targets and objectives)
• Effectiveness and efficiency in the use of
resources (both domestic and donor
development assistance) – value for money
• Monitoring of sector activities helps in
strategic decision making, policy formulation
and planning (where to invest, how to develop
services, and which policies actually work)
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 3

4. Context- from Projects to
Programme
Sudan
Late 1980s: Multiple donor projects
Early 1990s: Consolidated donor specıfıc
programmes
2001: Sector Reforms lead to Sector-Wide DRC
Approach to Planning (SWAP) & Decentralised
Service Delivery to LGs
Keny
2004: Sector Preformance Measurement
Framework (11 key performance indicators)
2008: Joint Water and Sanitation Sector
Programme Support (JWSSPS)
112 Districts of Uganda
Future: Further harmonization and alignment
of donor support in accordance with the Paris Tanzania
Declaration
4/18/2013 4

5. SWAP Definition
• The SWAP is a mechanism whereby
Government, and Development Partners
support a single sub-sector policy,
development plan and programme, which is
under Government leadership and follows
common approaches.
4/18/2013 5

6. Institutional framework and roles for rural water supply and sanitation in Uganda
National Level
• Policy setting MOH MFPED MWE MoLG MoES MGLSD
• Regulation
• Monitoring
DWD/DWRM/DEA
• Overall planning & coordination
• Quality assurance and guidance
-
• Capacity development
District level
District Local
Local Private Sector
• Service Delivery Government
Contractors, Hampump Mechanics
• Support to Communities
GovernmenGovernment
t DWO Governmnt
X 112
Community level
Communities NGOs/ CBOs
• O&M

7. Uganda’s Sector Coordination
Framework
• Water Policy Committee (statutory body for policy advice
to the Hon. Minister)
• Water & Sanitation Sub-sector Working Group (for
discussion of policy/ key issues affecting sector
performance, now under the Water & Environment Sector
Working Group)
• Annual Joint Sector Reviews (JSRs) and Joint Technical
Reviews (JTRs) - multi-stakeholder fora
• District Water and Sanitation Coordination Committees
• Uganda Water and Sanitation Sector NGO Network
(UWASNET) – secretariat for umbrella organization for
coordination of approx. 150 member sector NGOs;
4/18/2013 7

8. Golden Indicators (part 1)
Theme Indicator
% of people within 1.5 km (rural) and 0.2km (urban) of an improved water source
Access
(in 2010, walking distance for rural areas was changed to 1km)
Functionality % of improved water sources that are functional at time of spot-check
Value for Money Average cost per beneficiary of new water and sanitation schemes
Access/Use
% of people with access to improved sanitation (household and schools)
(sanitation)
% of water samples taken at the point of water collection , waste discharge point
Quality
that comply with national standards
% increase in cumulative storage capacity availability of water for production
Quantity
[later changed to cumulative water for production storage capacity (m3)]
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 8

9. Golden Indicators (part 2)
Theme Indicator
Mean Parish deviation from the District average in persons per improved water point
Equity (for national purposes, mean sub-county difference from the national average in
persons per water point is reported)
Access/use
% of people with access and using hand-washing facilities
(hygiene)
% of water points with actively functioning Water and Sanitation Committees
Management
(rural/water for production) or boards (urban)
Gender % of Water User Committees/Water Boards with women holding a key position
Water
Resources % of water abstraction and discharge permit holders complying with permit
Management conditions (current data refers to permit validity only)
Compliance
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 9

10. Data Sources Information Flows and Analysis
Joint Sector Review
Small SPR
Secretariat
Sector Performance Report (SPR) (in Ministry
of Water and
Environment)
Water & Environment
‘Mini’ Sector Working Group
Performance Various National Data
Reports by Data (annually) Survey Reports (annually)
Sub-Sectors
Ministry of Water Technical Audits Ministry of Health Ministry of
and Environment Uganda Bureau
Education & Sports
Tracking Studies MIS of Statistics
MIS MIS
Annual
Report Quarterly & Annual Reports
Specific
UWASNET District Local Surveys
District Local
Government Government (District
(District Water Health Inspectorate)
Data
(annually) Office) School Inspections
Health Inspections
NGOs/CBOs
Community Visits
NGOs/CBOs Key
NGOs/CBOs
Communities Data Collection
Schools
Reporting
ABC
Community Visits
MIS Management Information System
Government Institution
Non-Government Institution
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 10
Coordination Body

11. Data Analysis for the Golden Indicators
The golden indicators provide a
focus for further analysis on issues
and challenges. They are a means to
an end rather than an end in itself.
DWD-MIS 100% Functionality
100
Percentage of the Rural Population with Access
UNHS
90 UDHS
District Situation Analysis 100% Functionality
80
UNSDS
In Uganda, considerable work has
to an Improved Water Source
70
60 been undertaken between the
50
national statistics bureau and the
40
30
ministry of water to ensure that the
20 same definitions of an improved
10
water supply are used.
0
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 11

12. Sector Performance Report (SPR) and its use
• Basis for discussions in the Joint Sector
Reviews
– Key achievements using the key
indicators
– Emerging challenges/issues
• Decision-making
– Signed (Agreed) minutes with 7-10
undertakings/actions
– Sector budget priorities
– Resource allocation within the sector
and to the district local goverments
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 12

13. Use of the annual SPR and JSR
Percentage of Operating Costs Funded by Revenue for
Ugandan Water Authorities in 2008/9
In Uganda, a comprehensive Kumi
Ibanda
Semuto
Bundibugyo
overview of water supply and
Busembatia
Kabwohe-…
Kisoro
Rukungiri
Buwenge
Sironko
sanitation developments and Budadiri
Moyo
Lyantonde
Kigumba
Lukaya
challenges is available in the Nagongera
Busia
Wobulenzi
Kalisizo
Pakele
annual SPRs. Aduku
Apac
Nebbi
Bukomansimbi
Kayunga
Mityana
Corrective and/or new actions Adjumani
Kalungu
Nakasongola
Luwero
Ciforo
to improve service delivery
Ngora
Kangulumira
Mpigi
Kitgum
Pallisa
Kyenjojo
Sector performance
Bugiri
Bombo
Rakai
Kotido
Kihihi
Budaka
measurement is fully linked to Sembabule
Mbirizi
Busolwe
Dokolo
Pakwach
the planning and budgeting Yumbe
Kapchorwa
Kyotera
Nkokonjeru
Kiboga
100% Funded by Revenue
process.
Katakwi
Nakawuka
Laropi
Kachumbala
Kyazanga
Kibibi
Kalangala
Kakiri
Kasambya
Kinoni
Kamuli
Serere
Amolatar
Katwe-kabatoro
Migeera
0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250% 300% 350%
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 13

14. Milestones
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 14

15. Key Challenges
• Too many district local govts (112 in total)
• Coordination of all sector players not
readily accepted by all (initially)!
• Data reliability & verification
• Prioritisation of monitoring by all sector
actors
• Too transparent????
• Wider distribution
4/18/2013 15

16. Some Guidelines for county-wide performance
monitoring based on Uganda‘s experience
1. Cover the whole service 5. Compare data sets – sector
delivery chain. statistics with national
2. Integrate monitoring surveys for validation
within existing national purposes
structures/processes 6. Define institutional
responsibilities and data
3. Keep it simple (Indicators
sources
matter, but are a means to
7. Assign individual
an end, NOT an end by
responsibilities
themselves)
8. Assess and gradually build
4. Use both qualitative and capacity
quantitative indicators 9. Disseminate reports widely
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 16

17. Other considerations!
• Agreement on basic definitions and SMART
indicators
• Overall leadership by the government is key
• 1st sector performance report indicates the
baseline for most indicators, while the
subsequent reports indicate annual progress
and trends
• Sector monitoring process gradually adjusted
based on previous experiences
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 17

18. Closing message
Global and/or regional monitoring is complementary
but cannot be a substitute
for national monitoring
Thanks!
All Uganda annual water Sector Performance
Reports and agreed minutes for the joint sector
reviews and lots of other documents are
available on: www.mwe.go.ug
4/18/2013 MWE - Uganda 18