Desktop virtualization primer one size does not fit all

Primer: Virtual Desktop Delivery-
Desktop and Application
One Size Does Not Fit All
Virtualization
Barb Goldworm
President and Chief Analyst

Barb Goldworm
• President & chief analyst, FOCUS (www.focusonsystems.com), an analyst
firm focused on systems, storage & next generation data centers
• Barb has 30 years experience in systems and storage with IBM, StorageTek,
Novell, Enterprise Management Associates, multiple successful startups
• Expert Columnist since 1990s – NetworkWorld, ComputerWorld SNWOnline,
TechTarget SearchServerVirtualization, SearchVMware, Virtual DataCenter
Virtual-Strategy Magazine, Business Trends Quarterly
• Author: 100s of research reports, white papers, columns, book
Blade Servers & Virtualization
• Conference Keynote Speaker/Chair/Advisory Board:
Chair/Advisor: Interop Virtualization, DataCenter Insights, CloudConnect…
Judge: Best of VMworld, Product of the Year
Keynote speaker: Tech Target Storage Decisions, Avnet Road To Virtualization
Tour, VirtualPath University, StoragePath University…
© 2010 FOCUS - www.focusonsystems.com

2

Virtualization Adoption
In production > 24
Storage months
Virtualization In production 12-24
months
In production 6-12
Application months
Virtualization
In production < 6
months

Desktop Planning to impl < 6
months
Virtualization
Planning to impl 6-12
mo
Server Planning to
Virtualization implement > 12 mo
No plans
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Source: FOCUS Research Series – Managing the Virtual Environment

3

Top 3 Priorities for Next Virtualization Efforts
Expand server virt. to > servers and apps
Implement desktop virtualization
Impl performance management
Impl server virtualization
Impl storage management
Impl capacity management
Impl security management
Impl VM lifecycle management
Impl storage virtualization
Impl data protection capabilities
Expand desktop virt. to > groups/desktops
Impl application virtualization
Impl fault mgmt & root cause analysis
Expand applications being virtualized
Implement networked storage
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Source: FOCUS Research Series – Managing the Virtual Environment

© 2010 FOCUS - www.focusonsystems.com © 2009 FOCUS - www.focusonsystems.com

4

Defining Desktop and
Application Virtualization
• Desktops
– Server Hosted
• Server-Based Computing – shared published desktops/apps
• Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) – server hosted virtual
desktops (VMs)
– Client Hosted
• Locally managed virtual desktops (VMs)
• Centrally managed virtual desktops (VMs)
• Applications
– Application virtualization - isolation/sandboxing
– Application streaming for local execution
© 2010 FOCUS - www.focusonsystems.com 5

XenApp/Terminal Services Sessions
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure Multi-User Architecture
User Access Devices
PC
Virtual Desktops (VMs)

App 1 App 2 PC App 1 App 2

Guest OS
App 1 App 2

App 1 App 2

Guest OS Thin Client Thin Client App 1 App 2

App 1 App 2

App 1 App 2

Guest OS
Laptop Laptop
Hypervisor Windows (TS)
Server Server Hosted Server
PC or Workstation Client Hosted Contractor/
Blades Multi-OS or DeveloperDesktop Work from Home
Desktop

Vista XP Secured/Managed
Virtual Desktop
Mac OS
Unmanaged
Win 7 Linux Personal/Contractor
Desktop
Microsoft Virtual PC, Windows Virtual PC
Parallels Desktop, Oracle VirtualBox MED-V (Kidaro),
ClearCube, HP, IBM, Verari VMware WorkStation, Player, Fusion, VMware ACE,
© 2010 FOCUS - www.focusonsystems.com VMware CVP, Xen client RingCube vDesk

Business Drivers -- IT issues
• Desktop and application support/management has plagued IT since
corporate adoption of PCs
• Desktop operating costs are high
– Refresh cycles raise cost/benefit questions -- frequency of desktop HW
upgrades versus thin client
– Upgrading Win 7 vs. shift to thin client/virtual desktops
• Security issues on the rise -- risk of information theft
• Environmental issues of distributed desktops vs. centralized
• Mergers and acquisitions/New employees
• Initial VDI success where security and compliance were key and not
just cost


Business Drivers:
Changing User Needs
• Increase in remote user scenarios
– Remote workers
– Contract workers
– Work from home scenarios
• Changing “desktop”
– Laptops, smartphones, netbooks, BYOC
– Move to Windows 7
• Broad range of user types and requirements
– Power Users
– Knowledge Workers
– Task Users
– Mobile Users
• Survey users to assess requirements

Technical Drivers
• Server virtualization adoption (products, people, process)
• Server, network improvements - reliability/bandwidth
• Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) improvements
• Application streaming and virtualization
• Personalization improvements
• Client hypervisors & Mobile platforms
• Graphics protocols improvements (PCoIP, HDX, RDP 7)
• Offline check in/check out
• Windows 7 Installation

Windows 7 Migration
• Most companies skipped Vista
• XP support ending
• Win 7 requires more memory and faster
processors
• Installation not upgrade
• Sever the connection between hardware refresh
and OS upgrade through virtualization
abstraction

Why (Re-)Evaluate
Desktop Strategies?
• Centralized desktops can reduce desktop
management/support operating costs and
improve user satisfaction
– Provision/update from shared OS and app images
– Eliminate application interaction support
problems
– Minimize/eliminate SW on physical desktops
– Backup user data

Why (Re-)Evaluate
Desktop Strategies?
• Extend lifespan of current desktop hardware
• Provide desktop and application access from
anywhere
• Increase security of desktop data and
applications
• Improve compliance management
• Increase desktop reliability, availability,
serviceability
• Windows 7 will require touching every desktop

Desktop Virtualization
• Bottom line benefits
– Improve mgmt and support – reduce OpEx
– Improve security
– Get user data backed up
– Extend desktop hardware lifespan
– Increase reliability, availability, serviceability


Desktop Virtualization Barriers
• Previous barriers to broad implementation
have been/are being eliminated
– Storage issues (image management)
– User experience/interface (e.g. graphics)
– Personalization – layering user info on top of
virtual desktops and virtual applications
– Mobile/offline user issues
– Licensing/cost issues

Virtualization Layers

Before After
Personalization

User Profile Applications
Applications
Operating System Operating System
Hardware HW Virtualization
Hardware

Virtualization Architectures
VM 1 VM 2 Virtual Virtual
Environment Environment

Virtualization layer
Virtual Virtual
Environment Environment
VM 1 VM 2 VM 3 VM 4
Host OS
OS Virtualization Layer

Virtualization layer Host OS

Hardware Hardware Hardware
Hosted Virtualization Bare-Metal Hypervisor OS Virtualization
Virtualization
• Solaris Containers
• VMware Server, • VMware ESX, ESXi • Parallels Virtuozzo
Player, Workstation • Citrix XenServer
• MS Virtual Server, • MS Hyper-V
Virtual PC • Client Hypervisor
(VMware & Citrix) © 2010 FOCUS - www.focusonsystems.com 16

Virtual Desktop Architecture Multi-User Architecture
User Access Devices
PC


Guest OS
App 1 App 2

App 1 App 2


App 1 App 2

App 1 App 2

Guest OS
Laptop Laptop
Desktop

Virtual Desktop
Mac OS
Unmanaged
Desktop
Microsoft Virtual PC,
Parallels Desktop, MS EDV (Kidaro),
ClearCube, HP, IBM, Verari VMware WorkStation, Player, Fusion VMware ACE,
VMware CVP, Xen client RingCube vDesk

App Manage!
App
App

Provision Apps
App
Delivery Protocol

App
App

App
App
App

App
App

App
App

App

App

App
App

XenApp/
XenApp/
Terminal Services
XenApp/
Terminal Services
Terminal Services
Operating System
Operating System
Operating System
Server
Server
Server Connection
Manager
Server Infrastructure
Connection User Access
Management/Security Device(s)
18

Server Based Computing/
Presentation Virtualization
• Virtualizes the Presentation Layer
• Delivery Protocol – RDP, ICA, HDX, EnhancedRDP
• Connection Manager – Session Manager, Dynamic/Static
• Highly controlled environment
• Corporate applications
• Task workers (e.g. call centers)
• No user customization
• Highest ratio of users/server
19

User Access Device Choices
• Existing Desktops/Workstations/Laptops
– Use current desktops as dumb terminal
– No upfront CapEx investment
• Thin Clients
• Zero Clients
• PDAs and Smart Phones
• Future Mobile Devices?

Thin/Zero Client Computing
• Thin client computing Model
– “dumb terminal” legacy
– Application on server
– UI on client device
– Thin/Zero client device
– Thick/Fat client
• Benefits
– Minimal-to-no SW updates
– Longevity
– Reduced support
– Less vulnerable
– Green - Reduced power/cooling
– CapEx, OpEx 21

Virtual Desktop Infrastructure Multi-User Architecture
User Access Devices
PC


Guest OS
App 1 App 2

App 1 App 2


App 1 App 2

App 1 App 2

Guest OS
Laptop Laptop
Desktop

Virtual Desktop
Mac OS
Unmanaged
Desktop
Microsoft Virtual PC,
Parallels Desktop, MS EDV (Kidaro),
ClearCube, HP, IBM, Verari VMware WorkStation, Player, Fusion VMware ACE,
VMware CVP, Xen client RingCube vDesk

Manage!
Server-hosted/Centralized Desktop

OS OS OS Provision OS and Apps

App
App
App

App
Delivery Protocol
App
App App

App

App
App
App
App
App
App

App
App
App

App
App
App
App
App
App

App
App
App

App
App
App
App
App

OS OS OS
OS OS OS
OS OS OS
Virtual
Virtual Machine
Virtual
Infrastructure
Infrastructure
Infrastructure
Hardware
Connection
Hardware Manager

Virtual Infrastructure Connection User Access
Management/Security Device(s)
23

Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)
• Server-hosted, desktop virtualization
• Each user connects to VM from Thin or Rich Client
• VMs can be customized, user has more control than
published apps
• Dedicated or pooled, persistent/non-persistent
• Connection broker/manager handles connecting user
to VM (Published Apps, Workstation/PC Blade)
• Integrates with AD, LDAP
• Licensing options -- MS VECD

24

Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)
• Leverages server virtualization software
and management/automation tools
• However, managing desktops are different
than managing servers!

25

Personalization:
User Virtualization
• Separate user space from the OS
• Traditional profile settings
• Personalized settings
• Applications
• Printing settings
• Context information
• Central management
• Dynamic composition

Personalization and User
Environment Management
• Enables users to access their files and
customized settings from any approved device
– VMware (RTO Virtual Profiles)
– Citrix (Sepago)
– AppSense Environment Manager
– Liquidware ProfileUnity
– Microsoft Windows and Win 7

27

Virtual Desktop Considerations
• User experience
• Provisioning
– Templates, pools, persistence
– Separate OS, apps, profiles, data
• Storage and image management
– PC Storage to central SAN storage
– Central image management
• Golden images, linked clones, OS Streaming
– Duplication and deduplication
• Offline usage
– Offline VDI, App Streaming


Hidden Costs
• Cheap PC storage to expensive SAN storage
• Lots of duplicate storage (OS images, apps, data)
• Server and storage hardware on back-end
• Space in data center
• Possible network upgrade
• Move to thin client – now vs later

29

Adoption in 2010 is about
Overcoming historical barriers
• Barriers being eliminated
– Storage issues (image management)
– User experience – interface (e.g. graphics)
– Personalization – layered on top of virtual
desktops and virtual applications
– Mobile users
– Licensing & pricing (Desktop OS and Apps)


MS VDI Licensing changes
• No separate license to access a VDI Windows
desktop for Software Assurance customers
(Virtual Desktop Access (VDA) rights included)
• Non-SA customers – VDA now $100 per device
per year (VECD was $110)
• VDA users can access their VDI Windows
desktop and MS Office apps on secondary,
non-corporate network devices, such as home
PCs and kiosks
• Replaces VECD
• Effective July 1, 2010

Server Hosted DV
The Big Three
• VMware: View 4 on ESX VI3, vSphere, View
Composer, View Manager, RDP, PCoIP, ThinApp
• Citrix: XenDesktop 4 on XenServer, (or ESX or
Hyper-V), Desktop Provisioning, ICA, HDX,
FlexCast – XenDesktop includes XenApp
• Microsoft: VDI Suites on Hyper-V, Windows
Server 2008 R2 Remote Desktop Services, RDP 7,
Windows 7, App-V, M-EDV, RemoteFX(future)

Multi-OS or Developer/Tester
Desktop
– User has full admin capabilities
– Can leverage golden image for easy
provisioning
– Vendors
• VMware Workstation, Player, MS Virtual PC
• Future VMware CVP & Citrix XenClient
• VMware Fusion, Parallels Desktop
• Virtual Computer

34

April 10 34

Managed PC hosted
– Virtualization of the PC desktop, setup/managed centrally
– Work-at-home, contractor, training lab
– Highly controlled one-to-many
• Data encryption

• Desktop lockout – timed/instantaneous

• Local device access

• Connections

• Applications

– VMware ACE, Moka5, RingCube, MS Kidaro, Virtual Computer

35

April 10 35

Client-Hosted
Desktop Virtualization
Hosted Virtualization (Type 2) Bare-Metal (Type 1) Hypervisor
• VMware Workstation • Neocleus
• Virtual PC • Virtual Computer
• Windows Virtual PC • XenClient
(Win 7 XP Mode) • VMware CVP

Guest Operating
System
Virtualization
Layer
Guest Operating Guest Operating
System System
Native Desktop Operating System
Virtualization Layer

Hardware
© 2010 FOCUS - www.focusonsystems.com Hardware 36

Manage!
PC/Workstation Blade -Centralized Desktop

OS OS OS Provision OS and Apps

App
App
App

App
Delivery Protocol
App

App

App
App

App

App
App
App

App

OS
OS
OS
PC Blade
PC Blade
PC Blade Connection
Manager
PC/workstation Blade User Access
Infrastructure Connection Device(s)
Management/Security

© 2010 FOCUS - www.focusonsystems.com © 2009 FOCUS - www.focusonsystems.com 38

PC and Workstation Blades
• Full PC/workstation in centrally located
chassis
• Usually one-to-one – not virtualized
• Use cases
– Graphics/heavy compute power-user
• CAD/CAE
• Trading floor

39

39

PC/Workstation Blades
• HP
– Early, first big player -- PC and Workstation blades, HP
and Neoware clients
– RGS graphics compression (SW)
• Clearcube
– Early leader in PC blades
– Trading floor, Hospital operating rooms, ERs
– Graphics compression (Teradici), quad monitors and
user ports
• IBM
– Workstation blade, DevonIT client
– Graphics compression (Teradici)
40

April 10 40


Native Installed
Applications

Virtualization Virtualization Virtualization
Sandbox Sandbox Sandbox

Desktop Operating System

41

Applications are Tilt the panes and
placed in layers within the applications
Microsoft Windows, appear to the user
like panes of glass, each as expected
with their own “Registry”

Virtual
Application
Sandboxes

Native OS + Applications

42

Application Virtualization and Streaming
Data Center Executes on User Devices

APP
APP

APP
APP

APP
APP

APP
APP
Red
XP Vista Hat
Solaris
Adobe
Reader
VM VM VM VM
Desktop Virtualization SW
Desktop OS
Visio

1 to Many Local Desktop Virtualization

MS
Office
2003
MS MS
Adobe
Office Office Visio
Reader
2007 2003
Application Packaging/
Sequencing Server MS IE
Office Application Virtualization
2007

Desktop OS
Web or Streaming Server
Application Virtualization 43

App Virt Players
• VMware ThinApp (Thinstall)
• Microsoft App-V (SoftGrid)
• Citrix XenApp
• Symantec (SVS and AppStream)
• InstallFree
• Xenocode Virtual Application Studio


Use Cases And Technologies
Multi-user Virtual Desktop Smart
Server-hosted Server-based Infrastructure Phone
Delivery Computing

Application Virtualization and Streaming

Managed
PC and
Managed Client-hosted
Workstation
Client-hosted) Blades
Client-hosted
Delivery
Client-hosted
Virtual Desktop

Task Users Knowledge Workers Power Users Mobile Users 45

Use Cases, Technologies, and Vendor Solutions
VMware View,
Citrix XenDesktop, Citrix
Server-based MS Terminal MS VDI Suite, Receiver,
Delivery Services, RedHat Enterprise VMware
Citrix XenApp Desktop (KVM), MVP
Sun VDI/SGD

MS App-V,
Citrix XenApp , Symantec SVS,
InstallFree
MS EDV,
IBM, HP,
MS EDV, ClearCube,
VMware ACE,
VMware ACE, RingCube
Client-based Teradici,
RingCube Verari
Delivery VMware Workstation,
Player & Fusion,
Parallels Desktop, MS
Virtual PC, VMware CVP,
Citrix XenClient
Task Users Knowledge Power Users Mobile Users
Workers 46

Conclusions: Future Directions
• Market
– Inflection point for Desktop Virtualization – 2010
– Most barriers now eliminated
– Increased focus on security and compliance
– Increased focus on management issues
– Licensing issues slow to change
– Pricing changes continuing


Conclusions:
• Technology Summary
– Overall management tools improving
– Provisioning improvements
– Storage improvements
– Offline improvements in progress
– Client Hypervisors in progress
– Mobile Platforms 2010/2011
– Increasing separation of desktop, OS, app, user data
– App Stores modeled after iTunes
– Shift from device management to user/services mgmt

Conclusions: Evaluate the Landscape
• Citrix has been leader in understanding
apps/desktops. XenDesktop XenApp crosses the
most use cases.
Strengths: flexibility, bandwidth, application & networking
• VMware has been leader in server virtualization
and managing the VMware infrastructure
Strengths: density, simplicity, server virt mgmt tools
• Microsoft has been leader in desktop and server
operating systems and applications
Strengths: cost, desktop & integration and mgmt

Recommendations
• Examine all your use case requirements
• Consider but don’t limit to your existing virtualization
vendors/solutions
• Don’t just treat desktops like servers
• Evaluate both user experience and IT impacts
• Consider storage and networking issues as key parts of
decision
• Build cross-functional teams (server, desktop, storage,
networking)
• Consider major vendors and startups
• Don’t be afraid of mix and match solutions
• One size does NOT fit all

Resources
• FOCUS Website:
http://www.focusonsystems.com/research/
• FOCUS Research Reports, Vendor Briefs, Profiles & events
New
– FOCUS Research Series: Managing the Virtual Infrastructure
– FOCUS Research Series: Desktop & Application Delivery
– White Papers, Solution Profiles, Briefs
– Road2Virtualization events, Road2Information Optimization
– Interop Virtualization Workshops and Track Sessions
• FOCUS Columns, Webcasts, Podcasts:
– Information Week, TechTarget, Business Trends Quarterly,
Virtual Strategy Magazine
• Book: Blade Servers and Virtualization
• Email: barbgoldworm@focusonsystems.com

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Desktop virtualization primer one size does not fit all

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