Innovasjon Norge: Reiselivsåret 2015 og forventinger 2016
Activities of Poland in Oxy Combustion
1. National Centre for Research and Development
Strategic Programme
„Advanced Technologies for Energy
Generation”
ACIVITIES OF POLAND IN
CFB OXY-FUEL COMBUSTION
Wojciech Nowak
Piotr Grzybowski
Czestochowa University
of Technology, Poland
Jozef Pacyna, NILU Norway
POLEKO 2012
2. The European Commission is calling
for increased ambition in EU climate
legislation. Brussels to argue for
25% CO2 reduction target in 2020, at
least 80 percent in 2050 from 1990
level
World primary energy demand over
the 20 years will increase by approx.
30%. Poland plans to meet the 2020
EU emission targets by introducing
atomic energy in almost equal
measure with renewables as well as
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
Poland relies on carbon-intensive coal
for more than 90 percent of its
electricity
Poland blocked an EU declaration on
climate policies and has repeatedly
said it would oppose any more
stringent climate policies than those
already agreed
2 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
3. CCS applied to a modern conventional power plant could
reduce CO 2 emissions to the atmosphere by approximately
80-90% compared to a plant without CCS
3 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
4. National Centre for Research and Development
Strategic programme (started in May 2010)
„Advanced Technologies for Energy Generation”
1. Development of high-efficiency, „zero-emission”
technology for coal power plants integrated with CO2
capture
2. Development of oxy-combustion technology for
pulverised and fluidized bed boilers integrated with
CO2 capture – Institute is the Leader
3. Development of coal gasification for effective power
and fuel production
4. Development of integrated technologies for production
of fuels and energy from biomass, agriculture and
other wastes
4
5. Development of oxy-combustion technology for
Introduction: pulverised and fluidized bed boilers integrated
with CO2 capture
What is the problem?
What is the solution?
What are the possibilities?
Idea and technological options
6. What are the possibilities?
Pre-combustion developed under
Post-combustion: Strategic Project:
the Strategic Project: Research
Research Task No. 1
Tasks No. 3
Strategic Project: Research Task
No. 2
Source: Vattenfall
Materials OXYFUEL COMBUSTION in PC and CFB Boilers
6 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
7. Flue gases from oxy-fuel
combustion boilers are
almost pure CO2, which
allows its immediate
sequestration
Oxy-fuel combustion is
suitable for modernization of
old boilers, only by addition:
ASU - Air Separation Unit,
CPU - CO2 Processing Unit
and
FGR - Flue Gas Recirculation
7 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
8. Technology options
Pulverized coal boiler CFB boiler Pressurized CFB boiler
All three options are being considered in Research Task No. 2
8 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
9. Aim of the project
Technical readiness up to industry-scale demonstration of oxy-fuel combustion plant
integrated with CO2 purification and sequestration
The specific objectives
Recommendation of one of three coal combustion technologies (PC, CFB, PCFB)
Assessment of current power systems by adapting operated / depleted units
to oxy-fuel combustion boilers
Indicate the directions of clean coal technology development in Poland
9 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
10. Consortium
10 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
11. Project structure
11 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
12. Structural Analysis - Advanced measurement methods behavior of individual fuel particles
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Coal Fragmentation
Atomic force microscope (AFM)
TG-FTIR-MS
Air Combustion
Experimental studies, measurement systems
PROCESS ANALYSIS
Drop furnace
flow reactor
0xygen Combustion
12 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
13. Experimental validation of models Corrosion tests in a 154 MWt CFB boiler
Location of probes
• ignition of coal dust
Simullations
Probe material (SUMITOMO)
propagation of coal dust
13 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
14. 0.1 MWth CFB pilot plant
control system
fuel supply
CO2 and O2 supply
14 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
15. Slight increase in T below SG level
Even profile of T above SG level
Pressure loop remains
Five zones along height
in agreement with
of combustion chamber
typical pressure balance
can be distinguish
around CFB loop
(Kunii D., Levenspiel O., 1991)
(Basu P., Fraser S.A., 1991) Control room - PrtSc
15 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
16. 21%O2@CO2 35%O2@CO2
OXY-FUEL
O 2+ C O 2 C O N D I T I O N S
REFERENCE
AIR CONDITIONS
Progress in burn-out of combustible matter along height of
combustion chamber
Lower rate of combustion when N2 is substitued for CO2
Comparable to air and efficient combustion at oxygen
fraction >30%vol.
16 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
17. 21%O2@CO2 35%O2@CO2
OXY-FUEL
O 2+ C O 2 C O N D I T I O N S
REFERENCE
AIR CONDITIONS
High value of total sulfur conversion ratio
Considerable amount od H2S and residual impurity of SO3
Phenomenon of selfdesulfurization
17 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
18. 21%O2@CO2 35%O2@CO2
OXY-FUEL
O 2+ C O 2 C O N D I T I O N S
REFERENCE
AIR CONDITIONS
Fuel-N behavior under oxy-fuel conditions
will be presended
Tuesday, 5PM, Session A
Czakiert T., Nowak W., …, The Effect of Oxygen
Concentration on Nitrogen Conversion in Oxy-Fuel
CFB Environment
18 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
19. Pilot-plant research
0.2 MWth PCFB pilot plant 30 kW bubbling fluidized bed
19 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
20. fuel preparation
0.5 MWth PC pilot plant gas supply system
20 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
21. Oxygen generator Separation of oxygen
Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) on zeolite bed Membrane method using perovskite materials
Oxygen purity of 95% - recommended for oxy combustion production of membranes
Oxygen liquefaction and final purification membrane oxy-genation material structure
21 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
22. PRESSURIZED OXY BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR
Analiza gazów
Chłodnica
Gas cooler
Chłodnica T Water
wodna
cooler
gazowa
Odbiór ciekłych
P T T P produktów z P T
odpylacz wychłodzenia
Dust filter gazu procesowego
T
M
T
P
T
Wytwornica pary
Steam generator
ze zbiornikiem wody
DP
T
T T
O2,
Powietrze
P
wtórne
T T P
Mikser/ T
F F
zawirowywacz
F
Podgrzewacz
powietrza pierwotnego T
N2 O2 CO2
F Podgrzewacz
powietrza wtórnego
Parameter Unit
Reactor diameter mm 75 (50/120)
Reactor height mm 1000
Fuel flow kg/h 0,5-3
Oxidizer (mixture) - O2/CO2/N2
Max. temperature °C 1100
Max. pressure bar 15
23. Emission of NO and N2O at flexible change of the combustion
Influence of the temperature on NO and conversion under conditions (under atmospheric pressure) from air-fired to oxyfuel.
oxy-fuel (20:80 vol % O2/CO2) conditions and atmospheric pressure. Conditions: air-fired [fuel feed, 0.29 kg/h; flow rate, 5.35 m3/h
The concentration values are based on 6% O2 as a reference level. (STP); and O2(out), 10.6 vol %] and oxy-fuel [fuel feed, 0.27 kg/h;
O2/CO2, 20:80; flow rate, 4.98 m3/h (STP); and O2(out), 10 vol %].
Energy&Fuels. Pressurized Oxy-fuel Combustion: A Study of Selected Parameters
Janusz A. Lasek,* Krzysztof Głód, Marcin Janusz, Krzysztof Kazalski, and Jarosław Zuwała. 2012
Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal, ul. Zamkowa 1, 41-803 Zabrze, Poland
23 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
24. NO NO
N2 O N2 O
Oxy combustion (20/80 % vol. O2/CO2) Air combustion
24 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
25. atm
4.4 bar
Air combustion Oxy combustion (20/80)
NO conversion N2O conversion
25 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
26. General idea of population balance of CFB boilers
26 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
27. Results
Time of chair combustion over particle dimension –
Simulation results versus experimental data
29. Numerical simulations of CFB
Solids hold-ip in CFB
CFB combustion chamber
Numerical simulations
29 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
30. Numerical simulations of oxy PC
Thickness of
deposits
Coal burners in PC combustors
Air combustion Oxy
Fouling model combustion
30 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
31. Barracuda simulations of 0.1 MWth
CFB oxy-fuel combustor
- CPFD® numerical method
(computational particle fluid dynamics)
is a „hybrid” of numerical methods for a
fluid (continuum phase) and particulates
(discrete phase); fluid phase is treated
with Eulerian formulation (CFD), and
particles – with Lagrangian formulation
(CPFD® = CFD (for fluid) + solids)
- Unlimited particle and gaseous species
- Particle-wall deflections, particle stress
tensor, particle-particle collisions
- 3D simulations with particle size
distribution (PSD) defined by user and
chemical reactions
31 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
32. Average particle volume fraction cv and average gas velocity
0,40
cv [-]
0,30 21%O2/79%CO2
0,20
0,40
0,10
0,35
0,00 21%O2/79%CO2 x/R:(-1;1)
0,30
0,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0
0,25 x/R:(-1;0)
h [m]
0,20 x/R = 0(axis)
cv [-]
0,15 x/R:(0;1)
0,10
0,05 exit
0,00 zone
0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0
h [m]
8,0
x/R:(-1;1)
7,0
x/R:(-1;0)
6,0
x/R=0(axis)
5,0
x/R:(0;1)
4,0
ug [m s-1]
3,0
2,0
1,0
0,0
0 1 2 3 4 5
h [m]
32 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
33. CO2 capture and processing
33 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
34. Production of sorbents based on fluidized bed ash
POWER PLANTS
FLY ASH
COMBUSTION BY-PRODUCTS
CARBON DIOXIDE MERCURY SURFACE OF FLY ASH SURFACE OF ZEOLITES
CO2 CAPTURE Hg REMOVAL
FLY ASH-BASED
PRODUCTS
Removall of odor
ADSORPTION
PSA ADSORPTION utilization of
TSA MEMBRANES petroleum-derivatives
Clean water and air
VSA
PTSA
Soil decontamination
develop an effective fly ash-based sorbent (mainly microporous zeolites) for the removal of gaseous
pollutants (including CO2 and Hg) and petroleum contaminants.
34 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
35. Na-A zeolite
Na-P1 zeolite
35 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
36. CO2 processing from CFB oxy combustor
4 kolumn VPSA installation
for CO2 processing from 0.1
MW oxy-fuel CFB combustor
full laboratory scale
capacity 5 m3/h
adsorption pressure 180 kPa
desorption 30 kPa
temperature 40 oC
SO2, NOx removal in carbon
bed
36 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
37. Three-phase fluidized bed photobioreactor for CO2 capture by algae
Parameter
Temperature 250 C
Light intensity 80 µmol m-2 s-1
Photoperiod 12:12
Algae species Chlorella v.
CO2
The experiments were conducted in the climatic
chamber
37 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
38. The influence of intermittent CO2 and continuous air supply on growth
of Chlorella vulgaris
stationary
exponential phase
declining
x105 ml-1
adaptation phase
decline
Cell ,
Time, days
• CW: intermittent supply of CO2
• PW: continuous air supply 38
39. Process integration
Integration of oxy-fuel combustion CFB boiler
with CO2 sequestration
39 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
40. CO2 Recovery CO2 Purity Efficiency
96,00 95,55 46,40
Efficiency [%]
CO2 recovery [%]
CO2 purity [%]
46,20
95,00 95,50
46,00
94,00 95,45
45,80
93,00 95,40 45,60
40 90 140 40 90 140 40 90 140
Flu gas temperature [C] Flu gas temperature [C] Flu gas temperature [C]
40 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
41. air
Combustion chamber hight, m
Temp, 0C Heat flux, CO2 O2
Heat flux, kW
kW
air 1224 189 19.41 4.63
OOXY1, 24%
1155 163 91.20 3.57
Instytut Techniki Cieplnej www.itc.polsl.pl Konarskiego 22, 44- OXY2, 30% O2
100 Gliwice 1228 183 89.98 3.71
41 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
42. Feasibility study
CFB demo scale: CO2 purification
Case study: Tauron Łagisza 460 MWe supercritical OTH CFB boiler
Flue gas channel
from CFB boiler
Connection to PSA
installation
Control room
PSA installation to capture CO2
42 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
43. 43 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
44. Feasibility study
CFB d e m o s c a l e : C C S
Case study: PGE GiEK SA Turów 3 × 235 MWe CFB + 3 × 260 MWe Compact CFB + 460 MWe new PC
CO2 pipelines to geological
storage
Pipelines routs
Pipelines shortest rout
Power plant
Geological structure
Nature 2000,
44 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
45. Pre-feasibility study
30 MWe CFB and PC demo scale
VR model integrates objects and
datas from different applications
45 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
46. Understanding the population of German federal
Awareness of the Polish population
states
NIMBY Syndrome Not In My Back Yard
LULU Syndrome Locally Unacceptable Land Use
NIMEY Syndrome Not In My Election Year
46 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
47. Pre-feasibililty study of high-efficient, multi-fuel and flexible oxy-fuel demo plant with a
capacity of 30 MWe
Three technological options (PC, CFB, PCFB)
Pre-feasibility study of CFB technology with CCS for large-scale CFB power plants
PGE GiEK SA Tauron Wytwarzanie SA
Turów Power Plant: Łagisza Power Plant 460 MWe
total 1485 MWe CFB supercritical CFB unit
47 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
48. 48 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak
49. 49 Projekt Strategiczny - Zadanie badawcze nr 2 prof. dr hab. inż. Wojciech Nowak