1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 –
6545(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
& TECHNOLOGY (IJEET)
ISSN 0976 – 6545(Print)
ISSN 0976 – 6553(Online)
Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), pp. 139-144
IJEET
© IAEME: www.iaeme.com/ijeet.asp
Journal Impact Factor (2012): 3.2031 (Calculated by GISI) ©IAEME
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ADVANCED ENERGY CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES AND
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIES & STRATEGIES
Dr. A. G. Matani Dr. S. K. Doifode
Associate Professor – Mech. Engg Associate Professor – Chemistry,
Government College of Engineering, Government College of Engineering,
Amravati – 444 604 [M.S.] India Amravati – 444 604 [M.S.] India
ABSTRACT
A huge amount of energy is wasted nationally due to sheer ignorance and lack of
awareness. Nearly 25,000 MW of capacity creation through energy efficiency in the
electricity sector alone has been estimated in India. Energy conservation potential for the
economy as a whole has been assessed as 23% with maximum potential in industrial and
agricultural sectors. Technological developments and innovations must accelerate. The costs
of emerging renewable energy technologies must continue to decline to ensure the widest
possible adoption. Energy conservation goes beyond using efficient products
This paper highlights advancements in energy conservation and sustainable
development activities implemented by various industries and educational institutes in
different parts of the world
Key Words: GHG emissions, Climate change, Energy audit, Energy conservation
initiatives, Global energy transformation.
INTRODUCTION
The electric power industry is among the world’s largest consumers of fossil fuels
and, as a result, largest emitters of carbon dioxide, making fuel use and fuel mix a critical
concern. Power generation can result in significant negative environmental impacts such as
diminishing soil, water and air quality; climate change; loss of biodiversity, in which
developing countries are particularly rich; production of radioactive waste; and acid rain.
Electricity companies have a responsibility to ensure the environmental sustainability of their
operations. Companies need to have in place initiatives to stimulate the increase of renewable
sources of energy for electricity and a long-term strategy for phasing out fossil fuels and
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2. International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 –
6545(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
completely switching to renewable sources of energy. In addition to increasing the use of
renewable energy sources, electricity companies should also implement other strategies to
reduce their impact on climate change and GHG emissions, and disclose proper information
regarding their performance to the public
ENERGY GENERATION CAPACITY: PRESENT INDIAN SCENARIO
Table – 1: Total energy installed capacity in India [up to December 2012]
Sector Installed capacity in MW % share
States contribution 86,405.85 40.96
Central contribution 62,886.63 29.81
Private sector contribution 61,659.24 29.22
Total 2,10,951.72 100
Table- 2: Total energy installed capacity (fuel wise) in India [up to December 2012]
SN Type of fuel Installed capacity in % share
MW
Coal 120,873.38 57.29
Gas 18,903.05 8.96
Oil 1,199.75 0.56
Total Thermal 140976.18 66.82
Hydro (Renewable) 39,339.40 18.64
Nuclear 4,780.00 2.26
Renewable energy sources 25,856.14 12.25
Under Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
(MNRE), Govt. of India , New Delhi
( Renewable Energy Sources(RES) includes
SHP, BG, BP, U&I and Wind Energy, Small
Hydro Project ,Biomass Gasifier ,Biomass
Power, Urban & Industrial Waste Power )
Total 2,10,951.72 100.00
NEED OF ENERGY CONSERVATION
India’s energy intensity per unit of GDP is higher as compared to Japan, U.S.A. and
Asia by 3.7 times, 1.55 times and 1.47 times respectively. This indicates inefficient use of
energy but also substantial scope for energy savings. The increasing global trade
liberalization and growing global competition have made productivity improvement,
including energy cost reduction, an important benchmark for economic success. Energy
conservation is to monitor industrial energy consumption and to pin-point sources of wastage,
An energy audit study helps an organization to understand and analyze its energy utilization
and identify areas where energy use can be reduced, decide on how to budget energy use,
plan & practice feasible energy conservation methods that will enhance their energy
efficiency, minimize energy wastage and reduce energy costs.
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3. International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 –
6545(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
In order to intensify the energy conservation initiatives, the Ministry of Power has
instituted "National Energy Conservation Award" given to 11 major category like Railways,
hospitals, office buildings, industry, power plant, etc. covering 35 different subsectors of
large and medium scale industries mainly on the basis of improvement in specific energy and
energy conservation initiatives.
According to notification issued by Ministry of Power, Government of India, New
Delhi, under energy conservation awards, the participating units of 2010 awards have
collectively invested Rs.54570 millions in energy conservation measures, and achieved a
monetary savings of Rs. 21380 millions every year, implying a payback period of 31 months
only, once again proving the fact that energy conservation is a least cost option. The
participating units have also saved electrical energy of 2422 Million kWh of electrical
energy, which is equivalent to the energy generated form a 357 MW thermal power station at
a PLF of 0.775. In other words, these participating units have avoided the installation of
power generating capacity equivalent to 357 MW thermal power stations in 2009-10, which
would otherwise have been required to meet the power demand of these units.
ADVANCED ENERGY CONSERVATION & ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
INITIATIVES BY INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS: THE WORLD SCENARIO
** Blue Star working on R & D on energy efficiency
Blue Star’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) philosophy is built on three pillars namely
• Environment protection
• Energy conservation
• Community development around its facilities.
The Company is research and development efforts are primarily on energy efficiency of its
products .Air, water and energy management services as well as LEED (Leadership in
Energy and Environmental Design) consultancy for Green Buildings have been part of its
business and practices. The Company has also been contributing in the technical domain in
the use of eco-friendly refrigerants in its products. Blue Star helps deserving institutions such
as hospitals and colleges to save power by conducting free walk-through energy audits.
** GE driving a global energy transformation with a focus on innovation and R&D
GE is driving a global energy transformation with a focus on innovation and R&D
investment to accelerate the development and deployment of clean energy technology. More
than 90 eco – magi nation-approved products have been brought to market with revenues
reaching $18 billion in 2009. GE invested $5 billion in R&D during first five years to
accelerate a new era of energy innovation. The company aims to l invest $10 billion in R&D
over next five years and improve operational energy efficiency by 200% by reducing
greenhouse gas emissions and water consumption
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4. International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 –
6545(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
** Energy Efficiency Services Limited improving energy efficiency in the agricultural
sector
Energy Efficiency Services Limited [EESL],is a joint venture of PSUs, of Ministry of
Power, Government of India, New Delhi is actively involved in improving energy efficiency
in the agricultural sector. Some of the key opportunities areas included investments will be
for procurement and the operation & maintenance of the agriculture pump sets , capital costs
are paid by the regulator in three yearly installments directly to EESL. Capital costs include
cost of energy efficient pump sets, cost of dismantling existing pump set, cost of installing
energy efficient pump sets, cost of installation of protection systems, monitoring &
verification and other costs.
** Government of India Implementing Encouraging Strategies
- Power Generation Strategy with focus on low cost generation, optimization of capacity
utilization, controlling the input cost, optimization of fuel mix, Technology up gradation and
utilization of Non Conventional energy sources
- Transmission Strategy with focus on development of National Grid including Interstate
connections, Technology up gradation & optimization of transmission cost.
- Distribution Strategy to achieve Distribution Reforms with focus on System up gradation,
loss reduction, theft control, consumer service orientation, quality power supply
commercialization, Decentralized distributed generation and supply for rural areas.
- Regulation Strategy aimed at protecting Consumer interests and making the sector
commercially viable.
- Financing Strategy to generate resources for required growth of the power sector.
- Conservation Strategy to optimize the utilization of electricity with focus on Demand Side
management, Load management and Technology up gradation to provide energy efficient
equipment / gadgets.
- Communication Strategy for political consensus with media support to enhance the
genera; public awareness.
** North-East Sustainable Energy Association (NESEA) incorporating sustainable and
energy - efficient elements into buildings
Northeast Sustainable Energy Association (NESEA) organized Annual event in
conjunction with the American Solar Energy Society’s National Solar Tour. Sustainable
energy features were on display at private homes, businesses, public buildings, schools,
farms, colleges, and nature centers. Green buildings can reduce heating costs over traditional
buildings; slow the pace of global warming; reduce pollution-induced increases in asthma-
related illnesses; reduce the incentive to drill for oil and gas in pristine landscapes; and even
generate surplus clean energy to power other buildings. The highlighting features included
use of renewable energy, green building principles, and energy-reducing features
** Mitsubishi Electric Group offering more effective industrial cleaning processes
Mitsubishi Electric is one of Japan's leaders in the development and implementation
of systems for wastewater treatment in manufacturing, water purification for public
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5. International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 –
6545(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
consumption, and more effective industrial cleaning processes. The Mitsubishi Electric
Group established Environmental Vision 2021 to contribute to the development of a
sustainable society, and is advancing initiatives to achieve a low-carbon, recycling-based
society such as micro-bubble technology that removes oil and other deposits without
detergents or hazardous chemicals, and ozone generation technology that purifies water
without chlorine. Membrane separation technology is also being put to use in high-grade
industrial applications in Mitsubishi Electric's own manufacturing operations. The goal is
100% recycling of water to eliminate unnecessary wastewater, encourage water conservation
and promote cost-savings
CONCLUSIONS
Although India ranks sixth in the world as far as total energy consumption is
concerned, it still needs much more energy to keep pace with its development objectives.
Most of India's megawatt potential can be captured at substantially lower costs compared to
the cost of capacity additions, which currently stands at over US$1 million per MW. In order
to maximize contribution to local economic development, electricity companies should first
assess the local needs and determine whether new generation capacity is truly necessary or
whether the demand could be met through efficiency measures and other demand-side
initiatives rather than additional supply. Eco - efficiency of energy systems aims at reducing
the impact on natural resources for producing goods and services. The energy intensity of
production and consumption in the developed economies of the world has created a pattern of
environmental stress. The transition to a low carbon economy requires major technological
innovations as well as substantial changes in lifestyles and consumption patterns. The biggest
challenge lies in the reduction of the resource intensity of production and the creation of
enormous wastes in productive systems and consumption patterns
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6545(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
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