1. Intranet, Web 2.0 and
Enterprise 2.0
The impact of ICT on the Organization
Andrea Pesoli
Como, 5th June 2008 Politecnico di Milano
andrea.pesoli@polimi.it
2. Agenda
• ICT as an organizational variable (B2e)
• Intranet
• Web 2.0
• Enterprise 2.0
• Case study
3. Emerging trends in work organisation
Mobility Turnover
Dispersion
Teamworking
Process management
Networks
4. ICT as an organizational variable
In the knowledge society ICT can play a key role as
an organizational variable as it may:
• Make decision-making processes more agile and
effective
• Promote more sustainable and new forms of work
organization
• Foster innovation and change
5. ICT is a key factor in designing
the future organization, the
virtual workplace
12. A set composed by a
company network (private
computer network),
protected from external
world with devices called
“firewalls”, and a group of
applications provided using
typical technologies of
Internetworking (based on
Internet communication
standards).
William Safire, 1994
13. All the web technologies-based
ICT applications/services that
support business processes and
which an organization can present
to employees.
14. In other words, an Intranet is a way
of thinking and organizing people,
work and interaction.
16. Intranet as Virtual Workspace
Enterprise! Communication!
services! and socialisation!
Access to employees Support to internal
services! communication and
socialisation!
Access to ! Support in knowledge
operative informations management and group
and applications! collaboration!
Working! Knowledge and!
tools! collaboration!
17. Intranet as Virtual Workspace
Enterprise! Communication!
services! and socialisation!
Access to employees Support to internal
services! communication and
socialisation!
HR desk - timesheet, expense
allowances, job postings, ...
Facility desk - meeting room
bookings, purchasing requests, IT
help desk, library system, ...
Access to ! Support in knowledge
operative informations management and group
and applications! collaboration!
Working! Knowledge and!
tools! collaboration!
18. Intranet as Virtual Workspace
Enterprise! Communication!
services! and socialisation!
Access to employees Support to internal
services! communication and
socialisation!
Institutional communication -
suggestion boxes, employees’ forums,
workplace climate survey, ...
Socialization - leisure-time
forums, bulletin boards,
championships, ...
Access to ! Support in knowledge
operative informations management and group
and applications! collaboration!
Working! Knowledge and!
tools! collaboration!
19. Intranet as Virtual Workspace
Enterprise! Communication!
services! and socialisation!
Access to employees Support to internal
services! communication and
socialisation!
Collaboration - project
management, calendar or document
sharing, SMS, instant messaging and
videoconference, ...
Knowledge management -
forum, mailing list, blog, wiki,
document management systems, e-
learning platforms, ...
Access to ! Support in knowledge
operative informations management and group
and applications! collaboration!
Working! Knowledge and!
tools! collaboration!
20. Intranet as Virtual Workspace
Enterprise! Communication!
services! and socialisation!
Access to employees Support to internal
services! communication and
socialisation!
Informative - procedural and
operational manuals, product and
service catalogues, information on
suppliers and customers, business
reports, market and competitor
analysis, ...
Transactional - e.g. the web-
desk for a bank or case-history
management for a hospital, ...
Access to ! Support in knowledge
operative informations management and group
and applications! collaboration!
Working! Knowledge and!
tools! collaboration!
21. Virtual Workspace Orientations
Enterprise! Communication!
services! and socialisation!
Access to employees Support to internal
services! communication and
Worklife socialisation!
Individual Interactions
Support in knowledge
Access to !
operative informations Job management and group
and applications! collaboration!
Working! Knowledge and!
tools! collaboration!
22. The evolution of an Intranet
Value of
the intranet
Advanced
Composite
Focused
Embryonic
Time
29. Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer
industry caused by the move to the internet as
platform, and an attempt to understand the rules for
success on that new platform.
Chief among those rules is this: build applications that
harness network effects to get better the more people
use them.
Tim O’Reilly, 2004
36. Web 2.0 key principles
Openness
Decentralization of authority
Freedom to share and
re-use
37. Humans suffer from
information overload:
there’s much more
information on any
given subject than a
person is able to access
As a result, people are
forced to depend upon
each other for
knowledge
38. Know-who rather than
know-what, know-how
or know-why
information has become
most crucial
It involves knowing who has the needed
information and being able to reach that person
39. Strong ties involve time, emotional intensity,
intimacy and reciprocation
People connected by strong ties tend to form
clusters that exhibit high levels of redundancy
40. absent
strong tie
weak tie tie
Weak ties are acquaintances who are not part of your
closest social circle, and as such have the power to act
as a bridge between your social cluster and someone
else's
41. “Within a social network, weak ties are more powerful
than strong ties. They are indispensable to individuals’
opportunities and to their incorporation into
communities while strong ties breed local cohesion. “
Granovetter (1973)
42. “New” Technologies
• Rich Internet
application techniques,
• Extensive use (in the
folksonomies
of
optionally Ajax-based form of tags or
tagclouds, for example)
• CSS
• Semantically valid • Use ofcompletely or
either
wiki software
XHTML markup and partially
the use of Microformats
• Syndication and • Weblog publishing
aggregation of data in
RSS/Atom
• Mashups
• REST or XML
WebService APIs
43. Folksonomy (also known as collaborative tagging, social
classification, social indexing, and social tagging) is the
practice and method of collaboratively creating and
managing tags to annotate and categorize content.
47. Business Model
User
Co-creative Long
Generated
processes Tail
Content
48. “The central idea of
Open Innovation is that
when companies look
outside their own
boundaries, they can
gain better access to
ideas, knowledge, and
technology than they
would have if they relied
solely on their own
resources.”
Brown, Hagel (2006)
60. E2.0 is a set of organizational and technological
approaches steered to enable new organization models,
based on open involvement, emergent collaboration,
knowledge sharing, internal/external social network
development and exploitation.
Wikipedia, 2007
61. Blog Collaboration Tags
RSS
Wiki Long Tail
Peering
CSS
Social
RIA networking Open API
Virtual world
Sharing Mashup Ajax XML
68. Emerging models for Enterprise 2.0
Open belonging!
Global! Social!
mobility! networking!
Adaptive! Knowledge!
reconfigurability! networks!
Emergent!
collaboration!
69. The Social Enterprise
Open belonging
Global Social
mobility networking
New collaboration,
knowledge sharing and
Adaptive Knowledge
relationship schemes
reconfigurability networks
Emergent
collaboration
70. The Open Enterprise
Open belonging
Global Social
mobility networking
Expansion and opening of
organisational boundaries
Adaptive Knowledge
reconfigurability networks
Emergent
collaboration
71. The Adaptive Enterprise
Open belonging
Global Social
mobility networking
Flexibility and
reconfigurability in
Adaptive Knowledge
process management
reconfigurability networks
Emergent
collaboration
74. The Enterprise 2.0 infrastructure
WEB 2.0
User in the Net!
(Internet, Intranet, Extranet, …)!
Rich User Experience!
Business Process ! Mashup !
QoS, Security, Monitoring, Identification!
Enterprise Service Bus!
Choreography! Assembly!
SOA Mashup
Mashup!
Service Layer!
Processing!
Mashup!
Component Layer!
Component!
Information!
Bottom Layer!
Access!
Legacy 2! CRM!
Internet!
SCM! External data and services!
Legacy 1! ERP!
Infrastructure Layer!
Virtualization
Inside! Outside!
75. The role of Management
• Start with a pilot or a small group of highly
committed people
• Help the internal clients understand the benefits of
these new technologies, as they will in turn
contribute to spreading them in all the
organization
• Be a champion of the technology
• Encourage the use of the new tools
• Carefully plan the change management process
• Do not expect results in little time
83. References
• Enterprise 2.0: The dawn of emergent
collaboration (MIT SMR, 2006)
• Blog
• Dion Hinchcliffe http://blogs.zdnet.com/Hinchcliffe
• Andrew McAfee http://blog.hbs.edu/faculty/amcafee
• FastForward www.fastforwardblog.com
• Globally Local - Locally Global http://netjmc.typepad.com
84. Case study
• Blogs@Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein
• Wikis@Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein
85. Assignment
• Which of the emerging needs blogs and wikis are
supporting inside Dresdner?
• Which are the main benefits of the two
technologies?
• How we can ensure the success of the
organizations blogs/wikis both in the short term
and in the long term? Which could be their
organizational impact?
• Which are the main barriers to the introduction of
these new tools?
86. Main barriers
Little comprehension of 51%
the benefits
Difficulty in itentifying the 48%
economical returns
Organizational changes 37%
Low inclination to sharing and 31%
collaboration
No business relevance 23%
Lack of sponsorship 18%
Knowledge of the 15%
technologies
HIgh level of initial 14%
investments
Technological barriers 8%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Sample: 65 CIO
(2008)