The Economics of Rail and Metro Development discusses the importance of cities and efficient transport systems. Cities are integral to economic growth but also face challenges like congestion, accidents, and pollution. A sustainable transport system is needed to support economic development, enhance quality of life, and ensure safety. Public transport like rail and metro can help achieve these goals when integrated, high-capacity, and provide fast, convenient service. Successful systems require long-term strategic planning and adequate funding.
2. Playgrounds
Aircraft Field
Schools
Offices
Pedestrians Restaurants
Slow Traffic
Fast Traffic
Garage
Electric Trains Escalator Freight Area
3. Importance of Cities
• Cities are integral part of the economy.
• The majority of population live in the
cities (over %95 in Kuwait).
• Population, business, and commercial
and industrial activities have significant
impact on cities.
• Management of cities effects national
economic development of the nation.
• Cities must meet the needs of current
and future generations to secure the
well being of the community
• Cities reflects their political, social.
geography, and technology issues.
• Cities have shaped by the planning
philosophy, transport network and
building construction.
4. Urbanization Worldwide
Proportion of people in cities
1950 25%
52%
2012
2050 71%
Kuwait 95%
The top 30 World’s Largest Cities ranked by GDP, accounted
18% of the World’s GDP in 2008 and this will be increased.
Sources: UN and TrasUrban, 2012, and PricewaterhouseCoopers UK Economic Outlook 2008.
5. Challenges Facing Today Cities
Cities all over the world facing challenges such as :
• Cities can not operate and host the population and economic
growth without efficient facilities such as transport, housing..etc.
• Cities are the key source of GHG emissions, accidents, noise,G
and congestion.
• Cities need to efficiently manage the consumption of land and
natural resources.
• Due to their complexity, challenges facing today cities are
beyond traditional Government / Decision-maker policy and
planning approaches.
• Solution for challenges facing today cities are complex and fail
within the responsibility of various organisations. And this
needs non traditional actions.
7. Greenhouse Gas Emissions
The National Traffic
and Transport Sector
Strategy for Kuwait
2010-2020 aims to
reduce GHG emissions
which contribute to
climate change
Source: International Energy Agency and TransUrban, 2012
8. Road Fatalities by Region
ضحايا حوادث الطرق في الشرق األوسط في عام 0202
شرق
أسيا
الشرق
األوسط
86%
جنوب
أسيا
9. Sustainable Transport System
Cities need integrated and sustainable transport system.
(Sustainable Transport is a system which is economically viable,
Socially acceptable, environmentally friendly and safe now and for
the next generation).
Objectives of the Sustainable Transport
• Support economic development and population growth
• Enhance the quality of life
• Improve safety and security
• Improve transport opportunities for the community
• Provide accessibility
• Provide integrated planning and efficient management
• Facilitate competition in the global economy
• Maintain health and wellbeing of the population
• Secure Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability in the cities
• Provide continuous and acceptable finance
10. Obstacles of Transport Development
• Need to enhance planning and feasibility study methodology.
• Move away from the single-project approach, to integrate the
overall transport network.
• Need to move away from focusing on road construction only,
with insufficient attention given to important issues such as
public transport, maintenance …etc.
• Lack of an effective planning process, supported by
inadequate resources for in-depth research to understand
effectiveness of investments.
• Need for integrated data management system – to link
engineering, social, and economic issues.
• Need for capacity building.
• Need for road safety-conscious system, enhanced asset
management, and ITS use.
11. (2010 أفضل مدن بالعالم (من 041 مدينة - مجلة االيكونوميست
The Economist's World's Most Livable Cities 2010 (Top 10)
City Country Rating
Transport 1 فانكوفرVancouver Canada 98.0
Health
Education 2 فيناVienna Austria 97.9
Security
Tourism/Env
3 ملبورنMelbourne Australia 97.5
4 تورنتوToronto Canada 97.2
5 كالكاريCalgary Canada 96.6
6 هلسنكيHelsinki Finland 96.2
7 سدنيSydney Australia 96.1
8 بيرثPerth Australia 95.9
9 اديليدAdelaide Australia 95.9
10 اوكالندAuckland New Zealand 95.7
12.
13. Public transport
PP is a shared passenger service which is available for use by
general public in-city or inter-city. the
PP modes include :
buses, trams , trains, rapid transit (metro/undergrounds).
14. Best Practice of Public Transport
The International Association of Public Transport has identified 16
benefits of Public Transport.
1. PP adds value to developing new areas, e.g value of land. Developer can
jointly finance new transport infrastructure.
2. Light Rail helps in the development of city centres, e,g 14 cities in 20
years in the USA.
3. Pedestrians, buses, and trams making CBD attractive, for
tourism, business, environment...etc.
4. Fast links to airports and activity centres. In some cities PP carries 40%
of airport passengers.
5. Easy access to all modes by e-ticket. In HK smart ticket used by %85 of
passengers
6. Technology to better inform passengers , via monitoring centers, internet
and mobile.
15. Best Practice of Public Transport
7. Quality bus corridor, transport s 40-200% more passengers at peak
times. The number of single vehicle used minimized by %22 in 7 years in
Dublin.
8. Tram –suburban trains can use same railway lines.
9. Public transport becomes the preferred choice for every one if it is
quick, convenient, and safe.
Texas Transport Institute 2008
• Each 1% of regional travel shifted from automobile to public transit
increases regional income by US $3 million & generates nearly 250
additional jobs
• US $1 million for automotive expenditure generates 8 jobs while every
US $1 million for public transport expenditure creates 60+ jobs
18. Public transport in Singapore clean,
efficient, affordable, and air-conditioned.
5 m population
100% urbanized
Public transport users = 4 m
3325 km roads
Over 900000 vehicles
16000 bus and 14500 m/c
25000 taxi
63% of morning peak passengers. 221 road fatalities
2020 target = 70% 11000 road injuries
23. Features of Successful Modern Metro
Operation Issues
• Integrated system.
• Good customer service.
• High capacity and short journey time.
• Train Frequency.
• Accessibility of all stations.
• Safe and beautiful environment.
• Competitive fares.
• Excellent staff training and staff attitude
• Driverless system.
• Staff knowledge.
• Efficiency
• Non fare revenue: e.g over $300 m per annum in HK – Ads,
shops, telecommunication services.
• Fare revenue – over $1 billion in HK.
24. Features of Successful Modern Metro
Technical Issues
• 8 car train.
• Signaling system.
• Platform screen doors.
• Automatic platform gates.
• Automatic fare collection.
• Full disable access.
• Lighting and noise specifications.
• Fire system.
• Architecture finishing – clean, attractive.
• Energy saving.
• High speed lifts.
• Ongoing maintenance.
• Air-condition.
25. Features of Successful Modern Metro
Funding Issues
1. Sustainable funding and fare regulation to avoid decline in
quality and meet community needs.
(In some cases over 50% (extra) of the original investment
spent on maint, upgrading, service, operation during the 1st 15
years of operation).
2. Sufficient income, with 50% for operational need and some
saving.
3. Government subsidy for student, disables, .etc
4. Short-term and strategic planning.
5. Fares that increase gradually with agreed mechanism.
6. Sufficient fund for continuous growth in productivity and
service.
7. Efficient asset management system.
8. Emergency budget.
26. Requirements of PPP
• Ensure sufficient operational income.
• PPP fiancé must be repaid with interest.
• PPP for long term operation and maintenance was unsuccessful in some countries.
• PPP must support some local activities, e.g Enforcement.
PPP must support some local activities, e.g Enforcement.
Clear Efficient
Government’s
Guidelines Management
Commitment
System
Acceptable
Agreement Risk
Policy Efficient (based on Management
Framework consultation
Plan
assessment, and
obvious tender)
27. كوااللمبور – ماليزيا : واحدة من
أحسن 02 مدينة بالعالم بحلول عام
0202
– Malaysia new Plan
$60 Billion – 66% PPP
تخصيص حولي 06 مليار دوالر: 66% مساهمة
القطاع الخاص – بناء مترو وقطارات وطرق – 7 كم
خدمات مشاة – 01 مدن ترفيهية – حدائق عامة –
تطوير مراكز المدن - زيادة عدد العاملين من 5.2
مليون إلى 5.4 مليون – زيادة السكان من 6 مليون إلى
01 مليون
28.
29. Strategic Plan for Better Public Transport
الخطة لتنفيذية
• Integration with various modes and community features.
• Action plan to increase the market share.
خطة لزيادة استعمال النقل الجماعي
• Enhance safety and security – less crime.
• Sustainable enforcement and monitoring system.
• Continuous quality service to meet community needs.
تلبية احتياجات جميع أنواع مستخدمي النقل
• Assess pricing issues and understand potential competitor .
• Issue E-Card
• Provide attractive community information such as news, job
vacancies, service providers, through transport facilities.
• Develop customer service-oriented staff.
• Meet various users and community groups need.
• Establish link with stakeholders and community.
• Create call centre – information available at any time.
• Efficient financial plan.
31. MOI GSSCPD
National and Integrated Traffic and Transport 2010-2020
Strategy for Kuwait &
National Traffic Management Improvement 2010-2015
Project
مشروع اإلستراتيجية الوطنية الشاملة للمرور وقطاع النقل
0102-0202 في دولة الكويت
2015-2010 والمشروع الوطني لتطوير الحركة المرورية
32. مقارنة وفيات وإصابات حوادث الطرق في دولة الكويت عام
1102 مع الجرائم ووفيات المخدرات
Comparison of Road Fatalities and Injuries with Crime
6188
3913
394
84 8 61 73
جريمة قتل اطالق نار حريق عمد وفيات السرقات اصابات الطرق وفيات الطرق
المصدر: وزارات الداخلية والصحة وجريدة القبس المخدرات (اإلسعاف)
33. نسبة الزيادة في مؤشرات قطاع النقل خالل 2002-1102 في دولة
Transport Indicators Growth الكويت
002 302
371
751
941
211 311
2.2 كم 3.5
الطرق الناتج المحلي الحوادث المصابين السكان المركبات رخص القيادة المخالفات الوفيات
)1102( االجمالي )1102(
)1102(
34. Fatalities : 2015 Goal in Lin with UN Recommendations
& Current Trend الوفيات الحالية وهدف عام 5102 في دولة الكويت
Base
Year
494
460 447
410 407
374
322
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
35. Congestion االزدحام
Roads > 85% of Design Capacity
36. خطة الحكومة Government Action Plan
• National Strategy – with goals, interagency indicators,
and deadlines.
.إعداد وتنفيذ إستراتيجية وطنية شاملة للمرور وقطاع النقل
• Institutional Reform and Training.
.تطوير مؤسسي وتأهيل الكوادر
• Efficient Implementation Plan.
• Evaluation and Monitoring System.
.خطة تنفيذية فعالة خالل 0102-0202 وتقييم ومراقبة األداء المؤسسي
• Build sustainable transport system and move away from
traditional practice.
.بناء نظام نقل مستدام مقبول اقتصاديا واجتماعيا وبيئيا وذو سالمة عالية
• Ministerial Council Support (3 Resolutions).
.دعم مجلس الوزراء الموقر
37. National Traffic and Transport Strategy Vision
“Towards Sustainable and safe transport system for the current
and future generations in Kuwait”.
تحقيق نظام نقل مستدام وسالمة مرورية عالية لألجيال الحالية والقادمة في دولة الكويت
Sustainability
Productivity Integration Livability
Management
38. Key Features of the National Traffic
and Transport Strategy for Kuwait
• Establishment of new transport authority and sector
infrastructure.
• Human resources development.
• Transport – Land Use Planning.
• Integrated Data system.
• Road and Traffic Management – 1200 km new roads.
• Public Transport – system and services, bus, metro, rail.
• Freight Management.
• Road Safety.
• Intelligent Enforcement.
• Behavioral Change.
• Travel Demand Management.
• Urbanization.
• Emergency Service.
• Climate and Vehicle Emissions.
• Parking system.
39. • Minimize infrastructure costs
• Generate employment
• Minimize GHG emissions
• Achieve better use of land and
open spaces
• Minimize Accident
• Alleviate Congestion
45. بناء قوة عمل وطنية
Building National Work Force
500 Engineers and 3000 Police Officers by
2015
46. مشروع تصنيف
الطرق
Road
Classifications
الفوائد
• تحسين نقل األفراد والبضائع
• تقليل االزدحام
• تحسين كفاءة شبكة الطرق
• عزل النقل المحلي عن النقل
على الطرق السريعة
• تقليل حوادث الطرق
• تطوير نظام مواقف السيارات
47. مقترح حارة للمركبات التي تحمل أكثر من شخص
TDM Proposal
مركبة
حافلة
أجرة
االزدحام والطرق التي زادت طاقتها االستيعابية على 58%
48. بناء نظام توفير المعلومات الكترونيا للجهات المعنية
On Line Information System For all
متخذي القرار Agencies
الطوارئ
المواقع الجغرافية
الوزارات المعنية
النقاط السوداء
مكتب
اإلستراتيجية
خطوط النقل الجماعي
الحركة المرورية
Web Server
الحوادث واالزدحام
شبكات الطرق
حدود السرعة المحافظات
المعلومات االقتصادية
واالجتماعية
49. GISبناء نظام المعلومات الجغرافية في المرور والنقل
اإلشارات الضوئية
مواقف المركبات
مواقف المركبات
الطرق وحدود السرعة
50. المباشرة بنظام النقاط السوداء الوطني : حوادث الدهس والمصابين
المنقولين من قبل مراكز اإلسعاف إلى مستشفى مبارك 9002
Black Spots مارينا مول
محافظة حولي
حوادث الدهس
اإلصابات
52. دوريات مرور محافظة العاصمة
فترة بعد اإلفطار
Patrol Vehicles
الطرق وحدود السرعة
53. مثال على مشروع إدارة العمليات الميدانية
ومراقبة حركة المركبات
Tracking System
إسعاف
)1(
54. مشروع إدارة حركة المرور واالزدحام
Congestion and Transport Monitoring
ازدحام عالي
ازدحام متوسط
اليوجد ازدحام
Metro
55. Requirements of Sustainable Transport
System
متطلبات قطاع النقل المستدام
Integrated Transport Government Leadership قيادة حكومية
Strategy Interagency Agency coordination تعاون مؤسسي
Monitoring System تقييم التنفيذ
إستراتيجية شاملة لقطاع النقل
Efficient Action Plan Obvious role for each agency دور واضح لكل مؤسسة
Deadlines جدول زمني
خطة تنفيذية فعالة
Efficient Institutions No conflict of activities منع تشابك االختصاصات
Efficient Management إدارة كفوءة
مؤسسات كفوءة Efficient Staff كوادر كفوءة
56. Challenges Facing Implementation of Transit
Projects التحديات التي تواجه متخذي لقرار
• Balance interest of the Government, Community, National
Assembly, Private Sector, Investors and Users.
موازنة االهتمامات الحكومية والسياسية والمجتمعية ومتطلبات القطاع الخاص
• Efficient and Comprehensive Feasibility Study.
دراسة جدوى شاملة
• The unavailability of the expertise and staff shortage.
عدم وجود الخبرات
• Need for efficient implementation and monitoring system .
الحاجة إلى إمكانيات تنفيذية
• The relatively long implementation period of the project.
طول مدة التنفيذ
• The required legislation for construction and operations.
الحاجة إلى القوانين
• Potential construction impacts, e.g noise, congestion,..
النتائج السلبية مثل التلوث
• Need for efficient management team. الحاجة إلى إدارة كفوءة