[RELO] American Culture Series: Black History Month
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Cultural Affairs Officer Melissa Schumi Jones and English Language Fellow Ryan Brux talk about Black History Month and Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have A Dream" speech.
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[RELO] American Culture Series: Black History Month
- 1. American Culture Webinars For English Language Teachers Brought to you by : U.S. Embassy Lima’s Public Affairs Section
- 2. WELCOME! Our goal: to provide info on U.S. culture AND to help you create an effective plan to use in your classroom. Please ask questions! That’s why we’re here.
- 3. First Question: Do you know who this man is? If you know who he is, what do you think he is thinking about?
- 4. Martin Luther King Jr. January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968
- 5. Second question: What is Black History Month?
- 6. • BHM is about honoring the achievements of African-Americans and celebrating their influence on American society • Recognized formally by the U.S. government in 1976 during the bicentennial
- 7. Life of Dr. King American Civil Rights leader, born in Atlanta, Georgia – January 15, 1929. Became a pastor at age 25 in Montgomery, Alabama. Dr. King espoused “non- violence” as a means to achieve social change.
- 8. Life of Dr. King In 1963, MLK was arrested in Birmingham. His famous “Letter from a Birmingham jail” was written there. Notable campaigns took place across the south, Georgia, Alabama, Florida.
- 9. March on Washington August 28,“I Have a 1963 Dream” • What is the message to students:
- 10. “I Have a Dream” Speech considered one of the best in American history Dr. King presented vision for a United States no longer divided by race, where people are judged “not by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.”
- 11. Life of Dr. King Civil Rights Act of 1964 passed. Dr. King is at President Johnson’s side for the signing. In October 1964, Dr. King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 12. Life and Death of Dr. King
- 13. Plan your Lesson Plan 1) What are your topics? 2) What kind of questions/conversations starters will you ask? 3) What new vocabulary do you need? 4) What activities can you do with your students?
- 15. Definitions Leader – (n.) A person who rules, guides, or inspires others; head. Dream – (v.) to see or imagine in sleep or in a vision; (n.) succession of images, thoughts, or emotions passing through the mind during sleep Rights – (n.) a moral, ethical, or legal principle considered as an underlying cause of truth, justice, morality, or ethics Speech – (n.) form of communication in spoken language, made by a speaker before an audience for a given purpose Equal – (adj.) having the same value, measure, or amount as something else History – (n.) record of past events and times, especially in connection with the human race Freedom – (n.) state of being free or at liberty rather than in confinement or under physical restraint
- 17. Definitions “I Have a Dream” –phrase from the most celebrated speech by Martin Luther King, Jr., delivered at the March on Washington in 1963 to supporters of the civil rights movement. King stressed the importance of nonviolent resistance and vividly painted his vision of a better future for people of all colors in the United States. Civil rights – rights to personal liberty established by the 13th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. constitution and certain Congressional acts, especially as applied to an individual or a minority group. (Dictionary.com) Equality – (n.) state or quality of being equal; correspondence in quantity, degree, value, rank, or ability. Segregation – (n.) separation or isolation of a race, class, or group (as by restriction to an area or by separate schools)
- 18. Definitions Separate but Equal – A legal doctrine in United States Constitutional law that justified systems of segregation; term for a racial policy by which blacks may be segregated if granted equal opportunities and facilities, as for education, transportation, or jobs. The phrase was derived from a Louisiana law of 1890. Non-violence – (n.) policy, practice, or technique of refraining from the use of violence, especially when reacting to or protesting against oppression, injustice, or discrimination. Boycott – (v.) To refuse to buy, use, or go to, in order to make a protest or bring about a change. (also can be n.)
- 20. Discussion Questions • What are civil rights? How does a country protect a citizen’s civil rights? • What do you think about racial inequality? Does it exist in your country? • Does your country have leaders like Martin Luther King? • What is the meaning of the phrase, “I Have a Dream?” • What is your dream for your country? What Other Questions Do You Have?
- 21. Activities 1) MLK Interactive Timeline • Using the picture timeline, go through the events of MLK’s life. Address any comprehension issues. Point out Vocabulary, • Break students into groups. With a timeline set for each group, have students write out the key idea for each event. Have students put events in order. • When all groups have finished, choose students to orally tell each event.
- 22. Timeline Activity Step 1 – Teach the story in the classroom using the timeline pictures
- 23. Timeline Activity Step 2 – Print out slides and have students write/discuss what each slide shows
- 24. Timeline Activity Step 3 – Put the events in order, Students describe the events
- 25. Activities 2) “I Have a Dream” (see pictures) • Watch a short clip from MLK’s “I Have a Dream” speech. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MgYzJGmBXU8 • Discuss some examples of dreams (i.e. to own one’s own business) • Distribute Dove Template. http://www.activityvillage.co.uk/dove_template.htm Have students reflect and write down their personal dream. Post around the room. • Have students participate in a gallery walk, in which they walk around the room and read each other’s dreams
- 26. Dove Activity Step 1 – Cut out dove template and write dreams in English Step 2 – Hang doves on clothesline or wall in classroom Step 3 – Take a gallery walk and visit each dove, talk with students about messages
- 27. Resources American English webpage – americanenglish.state.gov RELO Andes webpage – reloandes.com (link to this presentation found here!) Larry Ferlazzo’s List of Best Websites – Best websites to teach about Black History – Best websites about teach about Martin Luther King
- 28. Level Topic/Theme Upper-Beginner American Culture: Black History Month and Martin Luther King, Jr. American Culture Themes : Black History Month and Martin Vocabulary Luther King Jr. Civil Rights Black History Month is celebrated every year in February. It Martin Luther King, Jr. is an opportunity to celebrate the contributions to American Non-violence society by African-Americans. Freedom Martin Luther King, Jr. was an important civil rights leader Equality (opposite: Inequality) who believed in non-violence His “I Have a Dream” speech Dream during the March on Washington in August 1963 inspired the Segregation whole country and is considered one of the best speeches in Boycott American history. “I Have a Dream” Equality for all citizens is an American value. The United African-American States, and any country that shares this value, must continue to work toward this goal. Questions/Conversation Starters What are civil rights? How does a country protect a citizen’s civil rights? What do you think about racial inequality? Does it exist in your country? Does your country have leaders like Martin Luther King? Why is it important to talk about civil rights? What is the meaning of the phrase, “I Have a Dream?” What is your dream for your country? Suggested Extension Activity Materials/Notes MLK Interactive Timeline + “I Have a Dream” (see pictures) PPT presentation From the timeline, go through the events of MLK’s life. Address any comprehension issues. Sets of blank timeline events – 1 Break students into groups. With a timeline set for each group have students write out the key set/group idea for each event. Have students put events in order. Rope/clothespins (for hanging Watch a short clip from MLK’s “I Have a Dream” speech. Discuss some examples of dreams (i.e. timelines/doves) or tape to own one’s own business) Pencils/Pens Distribute Dove Template. Have students reflect and write down their personal dream. Post around the room. Have students participate in a gallery walk, in which they walk around the room and read each other’s dreams
- 29. QUESTIONS? Remember: You can check out this presentation and the corresponding resources on the RELO Andes blog - reloandes.com
Notas do Editor
- Photo copyright CORBIS Images.
- Black History Month had its beginnings in 1926 in the United States, when historian Carter G. Woodson and the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History announced the second week of February to be "Negro History Week". This week was chosen because it marked the birthday of both Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass.[1] Woodson created the holiday with the hope that it eventually be eliminated when black history became fundamental to American history.In 1976, during the bicentennial, the expansion of Negro History Week to Black History Month was recognized by the U.S. government. Gerald Ford spoke in regards to this, urging Americans to "seize the opportunity to honor the too-often neglected accomplishments of black Americans in every area of endeavor throughout our history."[6]
- MLK is an American civil rights leaderBorn in Atlanta, Georgia on January 15, 1929Very good student, started college at age 15Studied theology and became a preacher, eventually earned a Ph.D.In 1954, at age 25, MLK became pastor of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama
- Was a leader of the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955, which led to the end of racial segregation in buses in the city – MLK’s house was bombed and he was arrested during the boycottMLK and colleagues founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) The SCLC promoted non-violence as a means to achieve social change, through peaceful protests, marches, and sit-ins.
- March on Washington for Jobs and FreedomQuarter of a million people in attendance.“His dramatic 1963 "I Have a Dream" speech before the Lincoln Memorial cemented his place as first among equals in civil rights leadership; from this first televised mass meeting, an American audience saw and heard the unedited oratory of America's finest preacher, and for the first time, a mass white audience heard the undeniable justice of black demands.” Julian Bond, Seattle Times
- Excerpt from Speech:“And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today!I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of "interposition" and "nullification" -- one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.I have a dream today!”
- Civil Rights Act of 1964 passed. Dr. King is at President Johnson’s side for the signing.In October 1964, Dr. King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his commitment to using non-violence in the fight for racial equality.Movement continued in the South and also Northern states; the movement tackled head on issues of economic marginalization, discrimination in housing, many other issues.
- In the years following the passage of the Civil Rights movement, Dr. King became increasingly vocal about his opposition to the War in Vietnam. One of his main criticisms was that the war cost the United States money that the country should have spent on domestic issues – like fighting poverty. This anti-war stance put him at odds with President Johnson, and other white leaders. MLK’s vision was not just about small reforms, but a real transformation of society.MLK’s life and work were cut short on April 4, 1968, when he was only 39 years old. He traveled to Memphis, TN to support a local union of black workers who were on strike. He was shot in the evening, while standing outside his hotel room in Memphis. Riots erupted across the country. The President declared April 7 a day of national mourning. The Legacy of Dr. King lives on, in many different ways. It is important to remember him for his role in the Civil Rights Movement, as an organizer, as a leader, as a thinker, and to remember his broader vision for social justice did not stop at the passage of the Civil Rights Bill.
- Leader – (n.) A person who rules, guides, or inspires others; head. Dream – (v.) to see or imagine in sleep or in a vision; (n.) succession of images, thoughts, or emotions passing through the mind during sleepRights – (n.) a moral, ethical, or legal principle considered as an underlying cause of truth, justice, morality, or ethics Speech – (n.) form of communication in spoken language, made by a speaker before an audience for a given purpose Equal – (adj.) having the same value, measure, or amount as something else History – (n.) record of past events and times, especially in connection with the human race Freedom – (n.)state of being free or at liberty rather than in confinement or under physical restraint
- Leader – (n.) A person who rules, guides, or inspires others; head. Dream – (v.) to see or imagine in sleep or in a vision; (n.) succession of images, thoughts, or emotions passing through the mind during sleepRights – (n.) a moral, ethical, or legal principle considered as an underlying cause of truth, justice, morality, or ethics Speech – (n.) form of communication in spoken language, made by a speaker before an audience for a given purpose Equal – (adj.) having the same value, measure, or amount as something else History – (n.) record of past events and times, especially in connection with the human race Freedom – (n.)state of being free or at liberty rather than in confinement or under physical restraint
- “I Have a Dream” –phrase from the most celebrated speech by Martin Luther King, Jr., delivered at the March on Washington in 1963 to supporters of the civil rights movement. King stressed the importance of nonviolent resistance and vividly painted his vision of a better future for people of all colors in the United States. Civil rights – rights to personal liberty established by the 13th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. constitution and certain Congressional acts, especially as applied to an individual or a minority group. (Dictionary.com) Equality – (n.) state or quality of being equal; correspondence in quantity, degree, value, rank, or ability.Segregation – (n.) separation or isolation of a race, class, or group (as by restriction to an area or by separate schools) Separate but Equal – A legal doctrine in United States Constitutional law that justified systems of segregation; term for a racial policy by which blacks may be segregated if granted equal opportunities and facilities, as for education, transportation, or jobs. The phrase was derived from a Louisiana law of 1890. Non-violence – (n.) policy, practice, or technique of refraining from the use of violence, especially when reacting to or protesting against oppression, injustice, or discrimination. Boycott – (v.) To refuse to buy, use, or go to, in order to make a protest or bring about a change. (also can be n.)
- What are civil rights? How does a country protect a citizen’s civil rights?What do you think about racial inequality? Does it exist in your country?Does your country have leaders like Martin Luther King?Why is it important to talk about What is the meaning of the phrase, “I Have a Dream?”What is your dream for your country?
- It would be great if we could somehow create a link to the PPT presentations and the dove template.
- It would be great if we could somehow create a link to the PPT presentations and the dove template.
- Photos of Dr. King include from copyrighted CORBIS images and from National Archives.Other photos of Activities take by English Language Fellow Ryan Brux.