Transaction analysis

Infinity Business School

Personality Enhancement Program
(PEP I)
Neeraj Batra / Session 01


PEP I

TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS (TA)
Understanding Personal & Interpersonal
Relationships

Neeraj Batra/ Transactional Analysis


PEP I
Introduction

o Concept By Eric Berne, Father Of Personality Analysis
o Tracks the concept of Identity and its key components
o Conventionally Adolescence is a period of Identity Crisis
o It is the Twilight period between Childhood and Adulthood
o Berne however felt that stress and conflict persists perpetually
o He divided each personality into three components-Parent, Adult &
Child



PEP I
The Components

o Each personality is an amalgam and interaction of these three
components
o No one has a single, solid, consistent character at all times
o This creates dissonance and Identity crisis even for adults
o The personality Berne felt is more fluid and not solid and consistent
o We may at times act childlike (selfish), adult like (realistic) and Parent
like (preachy)
o These three "ego" states are the main basis for TA



PEP I
Other Key Concepts

o A Transaction : communication/inter exchange between people
o TA involves analyzing the ego states people are transacting in
o The concept of Life Script- the predominant way we conduct our life
o This is a pre-conscious life plan on the way we live our lives
o Many of these stem from self limiting decisions made in childhood
o Concepts such as Strokes, Stamp Collection and Games (Socially
dysfunctional behaviour)



PEP I
The Parent
o The Parent is an iconic status symbol
o Demands conformity, control and authority
o Uses sanctions, rewards and encouragement
o Through absorbed conditioning we sub-consciously pick our parents
behaviour patterns
o Our Parent personality accordingly has a huge memory of recorded
playbacks
o Parent personalities : linked with "How to", "Never", "Don't" and
"Under no circumstances"
o Further classified into the Nurturing Parent & The Controlling Parent



PEP I
Nurturing & Controlling Parent

o The Nurturing Parent is encouraging, overprotective, rewards and
passes good morals
o Although the Nurturing Parent cares for the Child it can Smother the
Childs development/initiative
o The Controlling Parent is strict and judgmental
o Wants the Child to succeed on the Parents index and terms
o The Controlling Parent does not tolerate arguments very well: Can
lead to Apathy



PEP I
The Adult

o Our ability to think and act based on data and situations is our Adult
ability
o This is adapted Vs learnt behaviour
o The Adult is seldom emotional and is detached
o Adults are preoccupied with handling stimuli and taking decisions
o The Adults style is more "How do you say that", "What makes you
so sure"
o Adults are calm not easily swayed by rhetoric and involve active
listening



PEP I
The Child

o Our Internal Feelings to external events is our Child status
o The Child is in control when anger, despair and excitement is
dominant
o The Child uses instinct, impulse and emotion for transacting
o Berne identifies 3 Child States of Natural Child, Adapted Child
and Lawyer Child



PEP I
Natural, Adapted Child
o THE NATURAL CHILD
Curious, Inquisitive, Trusting, Loving and Aggressive

o THE ADAPTED CHILD
Has learnt how to deal with adults
Procrastinates (no trouble if you don’t take decisions)
Is a dreamer (expression of hidden desires)
Is compliant (Eager to Please)



PEP I
Lawyer Child

o THE LAWYER CHILD

Always seeks transgression
Seeks forbidden rules
Seeks this transgression :
- without breaking laws
- or without detection



PEP I
Summary

o The Parent is thus our "TAUGHT CONCEPT OF LIFE"
o The Adult is our "THOUGHT CONCEPT OF LIFE"
o The Child is our " FELT CONCEPT OF LIFE"



PEP I
PARENT
Natural Parent Controlling Parent

ADULT

CHILD
Natural Child Lawyer Child

Adapted Child


PEP I
Transactions: Key Concepts

o Verbal Communication emotes 7 % thru words, 38 % thru
paralinguistic and 55 % by gestures
o The Person sending the stimuli is called an Agent
o The person responding is called a respondent
o Interpersonal skills breakdown when our alter ego state clashes with
the respondents
o This may happen as agents or as respondents
o Transactions can be broken into Complementary and Crossed
Transactions



PEP I
Complementary Transactions
o For successful interpersonal/communication skills Transactions
must be Complementary
o Adult To Adult
o These also happen if they go back and forth from a receiving ego
state to the sending ego state
o Parent to Child stimuli responded with Child to Parent would be
complementary



PEP I
Complementary Transactions

P P

A A

C C



PEP I
Crossed Transactions

o In Crossed Transactions there is averse reaction from one or
both parties
o These are transactions where alter ego states are at variance on
to and from inter exchange



PEP I
Crossed Transaction

P P

A A

C C



PEP I
Ulterior Transactions

o Ulterior Transactions are the most damaging.
o In these the same person displays two ego states
o Usually happens where you say something and mean or do another
o These cause huge interpersonal transaction breakdowns



PEP I
Stimuli of Adult, Child and Parent

o ADULT (PHYSICAL) - Attentive, interested, straight forward, non threatening

o ADULT (VERBAL) - Why, what, how, where, reasoned/ opinion statements

o CHILD (PHYSICAL) - Emotional, Despair, tantrums, shrugging shoulders,
squirming, giggling

o CHILD (VERBAL) - I wish, I don’t care, whatever, Oh no, worst day/best day of
my life, superlatives

o PARENT (PHYSICAL) - Arms folded, finger pointing, threatening

o PARENT (VERBAL) - Don’t you dare, Should not, Without my permission,

T A helps an understanding based on stimuli on what alter ego state to adapt


Transaction analysis

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