1. A JOURNEY INTO AFRICA; STORY OF
HOPE AND EMPOWERMENT
KANINI KASEO
KYUNYU VILLANGE, KATHONZWENI DISTRICT, KENYA
We are thirsty for positive change in our area and as members of Kanini Kaseo SGH we want to be
model SGH in our locality and beyond. We are optimistic that this is just the beginning of better things
for our group, families and community in terms of food security. 9th February 2012.
“My sense of worthy is coming back with Kanini Kaseo”. Mrs. Ndinda Mutuku 80 years old
23rd February 2012.
KENYA COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION
www.seedofpossibilities.org.uk
64 Upper Parliament Street
Liverpool L8 7LF, United Kingdom
E-mail: admin@seedofpossibilities.org.uk
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2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Document Pages
Executive summary 3-4
KCA statement at Kanini Kaseo, Kenya 9/02/12 5-7
Kanini Kaseo Statement 9/02/12 8-9
Press reports covering event 10
Trustees Declaration 11
Kanthonzweni District Project proposal 12-26
Israel Ambassador meeting press release 27-28
Invitation to Israel Ambassador for technical support 29-30
Bill Gates food security Africa food security funding 31
The project for development cooperation EU-Africa on Social Economy: 32-36
Plus Dane Group £3,000 hand over statement 37-39
The two “Ngadzi”; Impact and effects of migration on communities 40-43
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3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Kanini Kaseo is a response to the cyclic catastrophic climatic conditions that perennially affect
many regions but the severity in Africa eclipses all. Africa is an expanse continent endowed
with abundant natural resources but similarly with vast areas of scarcity.
The bulk of the African population is rural subsisting on produce of the land be it farm
produce or livestock. These rural farmers still practice traditional methods of cultivation and
land management that are static over the centuries. Populations are increasing due to lower
mortality and yields decreasing due to change in weather patterns, changed expectation
through schooling, migration to urban centre’s, diseases, conflicts and various others.
Resource mismanagement is another factor.
While the international community has been responding favourably towards these cyclic
events, there exist the desire to build capacity and empower Africa to unlock its vast
potential thereby become granary of its own needs as well as surplus for the needs of other
regions. African government and leaders are conscious of this fact and have been engaging
with its development partners in formulation and implementing programs that would achieve
this vision.
Extensive resources have been allocated to Africa with mixed results. While there are many
success stories one comes across waste all over. Moreover, the rural poor who constitute the
bulk of the population hardly benefit from the programs or initiatives that are executed
through the various agencies or platforms. The Trustees managing the Kanini Kaseo funds
have been carefully selected with this in mind and reflect in their declaration.
Nobody wants to be hungry, suffer deprivation, and endure hardship of any kind. Similarly
others look with kindness to those that experience these conditions. This is what moves such
entities like the Bill Gates Foundation, Barka Foundation and initiative by the EU in
partnership with National Governments including those far off such as State of Israel. Unlike
in the developed economies where government is highly sensitive to welfare needs of the
people the opposite is true in most parts of African. This has led to multi-channel intervention
programs where both government and non governmental institutions become tools of
empowerment.
Social Enterprise as vehicle of empowerment in Europe and other developed economies is
not alien to Africa even though the terminology and operation methods may be different.
There is both commonality and divergence whose astute management as was the case of the
“two Ngadzi” can produce highly resilient and enduring concept impacting both Africa and
the developed world.
Kanini Kaseo state, “we are thirsty for positive change in our area”. This thirst is in the whole
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of Africa. The change is for better livelihood for all and mostly food security a fact recognized
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4. by all to be achievable. The CDs of video and pictures testify to that which is contained
herein.
What is being done and funded in Kanini Kaseo is not imposed on them but something they
desired and were looking for partners to empower them. The District Community
Development Project mooted and dormant since February 2011 is one of such desires
unfulfilled, waiting and eventually to die off. Its death will not be in the idea alone but many
of those individuals whom it is intended to benefit.
Kanini Kaseo innovation is first its embrace of the people own development concept to
broaden their vision, hope and handle change through food for now while preparing, working
and developing the land for future harvests. Second phase is working with other partners to
bring in technology to transform practices of land and farming management. The momentum
to sustain conviction and trust of the partnership through funding of the first phase is critical
especially considering this is the flagship of our African intervention.
Kanini Kaseo has cross sector support of all segments of society, central government through
the DC, political through MP and councilors, inhabitants and the absent husbands migrating
to the city for work.
KCA secured the £3,200 invested through collaboration with Plus Dane Group and its partners
in Merseyside, UK. We are seeking further support from our various partners in assisting
secure or unlock funds to continue in this locality of high impact. In seeking financial backing
we are aware of the difficulties being experienced all around us, but we are encouraged by
those who have faith in the potential of Africa that the importance of Kanini Kaseo is real and
important to the arc of change and hope running across Africa from Cameroon into Ghana
passing through Uganda ending in Kenya. This is a vision, inspiration, burning desire and
commitment we all share with one common ambition; to make it happen.
In conclusion I would appeal for the following:-
1. Secure additional funds to continue current land preparation efforts before start of
the long rains in East Africa.
2. Source funding for the feasibility study “Integrated Community Development
Project” championed by the District Commissioner in page 12-26.
3. The invitation to the State of Israel in response to declared interest of developing
food security in Africa page 32-36 receive backing of our partners.
Baiba Dhidha Mjidho.
Chairman; Kenya Community Association.
27th February 2012.
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5. KENYA COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION INAGURAL STATEMENT MARKING START OF KANINI
KASEO SOCIAL INTEGRATION CENTRE
9TH FEBRUARY 2012.
Hon. Peter Kiilu, MP. Makueni Consttituency,
Mr. J. Otieno DC Kathonzweni District
Mr. Athanas K. Nganda, Area Concilor,
Area Chief,
Assistant Chief,
Distinguished guests,
Ladies and Gentlemen;
I feel highly honoured to represent the Kenya Community Association in the County of
Merseyside, United Kingdom in this function inaugurating its first intervention of empowering
marginalized and needy communities in their Motherland Kenya.
I further convey the goodwill, greeting and best wishes of all communities within the County
of Merseyside whose outpouring generosity resulted in the £3,200 (Kes 400,000) being used
for the first phase of the food for work project being initiated here in Kanini Kaseo today. The
project is estimated to cost £6,000 (Kes 750,000) for land preparation and £24,000 (Kes 3
mln.) for water.
The Kenya Community Association is composed of Kenyan migrants within the last 25 years
settled in Merseyside and those who subscribe to their vision and values which means we do
not live as a closed community but in communion with other people of different ethnicity.
Our capacity to embrace, live, associate, appreciate and value others is pivotal in our
engagement with different communities and peoples.
This project is anchored on the human response to need. It further recognizes the capacity of
human enterprise to overcome the factors that lead to their marginalization, under
performance or needs. Our initiative is therefore part of the global and national response to
the extensive drought conditions last year that engulfed most of East Africa including Kenya
whose effects are still present.
The global and national response has been overwhelming and still continues to be. Kenyan
migrants all over the world through their various associations sent their contributions which
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included those offered by the communities around them. The money funding this initiative is
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part of such efforts.

6. The money sent by us today is from a fund raising event presided by Mr. Jeremy Laibutah,
First Counselor, Kenya High Commission, London marking the annual October
commemoration of Africa History Month in Merseyside sponsored by the Plus Dane Group in
partnership with various corporate bodies and community organization. Among them were
Liverpool Mutual Homes, Riverside Housing, Workers Education Association, Frontline
Church, Mast Group, Yemeni Association, Bangladesh Association and several others. We are
most thankful to the Chief Executive Officer of Plus Dane Group Mr. Ken Perry and Chairman
Mr. Richard Kemp who took personal interest and organized the money presentation
ceremony in their Board room. This illustrates the level of commitment and compassion held
by the outside world on the afflicted in East Africa. It Merits here to mention the devotion of
Maureen Chendo, Engagement Officer, Plus Dane Group who was instrumental in
coordinating and managing the fundraising efforts.
We hope that the giving spirit demonstrated by these corporate bodies, charities and
individuals in Merseyside, United Kingdom will be replicated by others here in Kenya
financially. Any material or financial support through the Trustees will be appreciated with
thanks and encourage our partners in Europe.
This initiative is driven by two factors. First is the plea originating from here, Kanini Kaseo to
us through Scholar who pleaded on your behalf for food assistance to those that were
starving. We responded with remittance of Kes 40,000. At that point we were made aware of
the women group resolve to improve the land in order to increase food production and
thereby cushion the community from the cyclic food scarcity occasioned by poor crop yields.
The second driving force is our vision of empowerment to ourselves and those we interact
with. We are therefore through this engagement meeting two needs, first providing food to
alleviate effects of current scarcity and secondly putting in place land and facility
improvements that will guarantee food sustainability. In other words this empowers the
community towards self sufficiency.
Empowering communities is recognized by governments of Africa individually, collectively
and by their development partners. This is captured in various instruments such as Kenya
Government’s vision 2030, AU/EU strategy plan 2010-2013, AU/NEPAD Africa Action Plan
2010-2015 and Nairobi Strategy of September 2011 among others. We are pleased to note
that this initiative in Kanini Kaseo meets and is within this vision.
The Kenya Community Association vision statement is “Empowering Kenyans to achieve and
maximize their potential” which is anchored on the foundation of “You are a seed of
possibilities”. We thus view, perceive or act as a medium, platform or agent to unlock the
potential and capacity of those we associate with to make use, attain or fully exploit the
potential that surrounds them. Our involvement and undertaking here in Kanini Kaseo is
driven by the above objectives and values.
We are encouraged by the overwhelming support our initiative received by all concerned
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namely the community, government representatives as well as those holding elective offices
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which is affirmed by the dignitaries assembled before you and by your MP being one of the

7. trustees of the funds. We look forward to this support translate into facilitating actions. In
order to realize the full potential of this project, a number of facilities will be required. To this
end we call for urgent revision of your development plan submitted to us last year to capture
current expectations and vision. We do hope the various agencies and government
departments will assist in their provision where applicable and appropriate.
We would like to thank the three trustees Sister Scholar Nganda, lecturer Kenyatta University,
Hon. Peter Kiilu, MP, Makueni Constituency and Mr. Cleophas Kiio, Director, Kenya Bureau of
Statistics and lecturer in two of our leading Universities who have accepted our invitation to
be custodians of the funds remitted and any other funds that will be received for this project
or expansion of this project to other parts of our Nation.
We must recognize that there are several initiatives here in Kenya and elsewhere committed
to empowerment of rural communities. We pledge to work alongside them and network with
them to make our and their impact in whatever all of us do meaningful. It is further our intent
to network with our national universities where applicable in applying their competencies
and knowhow in uplifting the capacity of rural communities.
In the journey of evolvement of our Charity to this historic moment of engaging in this
program in our motherland it would be honourable for us to acknowledge those who helped
define with clarity our vision and understanding. Mr. Godwin Bateren CEO of Chara Trust has
been our mainstay and pillar of strength throughout our 15 years existence. The enormity of
human resourcefulness was gained from the Barka Foundation activities and its founder Mr.
Thomas Kadowski whom we accessed through Chara Trust.
Ms. Helen Connor and her mother Sylvia Connor co-founders of Inspiring Leaders Kenya NGO
were invaluable and through them had access to Prof Elena P. Antonacopoulou of University
of Liverpool Management School and Dr Kristian Mjoen, Norwegian University of Science and
Technology who helped in clarifying our identity, vision, self worth and potential. There are
many more but this illustrates the power of networking and interaction to create linkages and
impact.
We end with the faith that Kanini Kaseo shall be partners carrying our vision and hope that
will influence and transform the lives of many others in our country and other parts of our
continent. For in Kanini Kaseo resides our letter of recommendation and living example of
what can be done and achieved in Africa and other marginalized communities elsewhere.
Your success will be the success of others like you waiting to be helped and touched just as it
is being done to you today.
In closing we acknowledge with thanks the generosity of Mrs Benedicta Muthoki Chalse
Nganda for transporting our representatives from and back to Nairobi another demonstration
of self giving towards the success of the project.
May God be our help and guide in this partnership of solidarity.
Amen.
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8. KANINI KASEO KYUNYU SELF HELP GROUP;
TH
STATEMENT ON THURSDAY 9 FEBRUARY 2012.
Our visitors (Pauline and friends), Members of Kanini Kaseo Self Help Group, Ladies and
gentlemen,
Good afternoon.
I take this opportunity to welcome you all to our group, feel at home. On behalf of the group
allow me to express our gratitude to you for having seen it worthy to consider us for
funds which we believe will change lives of many in the area for the better.
A brief history of our group.
Allow me to take you through a brief history of our group.
Kyunyu area is composed of mostly female population and children who reside here. This
is owed to the fact that most of the male bread winners have migrated to urban areas in
search of jobs. Until 2008 we used to rely on our husbands for every coin we spent in our
homes. In 2008 we decided that the high levels of poverty we were living in was lowering
our dignity and thus as women we had to come up with a way forward. That saw the dawn of
Kanini Kaseo SHG. The group started as a simple merry-go-round composed of 20 members.
We aimed at buying kitchen ware for our members through monthly contribution.
By January 2009, membership had grown to 27. During an Annual General Meeting
we concurred that we needed an Income Generating Activity (IGA) to complement whatever
other contributions we were making. It was agreed that we would engage in goat rearing
and thus part of the group’s money was used to purchase 20 goats for members. The plan
was that the offspring would be given to the remaining seven members after which any
further offspring would be sold and the money be used for members common benefit.
However, the challenge of drought and famine robbed us of 3 goats in late 2009 while 2
others died of livestock diseases. This became a major setback to our new objective of
improving food security in the area through goat milk as well as economic empowerment of
our group members.
Despite these challenges our group continued to hold together and in 2010 we saw the need
to register our group with the Department of Gender and Social Services, which we did and
were issued with a certificate of membership. To facilitate this, we sold seven goats and
banked the raised amount. This is the money we used to facilitate the committee members
movement in terms of bus fare and allowances. The group was registered in May 2010 with
35 members.
We still had challenges such as lack of fundraising skills but tried to liaise with the
Department of Gender and Social Services to train us on proposal writing skills. Some of our
members were trained and we agreed on sourcing for funds to run food security project in
our area. We wrote several proposals to different donors which unfortunately have not been
funded so far. However, we did not give up hope until Pauline and friends lately responded to
our cry of which we are very grateful. Thus we are proud to say that this is our first major
project ever and we are glad that you agreed to work with us.
Now we still hold together in our ambition to create food security in our area. We are ready
to work with one another to enable us realize our ambition. Once again we are thankful
to our donor and we want assure you that you have come to the right people. We are
thirsty f or positive change in our area and as members of Kanini Kaseo SHG we want to be
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the model SHG in our group, families and community in terms of food security. We still have

9. dreams for the future that is access to clean and sufficient drinking water. Since we envision
success in our current project we aspire to carry on with a water project immediately
afterwards.
Thank you and God bless you.
9th February 2012.
Progress report 23rd February 2012.
CURRENT BENEFITS:
First and foremost, new energy seems to have been born! These women can now dig 210
meters per week in two days! Before KCA intervention due to lack of proper equipment for
making the terraces, the women though determined could only dig the 210 meters a week in
four days. Don't forget, they were also hungry as they dug, so their low out-put in terrace
making was compounded by their characteristic hunger. An amazing achievement all due to
food provision. The fact that they know there will be food to feed their children gives them
the hope of a better tomorrow, hence energy to work more. Above all, KCA is buying
nutritional food (maize and Beans) for the people and the portions they are receiving is also
big and lasts close to mid-month. Importantly, old women, those who felt so unworthy in the
society before KCA's intervention are now feeling of value in society as they join the able
women who dig the terraces as the latter take care of the kids. Great solidarity has been
achieved so far through the project. One aged woman (80yrs) Ndinda Mutuku says her sense
of worthy is coming back with Kanini Kaseo.
Sister Scholar Nganda, Trustee.
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10. From: Knamakueni Makueni <knamakueni@yahoo.com>
Subject:
To: filomuli@yahoo.com
Date: Tuesday, February 21, 2012, 12:38 AM
A women group in Kyunyu village in Kathonzweni district has received a donation of Kshs
400,000 from a group of Kenyans living in United Kingdom in a bid to fight drought and
famine in the area.
Kanini Kaseo Self Help group received the money donated by Kenya Community Association
(KCA)in Liverpool to implement a food for work programme where the members of the group
will be required to work in their farms and in return get food bought using the money.
The chairman of KCA Balba Dhidha Mjidho in a speech read on his behalf by Mr. Francis
Kimaru during the launch of the project today said the Ksh 400.000 will be used in the first
phase of the food for work programme and disclosed that a further Kshs 3.7 million will be
used for improve the land in order to increase food production as well as initiating water
projects in the area to cushion the members and the community against water shortage.
“Due to the cyclic food scarcity occasioned by poor yields in the area this project aims at first,
providing food to starving families and secondly put in place land and facility improvement
that will guarantee food sustainability,” he said.
Mr. Mjidho noted that project is an initiative by KCA to respond to the effects of the frequent
ravaging droughts experienced in the area and at the same time empower the community
through development of projects aimed at creating food security.
“Our vision is to empower marginalized communities and maximize their potential,” he said.
Kanini Self Help Group has a membership of 35 women and was started in 2008 with the aim
of initiating income generating activities to alleviate poverty among the members.
During the event farm tools worthy 80,000 were distributed to the members of the group.
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11. KANINI KASEO KYUNYU SELP HELP WOMEN GROUP, KATHONZWENI
DISTRICT- KENYA.
STATEMENT FROM SR. SCHOLASTICAH NGANDA (Trustee).
I owe the words I am about to say to the courage, determination and the zeal of the women of
Kanini Kaseo Self Help Group in Kyunyu Village, Kathonzweni District, Kenya- East Africa.
And I say these words on behalf of the other two trustees of Kanini Kaseo project who could
not be reached face-to-face but whom I have spoken to on phone and have given me the
authority and permission to release the statement on their behalf as well. Allow me therefore to
state: I, Mr. Peter Kiilu, Member of Parliament, Makueni Constituency, I, Mr. Cleophas Kiio,
Director, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, and Lecturer, Masinde Muliro University of
Science and Technology as well as Visiting Lecturer Catholic University of Eastern
Africa(CUEA), I, Sr. Scholasticah Nganda, A Religious Catholic Sister belonging to the
Congregation of the Sisters of Mercy, a Lecturer in Kenyatta University and a Board Member,
Association of African Universities, AIDS Control Unit- Based in Kenyatta University, wish to
firmly confirm our total commitment to the full development, growth and maturation of Kanini
Kaseo Self Help Kyunyu Women Group. We are convinced that this project once given full
support in all facets of its development, will serve as a model for the rest of Africa in food
Security. Can Africa feed her own people? Yes she CAN. But how? Only through provision of
Irrigation water for the fertile fields and huge lands.
As we firmly vow to protect Kanini Kaseo's funds from the donor community, we want to
assure members of the Kenya Community Association in Liverpool (UK) that our integrity as
persons of clear vision, focus and unwavering determination to fruits of good course, will steer
Kanini Kaseo to its greatest heights. Sky is our limit in this venture, if only you financially
support this model project for this continent. To this end, know for certain, that we will remain
firmly on course in this our new found partnership. May God Almighty Bless these our Hopes.
Amen.
Peace be upon you ALL, who READ and ACT on this Statement from the three trustees.
Amen.
Scholar in Unity with Peter Kiilu and Cleophas Kiio (Trustees, Kanini Kaseo)
14th February 2012
Nairobi, Kenya.
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12. Integrated Community Development Project:
Towards Food Security, Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable
Livelihoods
in Makueni County through Sustainable Irrigated Agriculture.
PROJECT PROPOSAL CONCEPT NOTE
Project Name:
Makueni Sustainable Irrigated Agriculture (MaSIA) Project
Submitted for Funding to:
United Nations World Food Programme (UN-WFP) Kenya
Through:
Kathonzweni District Steering Group
Submitted By:
PRRO/FOOD FOR ASSETs Programme
Arid Lands Resource Management Project II - Makueni
Arid Lands Resource Management Project II
P.O. Box 99 – 90300
Makueni
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February 10, 2011
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13. Makueni County Map Showing Proposed Project Area with Respect to Athi
River
N
Miangeni
Syotuvali
Matheani
Winyivyo (Kitise)
Athi Hope (Mwania)
Kandengya
KEY
District/division
boundary
Athi River
Mudengao
Makutano
(Kathekani)
KEY Proposed project area
for phase I, II & III
District/Division/Location
whose suitability will be
boundary
determined by topo-
surveys
Athi River
7 Small scale pumped
irrigation systems (canal)
started by ALRMP II over the
last 7-8 years and utilizing
River Athi ecosystem. being targeted for
Areas The
the intervention whose
presence of these create an
advantage for better
suitability will be justified
adoption of theby detailed topo-surveys
proposal by
the communities who have
seen some benefits that can
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be realized from such
project.
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14. i. Acknowledgements
DMO Makueni County
DC & DSG - Kathonzweni District
DSG – Makueni County
National Project Steering Committee (WFP and National FFA Coordinator)
Cooperating Partners - Makueni County
Kilifi County/District Food for Assets Coordinator
Communities - Makueni County
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15. Contents
i. Makueni County Map Showing Proposed Project Area with Respect to Athi River ...... 13
ii. Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... 14
1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 16
1.1 Background and General Context ............................................................................. 16
1.2 Problem Statement .................................................................................................... 17
1.3 Objectives of the Concept ......................................................................................... 18
1.3.1 Broad Objective ................................................................................................. 18
1.3.2 Specific Objectives ............................................................................................ 18
1.4 Justification ............................................................................................................... 19
2.0 METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................... 20
2.1 Project Components .................................................................................................. 20
2.1.1 Phase I................................................................................................................ 20
2.1.1.1 Baseline Surveys ............................................................................................ 20
2.1.1.2 Feasibility Studies .......................................................................................... 20
2.1.1.3 Stakeholders Workshop ................................................................................. 21
2.1.2 Phase II .............................................................................................................. 22
2.1.3 Phase III ............................................................................................................. 23
3.0 BUDGET FOR PHASE I ............................................................................................ 24
4.0 PROJECT IMPACTS .................................................................................................. 25
5.0 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES ................................................................. 25
5.1 Challenges ................................................................................................................. 25
5.2 Opportunities............................................................................................................. 25
6.0 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................... 26
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16. 1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background and General Context
The Government of Kenya’s (GoK) Policy is to ensure that the whole population is food secure all the
time. It is also the policy of GoK that FOOD FOR ASSET be used as the main food aid strategy
whenever possible. The FOOD FOR ASSET project selection should be in line with the Poverty
Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) and enhancement of food security in the Counties. FOOD FOR ASSET
activities are in line with the National Policy for the Sustainable Development of ASAL of Kenya (2007).
According to this policy crop farming and livestock production will be strengthened through
dissemination of improved water harvesting technologies and making the technologies sustainable
and environmentally friendly.
FOOD FOR ASSET is a food security strategy that meets immediate food needs and ensures building of
assets for the future. The long lasting effect of FOOD FOR ASSET is not only for the creation of assets,
but also the building of adequate skills to help people plan and manage micro-initiatives, and to
continue invest in their futures.
The FOOD FOR ASSET projects aim at contributing to improved food security in ASALs of Kenya
impacting the following six (6) outcomes:
Outcome 1: Improved pasture and browse production
Outcome 2: Improved diversification of food sources (increased crop production, incomes from
horticulture etc)
Outcome 3: Improved access to water for both human and livestock consumption
Outcome 4: Reduced environmental degradation
Outcome 5: Improved access to markets and other sources of food (feeder roads)
Outcome 6: Improved capacity of communities to implement food security projects.
In Makueni County, Food for Assets activities are implemented by two World Food Program (WFP)
Kenya Cooperating Partners (CPs) in the named districts curved out of the Makueni County as outlined
below coordinated by Arid Lands Resource Management Project II (ALRMP II) in Makueni:
- World Vision Kenya (WVK) in Kathonzweni & Mbooni East districts; and,
- Kenya Red Cross Society (KRCS) in Kibwezi district.
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17. 1.2 Problem Statement
Makueni is one of the marginalized Semi-Arid Environments (SAE) which covers more than 75% of
Kenya’s land surface area. The main challenge in SAE, which are amongst the poorest in Kenya is the
recurrence of extreme and contrasting weather conditions leading to endemic droughts, which
disrupt the vulnerable livelihoods systems, derived mainly form subsistence farming and livestock
production. This leads to poor human health, high child mortality, frequent migration to urban areas
and low children enrolment in schools. The fragile semi-arid ecosystem is also another challenge that
hinders meaningful development as unsustainable economic activities result in land degradation
which eventually leads to low productivity and desertification.
Makueni is generally a low-lying County, rising from about 500m above sea level at the lowlands of
Kathonzweni and Wote Divisions to 1,800m above sea level on Kilungu Hills. The County is made up of
three livelihood zones namely: marginal mixed farming, mixed farming (coffee/dairy/irrigation) and
mixed farming (food crops/cotton/livestock).
The general food security trend in the district is fairly stable in the mixed farming
(coffee/dairy/irrigation) livelihood zone but deteriorating in the mixed farming (food
crop/cotton/livestock) and the marginal mixed farming livelihood zones. The worse areas are
Kalawa, Nguu and Kathonzweni divisions.
The main source of water in the County is Athi River which is perennial. The river is joined by
tributaries such as Kaiti and Thwake Rivers, which drain from different parts of the district. A few
streams arise from the hills of Kilungu, but their flow becomes irregular down stream in the low-lying
areas. The County is usually prone to frequent droughts that are normally experienced on the lower
side of the district which are usually very dry and receives very little amount of rainfall mainly ranging
from 300mm to 400mm which is hardly enough to sustain any kind of crop and the major economic
activity being taken by the local people is small stock rearing.
Drought is a major cause of poverty in the County and the most vulnerable are women, youth,
children, the aged and the disabled. Many families lose their livestock and crops during
prolonged drought and water can only be got from very far. Money meant for gainful
development activities is used in the provision of relief food for the people during drought
period. This has impacted negatively on the efforts being made to reduce poverty in the district
and has also led to widespread rural to urban migration of the youth in search of better
livelihoods.
It has been established that the County has golden untapped potential for irrigated agriculture
along River Athi which if well utilized could lead to improved food security, poverty
alleviation and better livelihoods. ALRMP II has in the last 7 to 8 years established seven (7)
small scale irrigation schemes in the County which utilize the river ecosystem but these are not
adequate to cover for the needs of communities hence the need for up-scaling of similar
interventions for widespread impacts.
In response to these challenges and towards the development of a strategy towards the
improvement of the FOOD FOR ASSETs process in the County, ALRMP II – Makueni is
proposing through the DSG that a three-phased FOOD FOR ASSET integrated irrigation
programme be developed spearheaded by community with technical support from government
technical departments in partnership with the UNWFP, International NGOs, Local NGOs,
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ALRMP II and other stakeholders.
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18. 1.3 Objectives of the Concept
1.3.1 Broad Objective
The overall objective of the proposed intervention is to enhance agricultural productivity through
promotion of integrated irrigation farming contributing to poverty alleviation, food security and
sustainable livelihoods in semi-arid Makueni County.
1.3.2 Specific Objectives
The specific objectives of the proposed concept are to:
1. Develop a technical designs and operational framework for the utilization of River Athi for
irrigated agriculture in Makueni County.
2. Increase sustainable water availability for improved agricultural productivity and enhance the
efforts for a wider coverage and installation of efficient water use systems e.g. drip irrigation
systems;
3. Introduce alternative livelihood systems for improved food security, sustainable livelihood
diversification and income generation (e.g. drip irrigation, greenhouse technology, fish farming
etc) contributing to poverty alleviation in the region and reduced rural to urban migration of
youths;
4. Promote sustainable community development and economic growth of the semi arid agrarian
County.
5. Enhance productive collaboration, networking and partnership among different stakeholders
working in Makueni (e.g. NGOs, local council, government department, development partners,
etc.); and,
6. Document and share information and learning lessons among various stakeholders including
policy makers, development partners and other communities living in similar climatic conditions.
18
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19. 1.4 Justification
The main threat to food security in the County is the poor performance and distribution of rainfall
which leads to poor crop harvest and this proposal concept is aimed towards the development of a
FOOD FOR ASSET collaborative multisectoral - community driven approach towards introduction of
irrigation along Athi river to address this gap for improved food security, poverty eradication & better
livelihoods in the County.
The community driven approach will enhance ownership and sustainability of the project by the
communities while the integration of different sectors will lead to enhanced synergy and impacts. It’s
envisaged that the technical GoK departments will provide continuous support to the communities
through the provision of extension services and technical backstopping while the involvement of
NGOs and other stakeholders will improve co-funding opportunities, advocacy, improve replication
and prevent duplication of project activities by actors.
The types of irrigation systems and complementary technologies being proposed (e.g. canal irrigation,
drip irrigation & greenhouse technology) require minimum financial resources to sustain their benefits
and have income generating components for the target community as the irrigation will be carried out
in individual farms and the proceeds will go directly to the farmers, this will improve the living
standards of the target communities as well as provide financial resources required for operation and
maintenance. This means they are long term solutions to problems faced in the target areas.
These components also require limited maintenance that can be handled efficiently by the target
community. It is envisaged that the target communities will influence the neighbouring communities
towards adoption of project results to enhance widespread socio-economic impacts leading to
sustainable food availability resulting to reduced dependency of communities on food aid.
Adoption of the technologies in the targeted areas is also expected to be high due to the presence of
7 small scale irrigation schemes along the river established by ALRMP II. Phase 1 has been designed to
mainly cover Kathonzweni district as 4 out of 7 of the schemes are located there hence there will be
minimized adoption constraints.
Finally, the proposed intervention will lead to realization of Makueni County/district vision as outlined
in the MAKUENI DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN (2008 – 2012): To be a leading district in agriculture
1
and livestock production for the welfare of the inhabitants . This will be achieved by integrating the
following into the activities:
Incorporating the development of fish ponds for income generation. This will further lead to
reduced human Vs. marine life conflict as the creation of water diversion canals will imply that
human interference through fishing, fetching water, direct abstraction etc is checked;
Extension of the project to cover schools in the proposed project areas. This will improve
production of vegetables in the school gardens to supplement the diet given in the school
feeding programme which lacks vegetables;
Construction of feeder roads for improved accessibility to markets will be enhanced.
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1
Makueni District Development Plan 2008 – 2012 Page iii. By Office of Prime Minister: Ministry of State for
Planning, National Development and Vision 2030.

20. 2.0 METHODOLOGY
2.1 Project Components
This concept proposes segmenting the project into three key phases, namely;
Phase I: Baseline surveys to review past and existing irrigation technologies,
Feasibility studies to design and formulate viable irrigation technologies,
stakeholders workshop for devising detailed implementation plan and
generation of detailed proposal for Phase II based on findings.
Phase II: Fund raising, Detailed EIA and Implementation
Phase III: Replication, Reflection, Review, Re-design and documentation
of lessons learnt
2.1.1 Phase I
Phase I will entail a detailed evaluation of existing irrigation practises/systems carried out along River
Athi banks across Makueni County and identification of adoption and replication constraints as well as
feasibility studies to design the viable approach. This activity will be carried out by a technical team
comprising of all stakeholders involved in the implementation of FOOD FOR ASSET activities in the
County (i.e. WFP/CPs, technical GoK departments, ALRMP II & communities) and other County
development partners. In order, to set realistic targets, it is highly recommended that piloting of
phase 1 will be carried out in Kathonzweni district because: the idea was conceived by the
Kathonzweni DSG and there’s the presence of most of ALRMP II funded small scale irrigation schemes
within the district boundaries therefore community will be more willing (Refer to the justification
above).
The key activities will be as follows:
2.1.1.1 Baseline Surveys
This will be undertaken by a broad based survey (BBS) team of experts from relevant GoK line
departments. The FFA project beneficiaries in the area will be taken through a participatory rural
appraisal (PRA) process by the team of experts and community action plans (CAPs) as well as
catchment mapping exercises will be undertaken. The presence of markets and other related
infrastructure to support enhanced production will also be covered under this and the team will also
sensitize the communities about the idea to determine the willingness levels for ownership and
sustainability.
This activity is expected to take ten (10) days in the field.
2.1.1.2 Feasibility Studies
This will be the key activity carried out as this will determine the viability of the interventions. A team
of experts from Ministry of Water & NEMA office will undertake this process which will entail detailed
topographical surveys. The results of these topo-surveys will determine:
- The best point to divert/obstruct the river flow to ensure flow is by gravity and coverage will
be maximized;
20
- The best course for the canal to follow for efficient irrigation and coverage;
- The types of soils in the areas and suitability for canal construction i.e. will the canal have to
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be lined or will an earth canal be adequate?

21. - Key environmental concerns that will be addressed and their mitigation measures;
2
- The detailed costing of Phase II (i.e. EIA and project implementation budget).
The feasibility studies activity is expected to take 30 days in the field.
2.1.1.3 Stakeholders Workshop
A one (1) day FOOD FOR ASSET stakeholder’s workshop will be held after the case/situational study
(baseline survey & feasibility studies) has been carried out for brainstorming purposes and
recommendations will be given out leading to development of a joint detailed implementation plan
for the most viable technologies.
3
P.E.S.T.E.L aspects of irrigated agriculture in the County will also be further exploited during this
workshop.
The workshop is proposed to comprise of 100 participants and will be used as a tool to draw up
support from development partners and stakeholders and enhance collaborations and synergy in the
process.
The participants will be drawn from:
- Provincial Administration i.e. DCs, DOs & Chiefs;
- Technical DSGs;
- UNWFP;
- CPs (i.e. WVK and KRCS);
- ALRMP II;
- Farmers/target communities (particularly those targeted in the on-going FFA activities);
- CDF/LATF representatives;
- Service providers (e.g. Kickstart, Amiran, Davis & Shirtliff);
- Representatives from research centres in the County (i.e. KARI & University of Nairobi Arid
Farming Research Centre in Kibwezi);
- Other development partners e.g. USAID/Fintrac, CRS, AMREF, Dorcas AID etc will also be
drafted in as possible future source of funding to the initiatives.
In order to enhance the availability of useful information on similar irrigation practises carried out in
other water scarce counties of Kenya for information triangulation and dissemination, its rproposed
that researchers from Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture & Technology (JKUAT) and University
of Nairobi involved in an on-going research project funded by the Commission for Higher Education
(CHE) on the development of alternative cost-efficient irrigation technologies in water scarce areas
2
The EIA exercise was moved to PHASE II because the exercise can only be carried out after the feasibility studies
have been done and detailed budget drawn up. i.e. the cost for EIA is usually 0.05% of the total cost of the project
21
for the NEMA project report.
3
PESTEL = Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal aspects
Page

22. of Kenya be invited as facilitators in the workshop to share their experiences on the subject. This
research has been on-going since 2007 and case studies have been carried out in Garissa, Yatta,
Laikipia West, Turkana & Taita Taveta Counties where useful findings that could greatly impact the
proposed activities have been made.
The timeline for phase 1 will be from FEBRUARY 2011 TO MAY 2011.
Outcome of Phase I
 CAPs & Catchment Maps produced;
 Detailed designs produced based on topo-surveys;
 Key environmental concerns addressed before hand awaiting EIA in Phase II;
 Stakeholders workshop held for information triangulation and discussion;
 Detailed Implementation Plan (DIP) drawn in consultation of all stakeholders detailing the
recommended activities for a way forward;
 A proposal for funding developed based on the above and submitted to UNWFP & other
donors for funding. The viable technologies considered should have SMART objectives and
should be labour intensive and in-line with the FOOD FOR ASSET guidelines.
2.1.2 Phase II
Phase II will focus on addressing, testing and piloting viable options and dissemination approaches.
This Phase will be carried out mainly in Kathonzweni district (where the idea was conceived and also
for the purpose of setting realistic goals) targeting FFA beneficiaries in the areas to be prioritized by
the technical DSG and FOOD FOR ASSET stakeholders based on geophysical, topographical surveys and
the reception/willingness of the target communities to undertake the activities.
Exposure visits of the technical DSG, FOOD FOR ASSET stakeholders and communities (major growers
along the river) will be carried out in this phase to other counties where similar irrigation activities
have been practised e.g. In Machakos County along the Yatta canal as well as in the MoW initiated
Kabaa canal and in the FOOD FOR ASSET initiated canal at Njukini in Taita Taveta County.
The timeline for this phase will be from JUNE 2011 TO MAY 2012.
Its further proposed that selected project sites targeted for implementation of year 2 (Oct 2011 to May
2012) FOOD FOR ASSET projects activities in the target sites will have a revision of their activities for
year 2 to bring on-board the proposed intervention which is expected to greatly enhance crop
production in the County i.e. outcome 2 of the FOOD FOR ASSET projects as mentioned in the
introduction section above.
Outcomes of phase II
22
 Fund raising;
 Capacity building;
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 EIA project report;

23.  Permit for water obstruction;
 Construction of diversion works/intake structures, diversion main canals, lateral canals;
 Provision of pumping sets, tanks, drip kits & greenhouses to farmers along the canal;
 Farm preparation, irrigation, planting, weeding and harvesting as well as extension services;
 ENHANCED water availability for multiple use i.e. irrigation for food & fodder production,
domestic/livestock use and income generation e.g. fish farming;
 Success Stories
2.1.3 Phase III
Phase III will involve mainly the replication and up-scaling of tested irrigation practises in various parts
of the County.
Up-scaling and replication will be carried out targeting the communities in other districts of the
County that lie along the river e.g. Mbooni East district (Kalawa) & Kibwezi district (Kibwezi &
Kathekani).
Outcomes of Phase III
 Replication;
 Celebrations;
 Reduced Rural to Urban Migration of Youths due to creation of more income generating
activities through enhanced irrigation;
 Documentation of lessons learnt
23
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24. 3.0 BUDGET FOR PHASE I
NB: Budgeting has only been done for Phase I because a detailed budget for Phase II can only be
developed based on the findings of Phase I. The budget below was drawn by a DPSC team consisting
of DDO, DWO, DAO, DLPO and ALRMP II representative.
PHASE ACTIVITY KEY INDICATORS TOTAL IMPLEMENTING PERIOD (Month)
COST
(KShs.) March 2011 April 2011
Wk Wk Wk Wk Wk 1 Wk Wk Wk
1 2 3 4 2 3 4
Phase I 1.1 Baseline Officers lunches = 12 officers X 120,000
Survey 1000 X 10 days
BBS, Community Fuel: 40lts X 10 days X 100kshs. 40,000
interviews,
market & Report writing = Stationery (4 18,915
infrastructure reams of paper for reports, 2
assessments, cartridges & tonners, 11
catchment Notebooks, 11 pencils & pens,
mapping, 3 Erasors & sharpeners
community
Subtotal 1 178, 915
sensitization &
awareness
creation
1.2 Feasibility Officers Lunches = 5 officers X 150,000
Studies 1000 X 30days
Topographical
surveys and Fuel = 40 lts X 30 days X 100 120,000
technical designs ksh
Production of technical designs 40,000
& reports = Stationery @
40,000
Subtotal 2 310,000
1.3 Stakeholders Hire of conference hall = 2000 2,000
Workshop X 1 day
Fare refund for 7,500
farmers/communities only = 25
farmers X 300 kshs
10 o’clock tea = 100 10,000
participants X 100
Lunch for participants = 100 20,000
24
participants X 200
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25. Water for participants = 100 7,000
participants X 1lt X 70
Stationery for 100 participants 10,000
@ 10,000
Facilitation fee for 3 invited 15,000
facilitators (UoN Kibwezi, KARI
& JKUAT/UoN researcher) = 3
facilitators X 5000Kshs X 1 day
Subtotal 3 71,500
GRAND TOTAL FOR PHASE I 560, 415
4.0 PROJECT IMPACTS
Enhanced community participation, contribution, social integration and project ownership and
project sustainability;
Increased water availability for multiple uses;
Improved food security and income generation activities e.g. fish farming leading to poverty
reduction;
Reduced rural to urban migration by youths;
Reduced human vs. marine life conflicts over river Athi ecosystem;
Improved water management and environmental conservation;
Appropriate water management technologies for diversified crop production e.g. drip irrigation,
greenhouse technology.
5.0 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
5.1 Challenges
 The initial costs for phase I and phase II are high and could be a disincentive to the
partners/donors to fully support the project.
5.2 Opportunities
 The County has continually faced sinusoidal droughts over the last few decades. Majority of the
households have had to dispose of household items/livestock as a coping strategy. Therefore the
institutional memory of majority of the community members is to invest on sustainable drought
mitigation at all cost;
 All development partners especially the DSGs as well as communities are in full support of the
idea of irrigated agriculture;
 The presence of University of Nairobi Arid Farming Research Center as well as KARI centers in the
County will give the project support and competitive advantage towards obtaining latest
technologies;
 Makueni County borders the Yatta plateau that provides suitable terrain for canal irrigation.
25
Furthermore, the proposed sites for Phase I & II (i.e. Kathonzweni district) are generally low-lying
Page
lands therefore the terrain will be suitable (Refer to Introduction section);
 The County is inhabited by Agrarian Bantu ethnic group that will readily accept the idea;

26.  The presence of functional ALRMP II small scale irrigation schemes in the target areas is also an
added advantage.
6.0 CONCLUSION
We look forward to the project concept approval to enhance water supply for irrigation, food security,
poverty alleviation and sustainable development in marginalized Makueni County.
Our interventions will be based on proven past experiences from Makueni and other Counties,
focusing on integrated water resources management systems and introduction of complementary
technologies and alternative livelihoods systems. The participatory, integrated and multisectoral
community development approach being introduced has versatility in enhancing achievement of
MDGs and sustainable development in semi-arid and arid environments of Kenya.
26
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27. Israel to boost Kenya’s food security bid
By FELIX OLICK 16-02-2012, East African Standard
Israeli Ambassador Gil Haskel expressed optimism that with proper technology, Kenya has the
potential of turning into a highly successful agricultural nation.
“This country faces two huge challenges; food and border insecurity. However, the Israeli
Government is willing to cooperate with Kenya and assist,” said the envoy.
Mr Haskel, who took office six months ago, also noted that the flower industry, though one of
the leading in the world, still held great potential.
The envoy was speaking when he paid a courtesy call on Standard Group Deputy Chairman
and Chief Executive Paul Melly at the company headquarters on Mombasa Road, wednesday.
Also present was Haskel’s deputy, Yaki Lopez.
Melly acknowledged that Kenya had a lot to learn from Israel because of its robust economy
in areas of agriculture and technology.
He noted that huge chunks of fertile land had not
been allocated enough resources, saying that was the
reason unfavourable weather led to food deficiency.
“We should learn that nothing replaces hard work,
commitment and borrowing from international best
practices for sustainability,” declared Melly.
He said journalists from the media group would be
Standard Group Deputy Chairman sent to Israel to cover agriculture and technology
and Chief Executive Paul Melly issues to enable Kenyans learn from their experience.
presents a gift to Israel Ambassador
Gil Haskel during a courtesy call to Fight terror
the Group’s offices on Mombasa
Road, Wednesday. Also present was
Mr Francis Munywoki, Director, Value
and Innovation. [PHOTO: PIUS Haskel also urged nations to join hands in the fight
CHERUIYOT/STANDARD] against terror, warning that it should be of concern to
countries when main terror actors were merging to
perpetrate acts of violence against innocent civilians.
On the Palestinian question, Melly urged the warring parties to dialogue with a view of
reaching an agreement that would assure peace in the Middle East.
In reply, Ambassador Haskel acknowledged that lasting peace was possible, and echoed his
country’s position inviting the Palestinians to the negotiating table over the two-state
solution.
27
He, however, maintained that any bilateral agreements between the two parties must be
Page
devoid of third party linked to the region.

28. Giving the example of South Sudan that signed a secession agreement with the North, the
envoy noted that the region in dispute could be shared by the two states.
“The conflict of neighbours can only be resolved between neighbours. The Israeli government
has already indicated that they are ready for negotiations,” said Haskel.
28
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29. KENYA COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION
www.seedofpossibilities.org.uk
E-mail: admin@seedofpossibilities.org.uk
64 Upper Parliament Street,
Liverpool L8 7LF, United Kingdom
27th February 2012
The Ambassador,
Embassy of the State of Israel,
Bishops Road,
P. O Box 30354-00100,
Nairobi, Kenya.
Att. H. E. Gil Haskel.
Re: REQUEST FOR AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY ASSISTANCE;
KANINI KASEO – FOOD SECURITY PROJECT.
Your Excellency,
The Kenya Community Association (KCA) based in Liverpool, United Kingdom has noted with
great interest the statement (attached) reported in the East African Standard issue of 16
February 2012 on your meeting with Standard Group Deputy Chairman and CEO Mr. Paul
Melly.
Of special interest to KCA is your recognition that “Kenya has the potential of turning into a
highly successful agricultural nation” and also that “the Israel Government is willing to
cooperate with Kenya and assist”.
We have similarly noted the brief on the Agritech Israel 2012; 18th International Agriculture
Technology Exhibition 15-17 May 2012 featured on the Embassy website.
KCA in collaboration with its partners in Liverpool and working within the vision of food
security and empowering initiative in Africa under formation through the EU and other
countries in Europe launched a food security project, Kanini Kaseo Social Integration Centre
(self help group), at Kyunyu Village, Kathonzweni District 170 km out of Nairobi on 9 th
February 2012. We enclose a short video showing the extreme dry conditions, work being
done by the people and interviews with key leaders.
Kanini Kaseo project as per inauguration statement attached is intended to be the first step
towards a national program for food security in Kenya and through linkage to other parallel
efforts in other countries in Africa coordinated by the Barka Foundation in Poland form a
continent wide intervention in transforming Africa’s agricultural potential to sufficiency and
surplus in food production.
With this in mind, KCA based on your expressed desire invites you to provide technical advice
and all possible assistance to advancing our shared vision. KCA is implementing its mission in
Kenya as per the declaration attached through three Trustees; Sister Scholar Nganda, lecturer
at Kenyatta University; Hon. Peter Kiilu, MP for Makueni Constituency and Mr. Cleophas Kiio,
Director, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. The project has the backing of the
administration in Kathonzweni District and its people.
We do believe that the expertise of the agricultural sector of the State of Israel which has
been witnessed by one of our officials in a visit to your beautiful country if brought into this
29
project and initiative through your Embassy will have a critical and pivotal role in its success
thereby bring into being the common goal and objective of all partners of transforming Kenya
Page
and Africa in general into granary of food supply to other regions of the world. This would

30. result in Africa becoming SUPPLIER of food aid instead of RECIPIENT of food aid.
We look forward with thanks to your acceptance to the invitation and partnership.
Yours Sincerely
Baiba Dhidha Mjidho,
Chairman,
Emai: baiba.mjidho@seedofpossibilities.org.uk
cc
Sister Scholar Ngada,
Kenya University,
Nairobi Kenya.
The High Commissioner,
Kenya High Commission,
45 Portland Place,
London, W1B 1AS.
United Kingdom. Att. H.E. Ephraim W. Ngare.
Fundacja Pomocy Wzajemmej “Barka”,
Ul. Sw Winncentego 6/9,
PL 61 – 003 Poznan
Poland. Att. Mr. Thomasz Sadowski.
The District Commissioner,
Kathonzweni District.
P. O. Box 1.
Kathonzweni,
Makueni County.
Kenya. Att. Mr. John Otieno.
30
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31. Bill Gates’ Sh16 billion grant to
boost farming
Bill Gates, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation co-president. Photo/FILE
By NATION REPORTER
Posted Thursday, February 23 2012 at 22:30
Small-scale farmers in developing countries will receive a Sh16.5 billion ($200 million)
grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to improve production
The foundation’s co-chairman Bill Gates said the funds would be re-invested in projects that
support the development of 34 new varieties of drought tolerant maize, livestock vaccine
and train some 10,000 “agro dealers to equip and train farmers” on better farming
methods.
Mr Gates, the Microsoft founder, made the announcement on Thursday while addressing the
International Fund for Agricultural Development Governing Council meeting in Rome, Italy.
The foundation has already spent Sh165 billion ($2 billion) to help lift the smallholder farmers
out of poverty, he said.
“The goal is to move from examples of success, to sustainable productivity increases, to
hundreds of millions of people moving out of poverty.
If we hope to meet that goal, it must be a goal we share,” he said.
He proposed the setting up of a public scorecard to measure how countries, food agencies
and donors were contributing towards the overall goal of reducing poverty.
31
“The scorecards will help each part of the system focus on its key contribution to the overall
goal, diagnose problems as they arise, and spread the most effective interventions,” he said.
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32. THE PROJECT FOR DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION EU-AFRICA ON SOCIAL ECONOMY
Vision
Stimulate Africa’s development towards self sufficiency and economic powerhouse
through social market economy.
Preamble
Africa is endowed with extreme wealth in the form of natural resources, diverse weather
conditions and creative peoples. Despite the abundance it contains, there still exists within it
extreme levels of marginalisation and deprivation among the majority of its population
compared to other developing economic regions.
The continent of Africa is estimated to have 7% of world oil reserve, 8% of natural gas
reserves, 13% of hydropower potential, daily solar radiation of 5-6 kW/m2, high wind energy
potential, 9,000 MW of geothermal sources. It has abundance of mineral deposits including
rare ones like coltan (57% of world production 2009), tungsten, platinum needed in the
technology industry. Africa has high availability of arable land area with adequate water
sources to sustain agriculture.
Two thirds of the population is rural depending directly or indirectly on agriculture for
employment and sustenance. However, modern infrastructure services are largely
inaccessible to them which limits the methods, means and thereby productivity of their
endeavours. It is estimated that 90% of the continents food supply is produced by small
holder rural farmers while 50% of the food insecure population are small holder farmers in
addition to the landless poor and urban poor.
Despite the above highly adverse and heart breaking scenario, agriculture in Africa accounts for
60% of employment, 20% of total exports and accounts for 17% of GDP. The potential of
agriculture towards Africa’s development has been recognised by both the AU and its various
development partners. Increase in investment in agricultural investment by 10% to spur and
sustain Africa’s growth ambition of 6% is part of vision captured in several plans including
CAADP pillar 3 FAFS, AU strategy plan 2010-2015, AU/EU strategy plan 2010-2013 and several
others.
These efforts recognise that 26% of African households have no access to electricity, 58% have
no access to clean water, 31% access to basic sanitation and only 18% of irrigation potential
exploited. In comparison to other developing economies 70-90% have access to electricity,
80% to clean water while 90% to proper sanitation.
The AU/NEPAD Strategy 2010-2015 states “Development in Africa would be meaningless if it is
not centred on the empowerment and wellbeing of the people of Africa especially the
32
marginalised and vulnerable groups and communities. Africa should invest in its human
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33. resources and ensure equitable access of its most disadvantaged and marginalised groups to
social services especially rural areas”.
This is reinforced by the following passage of the same document “ To address poverty and
hunger across the continent, sustained agricultural growth must be a high priority of every
African national and local government. Hunger undermines the health and people’s ability to
study and work. It leaches away enterprise, intelligence and energy. Hunger and
malnourishment devastate children, stunting their potential as adults and making it more likely
that their offspring will have to endure the same lifelong cycle of deprivation and hunger.
The challenges of productivity and profitability are not easily addressed, however. The
underdeveloped agricultural sector is characterised by poor farmers who are risk averse and do
not have the resources to invest in new technologies. There is over-reliance on primary
agriculture often practised on soils with low fertility and subject to environmental degradation.
About 95% of African agriculture is rain fed, thus making food production vulnerable to adverse
weather patterns.
Barriers to market access and penetration, such as poor market infrastructure and roads, lack
of information, inadequate policies, insufficient extension services and lack of consistent
market and phyto -sanitary standards increase the level of producer risk. With few resources to
counter the risk, producers generally rely on traditional methods of production and risk
mitigation strategies, such as small scale diversification, low cost input agriculture and
marketing products at the farm-gate. Programmes such as Participation of African Nations in
Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards Organisation (PAN-SPSO) and BecANet assist on a
continent basis.
Despite the Challenges facing Africans and African agriculture, the news is not all bad.
During the past decade, Africa’s agrarian economies have been growing. GDP has averaged
an increase of 6% per year and agricultural productivity has grown by 4-5% per year.
Average poverty levels have dropped by about 6% and proportion of under-nourished
Africans has declined from 36% to 32%”.
Quoting further from the same report it says “Unlocking the potential for growth in Africa’s
greatest asset is its youth. Education directly affects the quality and magnitude of Africa’s
social development among its youth and other participants alike. It has also been regarded as
the most potent weapon available for Africans to expand economic growth, raise living
standards, have greater freedoms of choice and compete in a global economy”. This aspect
has a correlation with agricultural performance.
Social Enterprise in the EU.
The Network of Social Enterprises URBACT II – Thematic Baseline Study October 2008 states
33
that the widely accepted legal definition of Social Enterprises is “organisations with an
explicit aim to benefit community, initiated by a group of citizens and in which the material
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34. interest of capital investors is subject to limits. They place a high value on their independence
and on economic risk-taking related to ongoing socio-economic activity.”
The same report states “From the standpoint of macro-economy, social economy in Europe has
a significant impact on both employment and economy in general. It is estimated that more
than 11 million people are employed in the sector of social economy, ie. 6.7% of EU employees.
These figures are significantly higher in the 15 “old” member states, where approximately 7% of
employees work in the sector of social economy, whereas this rate is
significantly lower (i.e. 4.2%) in the 10 new member states”.
Apart from creating employment and income, social enterprises have played a significant
role in mobilizing dormant “human capital” towards national economic growth. The range
of engagement is highly diverse, from rehabilitation of infrastructure, preservation of the
environment, rehabilitation of the marginalised in society, services to migrants and
refugees, training and investments in both low and high technology. Thus social enterprises
span all sectors.
The networks of social enterprises are extensive operating within themselves or in
collaboration and support of local authorities, national governments and regional bodies or
institution thereby facilitating cross-boarder exchanges. Within this facilitation of exchange
occurred the interaction between the Barka and Chara Trust.
The Barka Foundation based in Poznan, Poland has its origins in 1989 as a project rehabilitating
the marginalised in society. It has grown in stature and scope of operations influencing
legislation, with projects spanning agriculture,
IT, hospitality, construction and repatriation of Polish migrants within the EU. Their work and
operation model is highly acclaimed within and out of the European Union.
Chara Trust started its operations in Merseyside focussing on the Black Minority and Ethnic
community but networking widely. The services to the community detailed separately have
received wide acclaim. In its current offer of the “Steps to Success” funded by the EU through
the Social Enterprise North West it had an engagement with the Barka operations in Poznan
as part of its Transnational exchange.
The participants predominantly African in the three exchange visits between February and
September 2011 were highly impressed, captivated and enchanted by the content, variety and
outcome of the operations in Poznan. The delegates all professionals keen in social enterprises
included engineers, lawyers, IT, administrators, health and other disciplines. They were of
various nationalities and regions of Africa, east, central, west and south.
The value or capacity of economic and human transformation witnessed in the operations of
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Barka had a significant effect on the visitors and the captivating interest was noted by the host
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35. organisation. Thus a seed was born, can this “transformative vision, idea, model and
energising force” be transplanted to Africa?.
A collaborative intent of a broad based partnership for ”The project for development
cooperation EU-Africa on social economy” was conceived by the Barka Foundation, Chara
Trust, Mr. Jerzy Mankowski of Polskie Towarzystwo Ziemianskie (Poland land Owners
Association with 20 years experience of Cameroon), Dr. Filip Kaczmarek, EMP (in Kenya at the
time of the visit) and Dr. Killion Munyama, Member – Wielkopolska Parliament.
The founding institutions and individuals to the initiative Barka Foundation led by Mr. Thomasz
Sadowaski, Chara Trust by Mr. Godwin Bateren, Polskie Towarzytwo Ziemianskie by Mr. Jerzy
Mankowski, Dr. Killion Munyama in the absence of Dr. Filip Kaczmarek were hosted by Ms
Elzbieta Malik, Office Director in the EMP office on 10 Set.2011 where the acute need for
intervention in Africa was agreed by all.
The project envisaged to be “North South” initiative will be implemented across the entire
continent of Africa with the participation of 40 European and 40 African organizations. This
project anticipates to be implemented by close to 100 partners including local and national
authorities both in Africa and the EU.
Project Character
While initially the project is rooted on the publication of the EESC “Opinion of the European
Union on what role and perspectives for Africa’s social economy in development cooperation?”
2011/C 44/21) it was considered prudent to delve on wider views in the public domain
interacting within or with Africa which would have relevance to the project. The following were
reviewed and add value
1. CAAD Pillar III; Framework for African Food Security (FAFS), March 2009
2. Communities and Local Government; Community Enterprise Strategic Framework, Feb.
2010
3. G8, L’Aquila Joint Statement on Global Food Security; L’Aquila Food Security initiative
(AFSI), July 2009
4. G20, Action Plan on Food Price Volatility and Agriculture, June 2011.
5. G20 Ministers of Agriculture Must focus on smallholder Farmers to Achieve Food Security
and Prevent
Food Price Volatility; Press statement, June 2011
6. Germany and Africa: A strategy Paper by the German Government.
7. Hyogo Framework for Action 2005 – 2015; (International Strategy for Disaster
Reduction).
8. Joint Africa EU Strategy Action Plan 2011-2013
9. Nairobi Strategy – Enhanced Partnership to Eradicate Drought Emergencies; September
2011.
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10. The Social Economy – Africa’s Response to the Global Crisis; ILO October 2009
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36. 11. Speech by Mr. Luca Jahier, 19th Session of the ACP-EU Parliamentary Assembly, 31
March 2010.
12. The AU/NEPAD African Action Plan 2010-2015, Advancing Regional and Continental
Integration in Africa.
13. URBACT II – Thematic Network Baseline Study, Network of Social enterprises, October
2008
Identification, selection and validation.
While we have a talented multidiscipline group of African content in core partnership and
wide source of information above, there is need to validate the enumerated needs in Africa
which the project will achieve the highest impact and effectiveness. Without prejudice to the
exploratory visit, the documentation points towards agriculture where the Barka Foundation
has working competence in rehabilitating neglected farming assets in Poland.
Similarly it would be essential to meet potential partners both Government and Social Economy
operatives in
Africa in order to establish working relationship as well as prioritise implementation parameters.
This exploratory study visit of 10 – 14 days to 5 Africa countries in East, Central, South and
West is proposed between December 2011 and January 2012. The visit would result firm
project proposal of 3-5 years continent wide.
Upon conclusion of the Africa visit, a detailed comprehensive project proposal for presentation
to funders within the EU and beneficiary communities and governments in Africa will be drawn
out by March 2012. In the meantime, where applicable, high impact projects identified during
or within the evaluation window and sponsors (funders) are available would be implemented.
Merseyside Barka/ Chara Trust Cooperation.
Chara Trust and participating members have highly beneficial community based service in
Merseyside. They are actively sensitising the BME community as well as indigenous
population on the enormous potential available through social enterprises. The efforts need
support and encouragement.
Further more the success of Barka in encouraging Polish migrants to return can be extended to
African who could have better quality of life in Africa due to changed circumstances or the
positive outcome of African project.
Cooperation, linkage, funding of Merseyside operations through the Partnership formed is an
area of high priority.
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37. Plus Dane Group Speech Monday 16Th January 2012.
Mr. Ken Perry; CEO Plus Dane Group
Mr. Gerald Murden; MD Plus Dane Group, Merseyside
Ms Jane Phillips; MD Plus Dane Group, Housing
Mr.Mark Browne; Riverside Housing
Managers and officers of Plus Dane Group, Mrs. Jane Njeri Muchina; Vice Chair - Kenya
Community Association, Fellow Leaders of the Kenya Community Association, Ladies and
gentlemen.
On behalf of the Trustees, Executive Board and members of the Kenya Community Association
we feel highly honoured and privileged for the invitation extended to us by the Plus Dane Group
Management and especially being hosted personally by its Chief Executive Officer and senior
Directors. The entire community takes special note of this fact and at the outset express our
profound and sincere thanks and appreciation.
Under its Neighbourhood Investor philosophy Plus Dane Group offers holistic services not only to
those whom it provides shelter or uses its services but has its core value to uplift the standards of
the society where it operates and by association others whose lives are touched or influenced by
those it associates with. In so doing the depth and reach of these activities are extensive and
broad based some of which are visible, tangible, quantifiable while others are indirect thereby
may not be directly attributed to the programmes and activities.
The Kenyan community has 10 to 15 families that are tenants of Plus Dane some of whom had
occasion to participate, interact or get involved in the programmes and initiatives within the
neighbourhoods they live. Through these activities managed by Maureen Chendo bonds
developed between the Kenya Community Association and Plus Dane Group.
The Kenya Community Association vision statement is "To empower Kenyans achieve and
maximise their potential" which is anchored on its core belief "You are a seed of possibilities".
The Kenya Community Association therefore acts as a platform or medium that empowers its
members or society to release the potential of possibilities within them to reach or achieve
maximum potential. There is therefore convergence and complementarities between the Kenya
Community Association and Plus Dane Group on how it views and deals with society. It is our
hope that we can strengthen this collaboration through implementing joint intervention
community programs aimed at building effective local alliances here in Liverpool and in marginal
areas of Africa.
The Kenya community Association improves the quality of life of Kenyans and the wider
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community in Merseyside through lifelong learning education training that promote health and
wellbeing, economic empowerment saving groups and focus on promoting social–cultural
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wellbeing through the community choir. Youth programs (football) encourage excellence in

38. education; promote responsible citizenship and good neighbourhood. Parents strive to promote
responsible parenthood by seminars supporting and strengthening family units. Our success and
achievements are driven by working in partnership with other agencies and this function is a
typical example
I am pleased to state that our youth programmes are a success. Our Vijana Football Club despite
its limited resources has excelled and won numerous trophies and are highly regarded. The youth
academic performance has been exceptionally good with many of them joining universities here
in the city and elsewhere. This is underscored by one of the graduating last year from John
Moore with First Class Honours Bachelor of Science degree in Information Technology
Engineering.
The Kenya Community has carried out a number of Nutrition, Health and Wellbeing projects
within the past two years funded by various organisations. With a pool of over 20 RGN and other
professionals within its members there is capacity to increase our programmes. We are at
preliminary stage of exploring collaborative project on impact of community organisations with a
major University. The capacity of our community is illustrated by the skills present before you:-
1. Baiba Mjidho - Corporate General Management, Chair;
2. William Gitau, Chair-Agape;
3. Rose Ocholla - RGN, Chair- Ushirika Wetu;
4. Alice Gitau - RGN, Choir & Ushirika Wetu;
5. Maj (Rtd) Sam Ndebu - M.Tech, Vice Treasurer;
6. Gilbert Ngatia - M.cooH & RGN, Programmes Director;
7. Joseph Kambo - BA, Administrator/Tutor, Secretary;
8. Jane Muchina - RGN, Vice Chair & Police Representative;
9. John Baraza - Food Technolgy, Student, Social Enterprise;
10. Beth Kamau, RGN, Dip Counselling, BSc, Post graduate student, Youth Counsellor;
11. Rev. (Dr.) Stephen Gitonga – B.Ed, BA, MA, PhD, Church Minister, Board-Health & Safety.
The foregoing is an illustration of some of our activities. I am pleased to note from the Plus Dane
Group website the support of youth initiatives, sports, working for real change as well as Health
and wellbeing are among your offer to the community and society in general. This illustrates and
confirms convergence or elements of commonality between Plus Dane Group and Kenya
Community Association that creates synergy for far reaching and empowering cooperation and
joint projects.
Today's function is based on an encounter in response to human need following acute drought
conditions in Eastern Africa whereby our motherland Kenya was affected. We are pleased to
acknowledge and appreciate the humaneness exemplified by Plus Dane Group and its associates
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in the fund raising that resulted in the £3,000 you will shortly handing over to us. In Africa there
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is a say that states "if you cannot remember me while I am far away, you won't even if I am

39. beside you". You action today gives meaning to this statement but above all confirms the values
your company values.
On behalf of the people of Kenya, the community that will be recipients of this aid and the Kenya
Community Association we say "Asante sana na Bwana awabariki". This statement of gratitude
and prayer we have faith God will reward you in return.
We further acknowledge the efforts of all those who worked so hard to make the fund raising
event so welcoming, enjoyable and exceptionally successful. While it is impossible to
acknowledge all individually, we wish to thank Barry Callows, Julie Andrews, Emma Sneyed,
Donna Owool, Victor, Mark Browne and Maureen Chendo. Special thanks to the Pakistani, Yemen
and Kenya ladies who worked so hard.
In receiving these funds, I give an assurance and pledge on behalf of the Kenya Community
Association that the money will be disbursed for the intended purpose of food and material aid
to a deserving community in arid Kenya within 4 months.
I will end my remarks by calling upon Mrs Beth Kamau our Youth counsellor to present tokens of
appreciation from the Kenya Community Association.
Thank you.
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40. THE TWO NGADZI; IMPACT AND EFFECTS OF MIGRATION ON COMMUNITIES
During a meeting held at the Liverpool School of Management between Prof. Elena, Dr. Kristian
and representatives of the Kenya Community Association the issue of enculturation of
communities through migration received brief mention. I have for some years been fascinated by
demise of the Kidjo, a society within the Pokomo people of the Tana River District of Kenya.
The Kidjo were the supreme society wielding enormous power and privileges within the tribe.
The Kidjo as an institution of final say in all issues of the tribe also performed religious duties. The
Pokomos were very religious and believed in God who was invisible without any physical
representation. This means there were no statues or objects that one used for direct worship to
the creator.
However, like all human communities world over, the element of mystery that fills the void of
intrigue the need or sense of something spectacular that distinguishes the members or group
was not overlooked. This void was filled with the “Ngadzi” or “Ngadji” depending on the tribe’s
cultural and linguistic variation.
The sound of the Ngadzi was used for official ceremonies of the Kidjo but its identity was highly
guarded. Its nature, form or shape was protected secret and select few of the highest order had
access to it. It took years to reach this status and when the time came it called for special
ceremony “kuyumia Ngadzi”. The story was many would cry for what they saw was not what they
visualized, however, they were pacified or comforted by the promise of the privileges that go
with the status.
To divulge, describe, accidentally come across or have unauthorized access of the Ngadzi was
punishable by being swallowed by the Ngadzi (death). When the unit was transferred from one
locality to the other, a curfew was declared within the corridor of its passage. The curfew applied
to all irrespective of heritage. When European influence reached the Pokomo, the Kidjo expected
the colonial representatives (administrators) to be subject of the curfew when and where it was
declared without reference to any party.
This did not go well with the District Commissioner representing the Governor and by extension
the Sovereign, Queen Victoria of the British Empire. Tribal oral history records the District
Commissioner duping the Kidjo to hold a ceremony during which soldiers rounded the village and
annexed the Ngadzi at gun point. Realizing superior fire power of the guns, the Kidjo surrendered
under conditions that it would not be publicly displayed within Pokomo territory and also would
be covered while in transit.
Oral history ends with the unit being held at the District Commissioner’s Headquarters at Kipini in
Tana River District. This unit now lies in the British Museum in London artifact reg. nr.
Af1908.0723.93 donated (gifted) to the Museum in 1908 by Sir. Alfred Claud Hollis.
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41. The British Museum identify it as “Friction drum made of wood, acquired in Kenya, made by the
Pokomo and adds “notice any mistake?, have some extra information about the object? Please
contact us”.
As indicated above the Pokomo had consciousness of God unrepresented by any material object
even though they had the “Ngadzi” - mystery. The interface of Christianity and Islam had a
transformative effect. Islam which was transmitted by the Arab intervention along the East
African coast was combative or abrasive and therefore resisted especially by the upriver
communities who elected to trade as equals without the Arabs entering their territories.
The Christian Missionaries whose arrival is recorded as 17 th March 1887 had different approach.
They realized the sophistication of the people highly developed culture. This ranged from the
tribal governance, family values, belief and understanding of God. Thus they learned the
language, customs and culture. Taught the people to read and write and translated the Bible in
one of the Pokomo language variance.
But this in its self was not enough to win hearts for transformation for they shared or possessed similar
hope and knew all along of an afterlife about existence bestowed by God. They therefore had to provide
linkage that in Christ there was fulfillment and revelation.
Photographs of the late Prof. Thomas Geider had something curious, the picture of “Ein Ngadzi
Instrument” published in “Missions – und Heidenbote Vol.29 No. 9 of 1907” bears similarity or is
identical to the his picture of August 1981 of “Ngadzi Friction Drum – Ethnographical Museum,
University of Oslo, Norway. In the 1981 image the drum has two of its rope coils intact but the
third is displayed together with the flutes. In the 1907 picture two people are demonstrating how
it functions in front of a huge structure.
Missions – und Heidenbote, 1907. (Background, Dase of the Kidjo
or sanctuary).
Prof. Thomas Heider, Oslo Museum, August 1981
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