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FOSS@NCCP
What we can learn in this presentation


               - Understand what is FOSS
What we can learn in this presentation

               - Understand what is FOSS
               - What is LINUX and UBUNTU
What we can learn in this presentation

               - Understand what is FOSS
               - What is LINUX and UBUNTU
               - How to install UBUNTU
What we can learn in this presentation

               - Understand what is FOSS
               - What is LINUX and UBUNTU
               - How to install UBUNTU
               - How to use UBUNTU
FREE AND OPEN
SOURCE SOFTWARE
FREE not
as in Free Beer
FREE
as in Free Speech
FOSS IS ALL ABOUT FREEDOM
THE Four (4) FREEDOM
Freedom 0
   Freedom to run the program
Freedom 1
             Freedom to study how the
             program works, and adapt it
             to your needs
(Access to the source code is a precondition for this).
Freedom 2
   Freedom to redistribute so
   you can help your neighbor.
Freedom 3
             Freedom to improve the
             program, and release your
             improvements to the public,
             so that the whole community
(Access to the source code is a precondition for this).
The World
    of
  Linux
HISTORY
17 Years of existence



    17
17 years of existence




        17
Changing the world
Operating System
    (Kernel)
Minix (Andrew Tanenbaum)
Minix (Andrew Tanenbaum)
Unix (early 1970s)
Linus Torvalds
(University of Helsinki from 1988 to
1996)
**Freax**
Richard Stallman
Massachusetts Institute of
Technology
Free Software Foundation
Hurd
BENEFITS



- Fewer Crashes
BENEFITS



- Fewer Crashes
- Security
BENEFITS

- Fewer Crashes
- Security
- Free and Sharable, https://shipit.ubuntu.com
BENEFITS
- Fewer Crashes
- Security
- Free and Sharable, https://shipit.ubuntu.com
- Linux is about freedom, rather than
restrictions.
BENEFITS
- Fewer Crashes
- Security
- Free and Sharable, https://shipit.ubuntu.com
- Linux is about freedom, rather than
restrictions.
- Community
VS WINDOWS


- United States Computer Emergency
Readiness Team (www.us-cert.gov) reported
812 security vulnerabilities for Microsoft
Windows during 2005.
VS WINDOWS

- United States Computer Emergency
Readiness Team (www.us-cert.gov) reported
812 security vulnerabilities for Microsoft
Windows during 2005.

- 15 vulnerability per week 2005
VS WINDOWS
- United States Computer Emergency
Readiness Team (www.us-cert.gov) reported
812 security vulnerabilities for Microsoft
Windows during 2005.

- 15 vulnerability per week 2005

- Sophos (www.sophos.com) advertised that
its Windows antivirus program defended
against over 103,000 viruses!
VS WINDOWS
- United States Computer Emergency
Readiness Team (www.us-cert.gov) reported
812 security vulnerabilities for Microsoft
Windows during 2005.
- 15 vulnerability per week 2005
- Sophos (www.sophos.com) advertised that
its Windows antivirus program defended
against over 103,000 viruses!
WHAT
  is
UBUNTU
”Humanity to others”
Easy to use
Easy to use
Design to be shared
Easy to use
Design to be shared
Not a trial version
Mark Shuttleworth
(South Africa)
$10 million
Version        Code name       Release date   Supported until
                                                                       Desktops    Servers
                       4.10        Warty Warthog      2004-10-20        2006-04-30


                          5.04       Hoary Hedgehog      2005-04-08         2006-10-31


                         5.10          Breezy Badger     2005-10-13         2007-04-13


                        6.06 LTS       Dapper Drake      2006-06-01     June 2009 June 2011


                        6.10             Edgy Eft       2006-10-26           2008-04-25


                        7.04          Feisty Fawn       2007-04-19           2008-10-19


                        7.10          Gutsy Gibbon       2007-10-18          2009-04-18


                       8.04 LTS       Hardy Heron        2008-04-24    April 2011 April 2013


                        8.10          Intrepid Ibex     2008-10-30          April 2010


Debian, 1993           9.04         Jaunty Jackalope 2009-04-23[48]       October 2010


First release, 2004    9.10          Karmic Koala[49] October 2009            April 2011


11th release, April 23, 2009
Who uses ubuntu

- Jamie Hyneman of the popular TV show
MythBusters,novelist and blogger Cory
Doctorow

- Digg.com and Reddit (Internet Communities)

- Dell (www.dell.com), System 76
(http://system76.com), Tesco (www.tesco.com)
REQUIREMENTS
# 300 MHz x86 processor
# 64 MB of system memory (RAM)
# At least 4 GB of disk space (for full installation and
swap space)
# VGA graphics card capable of 640x480 resolution
# CD-ROM drive or network card
INSTALLING UBUNTU
Select the type of installation

   - Dual boot
   - Removing Windows
   - Using Another Hard Disk
Pre-installation
- Understanding Partition
- Backing up your data
- Office Files
- E-mail Files
- Digital Image
- Multimedia Files
- Use pencil and paper
What do I need to get started?

  Installer of UBUNTU
  Your Computer
  Some of your reading skills
Step by Step Installation Guide
Stage 1: Prepare the Windows
Partition for Resizing
Stage 2: Boot from the
      DVD-ROM
Stage 3: Choose
Language Settings
Stage 4: Select
from the Boot Menu
Stage 5: Choose a
Language for Ubuntu
Stage 6: Select Your
 Country and Time
       Zone
Stage 7: Confirm
 Your Keyboard
    Layout
Stage 8: Repartition
  Your Hard Disk
Stage 9: Enter a
   Username
Stage 10: Wait
During Installation
Stage 11: Reboot
Stage 12: Eject CD/
   DVD installer
Stage 13: Input
Username and
  Password
Notice the Boot OS
     Choices
 RECOVERY MODE:

 **Resume – Resume
 normal boot

 **Root – Drop to root
 shell promp

 **Xfix – Try to fix X
 server
First Impressions

                       Basic Program Counterpart

                     **Application = Start -> Program
                     Menu
                     **Places     = My Computer
                     **System     =Control Panel




                    Shutting Down or Restarting Ubuntu
                               **Log out
                               **Lock Screen

                               **Switch User
                               **Suspend
                               **Hibernate
Desktop Guide
Windows Desktop Features Equivalents Under Ubuntu

   Windows Function                 Description                            Ubuntu Equivalent

     My Computer/     Double-clicking the My Computer/           Click Places ➤ Computer to see all
      Computer        Computer icon gives you access to the      thedrives attached to the computer inthe
                      PC system. In particular, it lets you      file browser window. If you wishto
                      browse the file system.                    browse the file system, double-clickFile
                                                                 System in the list on the left side of the
                                                                 file browser window.

      Recycle Bin     The Recycle Bin is the repository of       Click the small Trash icon located at
                      deleted files.                             the bottom-right corner of the buntu
                                                                 desktop.

      Start menu      The Start menu provides access to many     This function is split between the
                      computer functions, as well as a list of   Applications and System menus.
                      the programs installed on the system       TheApplications menu provides access
                                                                 tosoftware installed under Ubuntu. The
                                                                 System menu lets you configure
                                                                 andadminister the system, similar to the
                                                                 Windows Control Panel.
Windows Desktop Features Equivalents Under Ubuntu

         Windows Function                  Description                             Ubuntu Equivalent

Quick Launch toolbar         Located just to the right of the Start      Similar icons are located to the right of
                             button, these small icons let you launch    the main menus at the top of the Ubuntu
                             popular programs with a single click.       desktop. You can add your own entries
                                                                         here by clicking and dragging program
                                                                         icons from the Applications menu.



My Network Places/ Network   This icon is used to access network         To browse the local network, click
Neighborhood                 services, usually within a business         Places ➤ Network Servers.
                             environment (on newer versions of
                             Windows, this icon is often hidden by
                             default).

My Documents/ Documents      The My Documents/Documents folder,          The user’s Home folder serves this
                             accessed via its icon on the Windows        purpose and can be accessed by clicking
                             desktop, is a storage space set aside for   Places ➤ Home Folder.
                             a user’s documents.
Windows Desktop Features Equivalents Under Ubuntu

    Windows Function                        Description                             Ubuntu Equivalent

       Control Panel          The Windows Control Panel, located          Similar functionality can be found
                              off the Start menu, allows the user to      under the System ➤ Administration and
                              change system settings and preferences.     System ➤ Preferences menu options.

   Find Files/ Start Search   Located on the Start menu, the Find         To find files, click Places ➤ Search for
                              Files/Start Search function lets a user     Files. You can also click the Deskbar
                              search the file system for missing items.   applet, located to the left of the
                                                                          notification area, or the Tracker search
                                                                          tool icon, located in the notification
                                                                          area, to search for files.

     Shutdown/Reboot          At the bottom of the Start menu within      Clicking System ➤ Quit brings up a
                              Windows is the Shutdown/ Reboot             dialog box that is almost identical to the
                              button.                                     one displayed in Windows XP and
                                                                          offers the same options as the Windows
                                                                          Vista shutdown submenu.
Windows Desktop Features Equivalents Under Ubuntu

   Windows Function                 Description                            Ubuntu Equivalent
    Windows Update    Located in the system tray, the             The Software Update Notifier checks
                      Windows Update program checks for           for software updates, and then notifies
                      and downloads software updates, and         you when updates are available.
                      then notifies you that the updates are      Clicking the Update Manager icon pops
                      ready to be installed at your command..     up a window from which you can
                                                                  download and install updates.



      Switch User     This option is available when you           The User Switcher is located on the left
                      choose to log off from Windows. You         side of the notification area. Click the
                      can keep the login session of the current   username or real name, select another
                      user alive, while allowing another user     user to log in to the system, and supply
                      to log in to Windows.                       the correct password. The current user’s
                                                                  session will be locked, while a new
                                                                  session will be activated for the new
                                                                  logged-in user.
Running Programs
Working with Virtual
     Desktop
Using the Mouse
Cutting and Pasting Text
MAKING ALL WORKS
Installing Device
Manager (On line)
1. Select System ➤ Administration ➤
Synaptic Package Manager.
2. Click the Search button on the toolbar,
and then type gnome-device-manager in
the Search field. Click the Search button.
3. Click the program’s entry in the list of
results. Select to mark it for installation
(don’t
worry if a dialog box appears telling you
additional software needs to be installed).
4. Click Apply on the toolbar.
Installing Device Manager (offline)
*http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gnome-device-manager/
gnome-device-manager_0.2-1_i386.deb

http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gnome-device-manager/
libgnome-device-manager0_0.2-1_i386.deb


**Copy the downloaded file in the desktop

***Applications ➤ Accessories ➤ Terminal

***Enter the code below to the terminal
             cd ~/Desktop
             sudo dpkg –i libgnome-device-manager0_0.2-1_i386.deb
             sudo dpkg –i gnome-device-manager_0.2-1_i386.deb
Adding a Printer
Configuring a Local Printer




  If the printer malfunctions when printing:
        - churning out paper when a print job is sent to it
        - printing garbage
        - not working at all

  Follow the Steps in the Next Slide
Configuring a Local Printer (When error exist)
1.    Click System ➤ Administration ➤ Printing.
      Click the New printer button.

2. In the New Printer dialog box, you need to select which printer to configure.
    Click the printer you want to use, and then click the Forward button to continue.
    You’ll see the message “Searching for Drivers.”

8.    Select the printer manufacturer.
      Alternatively, you can provide the PostScript Printer Description (PPD) file if the built-in drivers
      cannot operate your printer.
      When you’ve finished, click Forward.

12. Ubuntu again selects the detected model and corresponding driver for your printer, but you can
    change these selections. If you find the default driver simply doesn’t work correctly, try a similar
    but different model. Select the appropriate model in the Model list in the left column, and then
    select the appropriate driver for your printer from the Drivers list in the right column.
    Click the Forward button to continue.

5. You’ll be invited to give the printer a name. The default should be OK. You can fill in the
    Description and Location fields if you want, but these are necessary only if you intend to share
    the printer across a network. Click Apply when you’ve finished.
Adding a Printer

Configuring a Network Printer

  Before beginning:
       find out the printer’s network address
       the queue name or the port number
       find out these details by speaking to your network administrator or
  the person who configured the printer.
Steps to configure a network printer:

  1. Click System ➤ Administration ➤ Printing. In the Printer Configuration window,
      click the New Printer button.
  2. In the Devices list of the New Printer dialog box, select the type of shared
      printer you want to connect to. If you’re unsure of which to choose, try Internet
      Printing Protocol (IPP). If you wish to connect to a Hewlett Packard (HP) printer
      with an HP print server attached, select AppSocket/HP JetDirect.
  3. Enter the network address of the printer.
      Once you have the correct settings, click Forward.
  4. As prompted, choose the printer manufacturer, printer model and driver, and
      printer name, just as if you were configuring a local printer. See steps 3, 4, and
      5 in the previous section for guidance. Click the Apply button after you’ve
      made your selections.
  5. When the printer is installed, select the printer from the list in the Printer
      Configuration window, and then click Print Test Page.
Configuring a Sound Card
  1. Right-click the volume control icon (the one that looks like a speaker), and
  select Open Volume Control.
  2. In the dialog box that appears, click Edit, and then click Preferences.
  3. The Volume Control Preferences dialog box appears.
        Select the sliders that you wish to be visible. For example, on a desktop
  computer that has 5.1 surround sound, we were able to add a slider for the
  center and back speakers. On a notebook that has a sound card featuring
  pseudo-surround sound, we could add a control to alter the intensity of the
  effect.
  4. When you’ve finished, click the Close button. The new controls should then
  be visible in the Volume Control window.
MAKING EVERYTHING
    JUST RIGHT
Changing the Look and Feel
Altering the Theme/
Changing Background:

 System ➤ Preferences ➤ Appearance




                                     Installing Additional Components
                                     GNOME Art (http://art.gnome.org)
                                     GNOME-Look (http://gnome-look.org)
Managing File
Managing File
Understanding File System Concepts
Drive References:
 • The Linux file system doesn’t use drive letters.
 • The Linux file system uses a forward slash (/) instead of a backslash ()
 in filename paths.
Names of Files:
Understanding File System Concepts



  File Access and Storage




                              Using Nautilus
Searching for Files




                      File and Folder Icons
END

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Nccp Presentation Ubuntu

  • 2. What we can learn in this presentation - Understand what is FOSS
  • 3. What we can learn in this presentation - Understand what is FOSS - What is LINUX and UBUNTU
  • 4. What we can learn in this presentation - Understand what is FOSS - What is LINUX and UBUNTU - How to install UBUNTU
  • 5. What we can learn in this presentation - Understand what is FOSS - What is LINUX and UBUNTU - How to install UBUNTU - How to use UBUNTU
  • 7. FREE not as in Free Beer
  • 9. FOSS IS ALL ABOUT FREEDOM
  • 10. THE Four (4) FREEDOM
  • 11. Freedom 0 Freedom to run the program
  • 12. Freedom 1 Freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs (Access to the source code is a precondition for this).
  • 13. Freedom 2 Freedom to redistribute so you can help your neighbor.
  • 14. Freedom 3 Freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community (Access to the source code is a precondition for this).
  • 15. The World of Linux
  • 17. 17 Years of existence 17
  • 18. 17 years of existence 17 Changing the world
  • 19. Operating System (Kernel)
  • 22. Linus Torvalds (University of Helsinki from 1988 to 1996) **Freax**
  • 23. Richard Stallman Massachusetts Institute of Technology Free Software Foundation Hurd
  • 26. BENEFITS - Fewer Crashes - Security - Free and Sharable, https://shipit.ubuntu.com
  • 27. BENEFITS - Fewer Crashes - Security - Free and Sharable, https://shipit.ubuntu.com - Linux is about freedom, rather than restrictions.
  • 28. BENEFITS - Fewer Crashes - Security - Free and Sharable, https://shipit.ubuntu.com - Linux is about freedom, rather than restrictions. - Community
  • 29. VS WINDOWS - United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (www.us-cert.gov) reported 812 security vulnerabilities for Microsoft Windows during 2005.
  • 30. VS WINDOWS - United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (www.us-cert.gov) reported 812 security vulnerabilities for Microsoft Windows during 2005. - 15 vulnerability per week 2005
  • 31. VS WINDOWS - United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (www.us-cert.gov) reported 812 security vulnerabilities for Microsoft Windows during 2005. - 15 vulnerability per week 2005 - Sophos (www.sophos.com) advertised that its Windows antivirus program defended against over 103,000 viruses!
  • 32. VS WINDOWS - United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (www.us-cert.gov) reported 812 security vulnerabilities for Microsoft Windows during 2005. - 15 vulnerability per week 2005 - Sophos (www.sophos.com) advertised that its Windows antivirus program defended against over 103,000 viruses!
  • 36. Easy to use Design to be shared
  • 37. Easy to use Design to be shared Not a trial version
  • 39. Version Code name Release date Supported until Desktops Servers 4.10 Warty Warthog 2004-10-20 2006-04-30 5.04 Hoary Hedgehog 2005-04-08 2006-10-31 5.10 Breezy Badger 2005-10-13 2007-04-13 6.06 LTS Dapper Drake 2006-06-01 June 2009 June 2011 6.10 Edgy Eft 2006-10-26 2008-04-25 7.04 Feisty Fawn 2007-04-19 2008-10-19 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon 2007-10-18 2009-04-18 8.04 LTS Hardy Heron 2008-04-24 April 2011 April 2013 8.10 Intrepid Ibex 2008-10-30 April 2010 Debian, 1993 9.04 Jaunty Jackalope 2009-04-23[48] October 2010 First release, 2004 9.10 Karmic Koala[49] October 2009 April 2011 11th release, April 23, 2009
  • 40. Who uses ubuntu - Jamie Hyneman of the popular TV show MythBusters,novelist and blogger Cory Doctorow - Digg.com and Reddit (Internet Communities) - Dell (www.dell.com), System 76 (http://system76.com), Tesco (www.tesco.com)
  • 41. REQUIREMENTS # 300 MHz x86 processor # 64 MB of system memory (RAM) # At least 4 GB of disk space (for full installation and swap space) # VGA graphics card capable of 640x480 resolution # CD-ROM drive or network card
  • 43. Select the type of installation - Dual boot - Removing Windows - Using Another Hard Disk
  • 44. Pre-installation - Understanding Partition - Backing up your data - Office Files - E-mail Files - Digital Image - Multimedia Files - Use pencil and paper
  • 45. What do I need to get started? Installer of UBUNTU Your Computer Some of your reading skills
  • 46. Step by Step Installation Guide
  • 47. Stage 1: Prepare the Windows Partition for Resizing
  • 48. Stage 2: Boot from the DVD-ROM
  • 50. Stage 4: Select from the Boot Menu
  • 51. Stage 5: Choose a Language for Ubuntu
  • 52. Stage 6: Select Your Country and Time Zone
  • 53. Stage 7: Confirm Your Keyboard Layout
  • 54. Stage 8: Repartition Your Hard Disk
  • 55. Stage 9: Enter a Username
  • 56. Stage 10: Wait During Installation
  • 58. Stage 12: Eject CD/ DVD installer
  • 59. Stage 13: Input Username and Password
  • 60. Notice the Boot OS Choices RECOVERY MODE: **Resume – Resume normal boot **Root – Drop to root shell promp **Xfix – Try to fix X server
  • 61. First Impressions Basic Program Counterpart **Application = Start -> Program Menu **Places = My Computer **System =Control Panel Shutting Down or Restarting Ubuntu **Log out **Lock Screen **Switch User **Suspend **Hibernate
  • 63. Windows Desktop Features Equivalents Under Ubuntu Windows Function Description Ubuntu Equivalent My Computer/ Double-clicking the My Computer/ Click Places ➤ Computer to see all Computer Computer icon gives you access to the thedrives attached to the computer inthe PC system. In particular, it lets you file browser window. If you wishto browse the file system. browse the file system, double-clickFile System in the list on the left side of the file browser window. Recycle Bin The Recycle Bin is the repository of Click the small Trash icon located at deleted files. the bottom-right corner of the buntu desktop. Start menu The Start menu provides access to many This function is split between the computer functions, as well as a list of Applications and System menus. the programs installed on the system TheApplications menu provides access tosoftware installed under Ubuntu. The System menu lets you configure andadminister the system, similar to the Windows Control Panel.
  • 64. Windows Desktop Features Equivalents Under Ubuntu Windows Function Description Ubuntu Equivalent Quick Launch toolbar Located just to the right of the Start Similar icons are located to the right of button, these small icons let you launch the main menus at the top of the Ubuntu popular programs with a single click. desktop. You can add your own entries here by clicking and dragging program icons from the Applications menu. My Network Places/ Network This icon is used to access network To browse the local network, click Neighborhood services, usually within a business Places ➤ Network Servers. environment (on newer versions of Windows, this icon is often hidden by default). My Documents/ Documents The My Documents/Documents folder, The user’s Home folder serves this accessed via its icon on the Windows purpose and can be accessed by clicking desktop, is a storage space set aside for Places ➤ Home Folder. a user’s documents.
  • 65. Windows Desktop Features Equivalents Under Ubuntu Windows Function Description Ubuntu Equivalent Control Panel The Windows Control Panel, located Similar functionality can be found off the Start menu, allows the user to under the System ➤ Administration and change system settings and preferences. System ➤ Preferences menu options. Find Files/ Start Search Located on the Start menu, the Find To find files, click Places ➤ Search for Files/Start Search function lets a user Files. You can also click the Deskbar search the file system for missing items. applet, located to the left of the notification area, or the Tracker search tool icon, located in the notification area, to search for files. Shutdown/Reboot At the bottom of the Start menu within Clicking System ➤ Quit brings up a Windows is the Shutdown/ Reboot dialog box that is almost identical to the button. one displayed in Windows XP and offers the same options as the Windows Vista shutdown submenu.
  • 66. Windows Desktop Features Equivalents Under Ubuntu Windows Function Description Ubuntu Equivalent Windows Update Located in the system tray, the The Software Update Notifier checks Windows Update program checks for for software updates, and then notifies and downloads software updates, and you when updates are available. then notifies you that the updates are Clicking the Update Manager icon pops ready to be installed at your command.. up a window from which you can download and install updates. Switch User This option is available when you The User Switcher is located on the left choose to log off from Windows. You side of the notification area. Click the can keep the login session of the current username or real name, select another user alive, while allowing another user user to log in to the system, and supply to log in to Windows. the correct password. The current user’s session will be locked, while a new session will be activated for the new logged-in user.
  • 69. Using the Mouse Cutting and Pasting Text
  • 71. Installing Device Manager (On line) 1. Select System ➤ Administration ➤ Synaptic Package Manager. 2. Click the Search button on the toolbar, and then type gnome-device-manager in the Search field. Click the Search button. 3. Click the program’s entry in the list of results. Select to mark it for installation (don’t worry if a dialog box appears telling you additional software needs to be installed). 4. Click Apply on the toolbar.
  • 72. Installing Device Manager (offline) *http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gnome-device-manager/ gnome-device-manager_0.2-1_i386.deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gnome-device-manager/ libgnome-device-manager0_0.2-1_i386.deb **Copy the downloaded file in the desktop ***Applications ➤ Accessories ➤ Terminal ***Enter the code below to the terminal cd ~/Desktop sudo dpkg –i libgnome-device-manager0_0.2-1_i386.deb sudo dpkg –i gnome-device-manager_0.2-1_i386.deb
  • 73. Adding a Printer Configuring a Local Printer If the printer malfunctions when printing: - churning out paper when a print job is sent to it - printing garbage - not working at all Follow the Steps in the Next Slide
  • 74. Configuring a Local Printer (When error exist) 1. Click System ➤ Administration ➤ Printing. Click the New printer button. 2. In the New Printer dialog box, you need to select which printer to configure. Click the printer you want to use, and then click the Forward button to continue. You’ll see the message “Searching for Drivers.” 8. Select the printer manufacturer. Alternatively, you can provide the PostScript Printer Description (PPD) file if the built-in drivers cannot operate your printer. When you’ve finished, click Forward. 12. Ubuntu again selects the detected model and corresponding driver for your printer, but you can change these selections. If you find the default driver simply doesn’t work correctly, try a similar but different model. Select the appropriate model in the Model list in the left column, and then select the appropriate driver for your printer from the Drivers list in the right column. Click the Forward button to continue. 5. You’ll be invited to give the printer a name. The default should be OK. You can fill in the Description and Location fields if you want, but these are necessary only if you intend to share the printer across a network. Click Apply when you’ve finished.
  • 75. Adding a Printer Configuring a Network Printer Before beginning: find out the printer’s network address the queue name or the port number find out these details by speaking to your network administrator or the person who configured the printer.
  • 76. Steps to configure a network printer: 1. Click System ➤ Administration ➤ Printing. In the Printer Configuration window, click the New Printer button. 2. In the Devices list of the New Printer dialog box, select the type of shared printer you want to connect to. If you’re unsure of which to choose, try Internet Printing Protocol (IPP). If you wish to connect to a Hewlett Packard (HP) printer with an HP print server attached, select AppSocket/HP JetDirect. 3. Enter the network address of the printer. Once you have the correct settings, click Forward. 4. As prompted, choose the printer manufacturer, printer model and driver, and printer name, just as if you were configuring a local printer. See steps 3, 4, and 5 in the previous section for guidance. Click the Apply button after you’ve made your selections. 5. When the printer is installed, select the printer from the list in the Printer Configuration window, and then click Print Test Page.
  • 77. Configuring a Sound Card 1. Right-click the volume control icon (the one that looks like a speaker), and select Open Volume Control. 2. In the dialog box that appears, click Edit, and then click Preferences. 3. The Volume Control Preferences dialog box appears. Select the sliders that you wish to be visible. For example, on a desktop computer that has 5.1 surround sound, we were able to add a slider for the center and back speakers. On a notebook that has a sound card featuring pseudo-surround sound, we could add a control to alter the intensity of the effect. 4. When you’ve finished, click the Close button. The new controls should then be visible in the Volume Control window.
  • 78. MAKING EVERYTHING JUST RIGHT
  • 79. Changing the Look and Feel Altering the Theme/ Changing Background: System ➤ Preferences ➤ Appearance Installing Additional Components GNOME Art (http://art.gnome.org) GNOME-Look (http://gnome-look.org)
  • 82. Understanding File System Concepts Drive References: • The Linux file system doesn’t use drive letters. • The Linux file system uses a forward slash (/) instead of a backslash () in filename paths. Names of Files:
  • 83. Understanding File System Concepts File Access and Storage Using Nautilus
  • 84. Searching for Files File and Folder Icons
  • 85. END