How will the suggested H2020 strategy based on Smart City, contribute and implement the so-called Social Innovation; while facing realistic, economic and politically-driven issues in an increasingly territorially heterogeneous EU City-Regional current context?

1. Cri$cal
Social
Innova$on
in
the
Smart
City
era
for
a
City-­‐Regional
European
Horizon
2020
Igor
Calzada,
Ph.D.
PostDoctoral
Research
Fellow
at
the
University
of
Oxford
(UK).
Future
of
Ci?es
FoC
Programme,
COMPAS
&
InSIS.
&
Ikerbasque,
Basque
Founda?on
for
Science.
hLp://www.about.me/icalzada
hLp://www.igorcalzada.com
hLp://www.cityregions.org
European
Studies
Centre
–
St
Antony’s
College
University
of
Oxford
(UK)
12:30
th
January
2014
29

2. <
0
Introduc$on
>
1. Acknowledgement
2. Present
an
published
ar?cle
3. Open
floor
for
debate
about
H2020
&
PostCrisis
4. Link
with
H2020
and
present
my
Work-­‐In-­‐Progress
>
www.cityregions.org
Photo
by
@icalzada
while
field
work
data

3. <
1
Research
Ques$on
>
How
will
the
suggested
H2020
strategy:
• based
on
Smart
City,
• contribute
and
implement
the
so-­‐called
Social
Innova$on;
• facing
realis?c,
economic
and
poli?cally-­‐driven
issues
in
an
increasingly
territorially
heterogeneous
EU
City-­‐
Regional
current
context?
Calzada,
I.
(2013)
Cri$cal
Social
Innova$on
in
the
Smart
City
Era
for
a
City-­‐Regional
European
Horizon
2020.
P3T,
Journal
of
Public
Policies
and
Territories.
Social
Innova?on
and
Territory.
Nº6,
Winter,
pp.
1-­‐20.

4. <
1
Research
Ques$on
>
The
management
of
not
only
economic
but
also
democra$c
interdependence
must
be
at
the
heart
of
Europe’s
new
post-­‐crisis
poli$cs
Nicolaidis,
K.
(2013)
Of
Bread,
Games
&
Gladiators:
Why
magic
bullets
not
placate
EU
ci$zens
and
why
we
should
nurture
a
European
democracy
instead.
UCL
European
Ins?tute:
The
Eurozone
Crisis
and
the
Democra?c
Deficit

5. <
1
Research
Ques$on
>
<
5
Targets
for
the
EU
in
H2020
>
1.
Employment
Ø 75%
of
the
20-­‐64
year-­‐olds
to
be
employed
2.
R&D
/
innova$on
Ø 3%
of
the
EU's
GDP
(public
and
private
combined)
to
be
invested
in
R&D/innova?on
3.
Climate
change
/
energy
Ø greenhouse
gas
emissions
20%
(or
even
30%,
if
the
condi?ons
are
right)
lower
than
1990
Ø 20%
of
energy
from
renewables
Ø 20%
increase
in
energy
efficiency
4.
Educa$on
Ø Reducing
school
drop-­‐out
rates
below
10%
at
least
40%
of
30-­‐34–year-­‐
olds
comple?ng
third
level
educa?on
5.
Poverty
/
social
exclusion
Ø At
least
20
million
fewer
people
in
or
at
risk
of
poverty
and
social
exclusion
Source:
hLp://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/targets/eu-­‐targets/

6. <
1
Research
Ques$on
>
Graph
by
www.cityregions.org
project
Towards
a
City-­‐Regional
European
H2020
?
Figure
1.
Na$on-­‐
State
based
European
Ci$es
&
Regional
Forecasts
by
Oxford
Economics
Source:
hLp://www.oxfordeconomics.com/forecasts-­‐and-­‐models/ci?es/european-­‐
ci?es-­‐andregional-­‐forecasts/coicops
Figure
2:
#CityRegionalEurope
graph

7. <
2
Challenges
>
The
EU
is
dealing
with
two
main
strategic
societal
changes
&
challenges:
1
>
the
economic
challenge
>
Any
Social
Innova?on
which
does
not
consider
any
collec?ve
real
economic
alterna?ve
construc?vely
building
on
the
contradic?ons
caused
by
the
recession,
is
simply
not
going
to
be
valid
anymore.
As
Harvey
and
Brenner
among
others
suggest,
we
need
to
deconstruct
the
nature
and
logic
of
the
neoclassic
economic
orthodoxy.
CSI
can
be
a
collec?ve
social
boLom-­‐up
transforma?on
paradigm
to
proceed
with.
2
>
the
poli$cal
challenge
>
We
have
to
start
sugges?ng
alterna?ves
to
the
clearly
failing
Na?on-­‐State
EU
configura?on.
CSI
highlights
the
decline
of
the
dominant
Na?on-­‐State-­‐wise
structures
and
mindset
so
far,
in
contrast,
puong
the
Region-­‐based
Europe
(Kea?ng,
Gallagher,
Moreno
and
Innerarity)
in
the
niLy
griLy
of
the
EU
Governance
model.
Poli?cally
innova?ve
processes
at
the
moment
in
the
EU
>
Scotland,
Catalonia,
Basque
Country,
Oresund,
Iceland,
Liverpool
&
Manchester,
among
others)
>
territorial
democra?c
regenera?on.

8. <
3
Implica$ons
>
1
>
Territorial
implica$ons
>
City-­‐Regionalism.
The
real
territorial
main
characters
of
Social
Innova?on
in
the
EU
should
be
Regions
rather
than
Na?on-­‐States.
2
>
Democra$c
implica$ons
>
Governance.
Smart
Ci?es
have
so
far
been
technology-­‐first
business-­‐driven
marke?cian
opera?ons.
3
>
Strategic
implica$ons
>
Scalar
implementa$on.
At
the
opera?onal
level,
mul?level
governance
should
be
implemented
in
a
scalar
coordina?on:
• to
guarantee
boLom-­‐up
socially
innova?ve
par?cipa?on
and
decision
making
processes
(Micro)
combined
with
an
ethical
and
strategic
policy
efficient
design
(Macro);
• while
the
heart
of
the
maLer
always
has
been
and
will
be,
the
implementa?on
of
this
Social
Innova?on
among
the
agents
and
across
the
projects
in
a
complex
networked
territorial
basis
(Meso).

9. EU
Smart
Ci$es’
Ranking?
What
do
they
measure?

10. Especially
the
EU
might
enhance
&
strengthen
the
prolifera$on
of
sustainable
Social
Innova$on
strategies,
poli$cal
changes
and
policy
ini$a$ves;
and
their
wider
urban
and
societal
impact.
(Moulaert
&
Swyngedow,
2010:
220)

11. • There
are
more
than
300
CRs
around
the
world
with
popula$ons
greater
than
one
million.
(…)
• CR
is
a
geography
that
arouses
confusion.
(ScoO,
2001)

12. <
5
#WorkInProgress
>
hap://www.cityregions.org
®

13. Aims:
1
>
To
deconstruct
the
term
City-­‐Region
from
different
fields:
Regional
Compara?ve
Studies,
Urban/Territorial
Studies,
Social
Innova?on
Studies
and
Poli?cs/Governance
Studies
>
Conceptual
Approach.
2
>
To
provide
and
suggest
an
analy?cal
and
systemic
framework
for
the
diagnosis
and
the
interven?on
of
the
City-­‐Regions:
5-­‐System
City-­‐Region
Framework
>
Analy$cal
Approach.
3
>
To
iden?fy
8
City-­‐Regions
case
studies
and
carry
out
field
work
research.
The
8
City-­‐Regions
are:
Basque,
Dublin,
Portland,
Oresund,
Iceland,
Scotland,
Catalonia
and
Liverpool/Manchester
>
Empirical
Approach.
4
>
To
contribute
with
a
Compara?ve
Territorial
Benchmarking
analysis
of
the
aforemen?oned
8
case
studies.
5
>
To
conclude
with
some
recommenda?ons
for
the
policy
making
territorial
strategic
tools
such
as
Think
Tanks,
according
to
the
results
gathered
along
the
project
>
Policy
Approach.
map
by
@icalzada

14. Diagram
by
@icalzada

15. PhD
Map
by
@icalzada

16. PostDoctoral
Map
by
@icalzada

17. <
5
#WorkInProgress
>
hap://www.cityregions.org
®
Map
by
@icalzada

18. Thank
you
very
much
Igor
Calzada,
Ph.D.
igor.calzada@compas.ox.ac.uk
hLp://www.cityregions.org
hLp://www.igorcalzada.com
hLp://about.me/icalzada
@icalzada